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counterfactual account of causation 50–1 counterfactuals 38, 50–1, 202, 307 counterrevolution to cognitive revolution 272, 282–5 see also cognitive revolution covariance general 175, 184, 217 Lorentz 204, 217 see also relativity covariant equations 141 covariational account of assignation content 278 covering law account 56 Craver, Carl 68, 70, 72 creationism 12, 27 see also biology, evolution creativity 121–2 criterion, reality 202 critical mass 123 Cronin, H. 232 cultural anthropology 11, 300 culture 314 curvature (of space-time geometry) 187, 190–3 see also geometry, space–time curve-fitting problem 167 Cushing, J. 221 Darden, Lindley 61–2, 68, 71–2 Darwin, Charles 228 Dawkins, Richard 232, 241 de Finetti, B. 162, 166 decision theory 168 decoherence 215 see also quantum mechanics decomposition, biorthogonal 214 see also quantum mechanics deduction 7, 22 deductive-nomological (DN) model of explanation 4, 85–8, 37–42 see also explanation demarcation problem 3, 19–21 Dennett, Daniel 73, 232 see also consciousness, neuroscience derivability principle 86 see also epistemological reductionism description, state 159 see also probability Index 335 determinateness 202 see also quantum mechanics determinism 203 genetic 233 see also genetics developmental canalization 266 developmental constraint 254–9 developmental systems theory (DST) 262 DeWitt, B. 216 Dickson, Michael 98, 214 Dieks, D. 213 differences, sex 315 dimensionality 78 dimorphisim, sexual 316 disanalogy see analogy, negative discrimination, gender 314 distribution postulate 212 disunity of science movement 95 DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) 253, 260 see also genetics Duhem, Pierre 14, 20, 111, 132, 143 Durkheim, Émile 136, 290, 293 Dutch Book Argument 24, 162 Dupré, J. 91, 95 dynamical systems theory 92, 272, 283–5 attractors 92 dynamics 200 non-linear 92–3 see also quantum mechanics Earman, John 62, 174 ecology 227, 234 economics, neoclassical 297 eigenvalue-eigenstate link 208, 213 Einstein, Albert 1, 13, 174 Einstein Field Equations (EEFs) 174–6 solutions of 190 Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) 97, 201–2 see also holism, non-locality, nonseparability Eldridge, N. 255 electromagnetism 123 electrostatics 112 eliminative materialism 29 see also consciousness, emergence, physicalism, reductionism Elman, J. 278
emergence 80, 90–3, 99, 102–3 epistemological 80–1, 92–3, 99 ontological 80–1, 90–2, 101–2 singular asymptotic 100–1 see also explanation, holism, part-whole, physicalism, reductionism emergentism, British 91, 101 emotions 272, 327 see also cognitive science, neuroscience empiricism 143, 273, 313, 318 British 3 constructive 31, 33 feminist 318, 321 logical 2, 156 energy, conservation of 179 entangled state 97 see also non-separability, quantum mechanics entanglement 96–7 see also non-separability, quantum mechanics entities, observational vs. theoretical 111 see also observational vs. theoretical distinction entropy 121 see also statistical mechanics, thermodynamics epigenetic inheritance 262–3 epistemic/nonepistemic values 324, 327 epistemological emergence 80–1 predictive/explanatory 92, 99, 102 representational/cognitive 92–3, 99, 102 see also ontological emergence epistemological reductionism 99 pragmatic 88–9 replacement 84 semantic 64–5, 88–9 theoretical/derivational 85 see also derivability principle, explanation, ontological reductionism, reduction, intertheoretic, singular asymptotic expansions epistemology evolutionary 234 naturalized 8, 153, 290 normative 153 Index 336 of science 314 standpoint 321 equations, covariant 141 see also relativity error theory of statistics 168 essences 235 essentialism 319 essentialist 235 see also taxonomy ether 30 ethics 11–12 evolutionary 234 ethnicity 314 Eurocentrism 326 Everett, Hugh 215–16 evidence, problem of old 26, 167 see also Bayesianism, confirmation evolution adaptation 231 adaptionist programme 230–3 fitness 239–40 indeterminism/determinism (debate) 230 macroevolution 244 mechanisms of 228 neo-Darwinian gradualism 255 neutral theory of molecular 299 philosophy of 227–8 punctuated equilibrium 244, 255 random genetic drift 229, 257 selection 228, 230–1, 238, 240–3, 254, 262 theory of 27 see also biology, creationism exaptation 231 exons 253–4 expansions, singular asymptotic 100–1 experiment 128–9 and evidence 141 and technology 142 crucial 143 laboratory effects 140 poorly replicated or unreplicable 137–8 theory testing 138 experimentation and logical positivism 131 explanans/explanandum 37, 117 explanation 4, 8, 38, 112, 257, 304–5 causal 40, 292
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The Blackwell Guide to the Philosop
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The Blackwell Guide to the Philosop
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Contents Notes on Contributors vii
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Notes on Contributors Daniela M. Ba
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Notes on Contributors Peter Machame
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Preface of science and again about
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Peter Machamer until the present da
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So, formally, what was needed was a
