lc290 Partial Defences to Murder report - Law Commission
lc290 Partial Defences to Murder report - Law Commission
lc290 Partial Defences to Murder report - Law Commission
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PART 3:PROVOCATION 3.1 30<br />
Structure of this Part 3.1 30<br />
Consultation paper 3.13 31<br />
Provisional conclusions 3.15 31<br />
The wider law of murder 3.18 32<br />
The major problems with provocation 3.20 33<br />
Rationale of the defence 3.21 33<br />
The provoking conduct 3.25 35<br />
Sudden and temporary loss of self-control 3.26 35<br />
The reasonable person test 3.31 36<br />
Abolition or reformulation of provocation? 3.32 37<br />
Extreme mental or emotional disturbance (EMED) 3.47 41<br />
Our approach <strong>to</strong> reform of provocation 3.60 45<br />
Rationale of provocation 3.63 45<br />
Provocation: How <strong>to</strong> reshape it 3.65 46<br />
The trigger: Gross provocation 3.68 46<br />
“Caused” the defendant <strong>to</strong> have … a sense of being seriously<br />
wronged 3.69 46<br />
“Justifiable” sense of being seriously wronged 3.70 47<br />
Does the provocation need <strong>to</strong> emanate from the deceased? 3.72 47<br />
Does the defendant need <strong>to</strong> be the sole or immediate<br />
sufferer from the provocation? 3.73 48<br />
The impact on domestic violence 3.75 48<br />
“Gross provocation” need not involve a risk of physical violence3.79 49<br />
The trigger: Response <strong>to</strong> fear 3.85 50<br />
The trigger: Combination of gross provocation and fear 3.104 54<br />
The objective test 3.109 55<br />
Exclusion of considered revenge 3.135 62<br />
Exclusion of self-induced provocation 3.138 63<br />
Role of judge and jury 3.141 64<br />
Accident or mistake 3.153 67<br />
Duress 3.161 69<br />
Excessive force in self-defence 3.163 69<br />
Merger of provocation and diminished responsibility in<strong>to</strong> a single<br />
Defence 3.164 69<br />
Burden of proof 3.167 70<br />
Recommendations 3.168 70<br />
PART 4: EXCESSIVE FORCE IN SELF DEFENCE 4.1 72<br />
Introduction 4.1 72<br />
The defence of self-defence 4.5 73<br />
The case form some form of partial defence <strong>to</strong> murder which is<br />
rooted in a response based on fear 4.17 77<br />
Different sources of concern 4.17 77