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Peter Machamer work out and change
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Peter Machamer general, trans-parad
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Peter Machamer or general relativit
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Peter Machamer actually know some o
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Peter Machamer General strike and r
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Peter Machamer 1940 Journal of Unif
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Chapter 2 Philosophy of Science: Cl
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John Worrall the view): the “revo
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John Worrall Confirmation - the att
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John Worrall Confirmation - the Bay
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John Worrall Virtues like these, co
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John Worrall Creationism (C) - say
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John Worrall Then, of course, as pa
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John Worrall and about the vibratio
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John Worrall A different view - a v
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John Worrall Lakatos, I. (1970):
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Jim Woodward account are complex, b
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Jim Woodward a DN explanation answe
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Jim Woodward plete: the occurrence
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Jim Woodward The Causal Mechanical
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Jim Woodward appeals to the general
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Jim Woodward use of a single origin
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Jim Woodward of the limitations of
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Jim Woodward a relatively sharp dis
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Jim Woodward Hitchcock, C. (2001):
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Logical and extralogical vocabulary
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Carl F. Craver world - a picture in
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Hairpin turn Na+ 3. Hairpins bend i
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Carl F. Craver Theories and laws A
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Carl F. Craver that the required ph
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Carl F. Craver to take on the allow
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Carl F. Craver provides important r
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Carl F. Craver tion that the lower-
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Carl F. Craver attention to salient
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Carl F. Craver 3 Classic statements
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Carl F. Craver Bechtel, W. and Rich
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Carl F. Craver Nagel, E. (1961): Th
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Chapter 5 Reduction, Emergence and
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Michael Silberstein The Varieties o
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Michael Silberstein Nomological sup
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Michael Silberstein statistical mec
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Michael Silberstein Semantic/model-
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Ontological relations are objective
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Michael Silberstein epistemological
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Michael Silberstein Focus on actual
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statistical mechanics. As of yet, f
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Michael Silberstein as the quantum
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Michael Silberstein limited to the
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Michael Silberstein Humphreys sugge
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Michael Silberstein property with a
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Michael Silberstein Healey, R. A. (
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Chapter 6 Models, Metaphors and Ana
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Daniela M. Bailer-Jones Bailer-Jone
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Daniela M. Bailer-Jones this “[a]
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Daniela M. Bailer-Jones importance
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Daniela M. Bailer-Jones excited sta
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Daniela M. Bailer-Jones the science
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Daniela M. Bailer-Jones Coping with
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Daniela M. Bailer-Jones and elsewhe
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Daniela M. Bailer-Jones The relatio
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Daniela M. Bailer-Jones Bradie, M.
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Chapter 7 Experiment and Observatio
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James Bogen nected causally or only
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James Bogen Whewell (1991) and Duhe
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James Bogen with air pressure oscil
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James Bogen chosen for them, I’ll
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James Bogen 1987, pp. 180-97). Gali
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James Bogen cal significance of Mil
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on the treatment of a low-level pro
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James Bogen tory system. fMRI calcu
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James Bogen Dear, P. (1995): Discip
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James Bogen Stuewer, R. H. (1985):
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Alan Hájek and Ned Hall The streng
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Alan Hájek and Ned Hall Billy.) Ra
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Alan Hájek and Ned Hall abilistic
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with colored balls; let the languag
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PX ( Y) PXY ( )= PY ( ) provided P(
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Alan Hájek and Ned Hall the only t
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The Subjectivist Interpretation: Or
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Unorthodox Bayesianism Each of B1-B
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Alan Hájek and Ned Hall Non-Kolmog
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Alan Hájek and Ned Hall for a trea
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Alan Hájek and Ned Hall Statistics
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Alan Hájek and Ned Hall Schervish,
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Craig Callender and Carl Hoefer His
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Outside the Hole: h* = Identity, no
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Craig Callender and Carl Hoefer If
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Craig Callender and Carl Hoefer Of
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Craig Callender and Carl Hoefer the
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Craig Callender and Carl Hoefer In
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Craig Callender and Carl Hoefer its
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Craig Callender and Carl Hoefer i.e
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Craig Callender and Carl Hoefer is
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Figure 9.3 Our past light cone Figu
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Craig Callender and Carl Hoefer gen
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Craig Callender and Carl Hoefer But
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Craig Callender and Carl Hoefer Tel
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Laura Ruetsche ing to it. In quantu
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Laura Ruetsche Measuring sˆ x on s
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For the purposes of probing localit
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By the Spectrum rule [Î] = 1 and [
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1989). What’s more, the assumptio
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The revisions that require the leas
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Laura Ruetsche 1 i x ,..., x N x˙
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the apparatus system after measurem
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Laura Ruetsche But the terms of rec
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observables in {A(O)}. If it were a
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Laura Ruetsche particle notions. Ev
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Laura Ruetsche intrinsic angular mo
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Laura Ruetsche Bohr, N. (1935): “
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Laura Ruetsche Rovelli, C. (1997):
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Roberta L. Millstein the lenses of
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Roberta L. Millstein Second, if ran
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Roberta L. Millstein conception of
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Roberta L. Millstein tionary psycho
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Roberta L. Millstein viduals. This
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Roberta L. Millstein Recently, the
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Roberta L. Millstein described the
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Roberta L. Millstein However, this
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Roberta L. Millstein heart, and yet
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Roberta L. Millstein Pittsburgh-Kon
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Roberta L. Millstein Harding, S. (1
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Roberta L. Millstein of Fitness,”
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Chapter 12 Molecular and Developmen
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Paul Griffiths complex plus other r
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Figure 12.1 Canalization of develop
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Paul Griffiths Peter Godfrey-Smith
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Paul Griffiths development in a rad
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Paul Griffiths study of development
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Paul Griffiths of DNA “which segr
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Paul Griffiths empirically integrat
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Paul Griffiths D. Mundici and J. va
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Paul Griffiths Mitchison, J. G. (19
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Chapter 13 Cognitive Science Rick G
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Rick Grush The cognitive revolution
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Rick Grush This trend in cognitive
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Rick Grush ‘girls’. In one of t
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Rick Grush number of incompatible y
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Rick Grush materialism is directed
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Page 297 and 298: Rick Grush foreseeable future, the
Page 299 and 300: Rick Grush Dretske, F. (1981): Know
Page 301 and 302: Chapter 14 Social Sciences Harold K
Page 303 and 304: Harold Kincaid 1 Social systems are
Page 305 and 306: Harold Kincaid In the 1950s, philos
Page 307 and 308: Harold Kincaid if social science cl
Page 309 and 310: Harold Kincaid ideas, and it is hel
Page 311 and 312: Harold Kincaid There are further on
Page 313 and 314: Harold Kincaid made simply by sorti
Page 315 and 316: Harold Kincaid commitment is whethe
Page 317 and 318: Harold Kincaid Problems to Come Imp
Page 319 and 320: Harold Kincaid Notes 1 Philosophy o
Page 321 and 322: Harold Kincaid Kincaid, H. (2001):
Page 323 and 324: Chapter 15 Feminist Philosophy of S
Page 325 and 326: Lynn Hankinson Nelson aids, financi
Page 327 and 328: Lynn Hankinson Nelson By the mid 19
Page 329 and 330: Lynn Hankinson Nelson work for work
Page 331 and 332: Lynn Hankinson Nelson feminist and
Page 333 and 334: Lynn Hankinson Nelson ceptual as we
Page 335 and 336: Lynn Hankinson Nelson As the forego
Page 337 and 338: Lynn Hankinson Nelson tinctive phil
Page 339 and 340: Lynn Hankinson Nelson philosophy of
Page 341 and 342: Lynn Hankinson Nelson Keller, E. F.
Page 343 and 344: absolute vs. relative (notions of)
Page 345: causation cont’d Humean 40 superl
Page 349 and 350: geometry Euclidean 1, 178, 180 non-
Page 351 and 352: locality 202-3 Jarrett 204 logical
Page 353 and 354: Pearl, J. 51 Penrose, Roger 186, 19
Page 355 and 356: elativity cont’d conventionality
Page 357 and 358: supervenience cont’d see also ont
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