NOx Emissions Impacts from Widespread Deployment of CHP in ...

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Prepared By: Houston Advanced Research Center 4800 Research Forest Drive The Woodlands, Texas 77381 Principal Investigator Daniel B. Bullock Houston Advanced Research Center Mustapha Beydoun, Ph.D. Rohini Brahme, Ph.D.* David Hitchcock Houston Advanced Research Center Lianne Lami, P.E. Bocci Engineering LLC Cypress, Texas NOx Emissions Report Prepared For: Texas State Energy Conservation Office LBJ State Office Building 111 E. 17th Street Austin TX 78701 Pam Groce Project Manager Dub Taylor Director This project was undertaken by the Gulf Coast CHP Regional Applications Center hosted at the Houston Advanced Research. Funding was provided by the Texas State Energy Conservation Office (SECO). *Dr. Brahme is now employed with United Technologies Research Center (UTRC) ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS NOx Emissions Report TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................................... iii LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................................................................... iv ACRONYMS .............................................................................................................................................. v EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................................................vii 1.0 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background ....................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 HGB NOx Overview......................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Combined Heat and Power Systems ................................................................................. 4 2.0. Commercial and Institutional Buildings ........................................................................................... 11 2.1 Identifying Candidate Facilities ...................................................................................... 11 2.2 Developing Prototype Buildings ..................................................................................... 12 2.3 Modeling Building Performance ..................................................................................... 14 2.3.1 Prototype Building Models .......................................................................................... 14 2.3.2 CHP System Definition and Operating Strategies ....................................................... 15 2.4 NOx Emissions Impact ................................................................................................... 16 2.4.1 CHP Operating Strategies ............................................................................................ 17 2.4.2 Prototypical Building Types ........................................................................................ 19 2.4.3 Peak Ozone Season Impacts ........................................................................................ 19 3.0 Industrial Facilities........................................................................................................................... 21 3.1 Analytical Methodology ................................................................................................. 21 3.2 Industrial CHP Potential (HGB Only) ............................................................................ 22 3.3 CHP Applications and System Characterization ............................................................ 24 3.4 System Performance and Potential NOx Savings ........................................................... 25 3.5 NOx Emissions Impacts of Industrial CHP .................................................................... 27 4.0 Results and Discussion .................................................................................................................... 30 4.1 Geographic Implications ................................................................................................. 32 4.2 Further Needs and Recommendations ............................................................................ 33 4.3 Conclusions ..................................................................................................................... 34 Appendix A .......................................................................................................................................... A-1 Appendix B .......................................................................................................................................... B-1 iii
Page 1: February 2008 NOx Emissions Impacts
Page 5 and 6: BACT Best Available Control Technol
Page 7 and 8: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY NOx Emissions Rep
Page 9 and 10: NOx Emissions Report than half of t
Page 11 and 12: 1.0 Introduction NOx Emissions Repo
Page 13 and 14: NOx Emissions Report regulating mos
Page 15 and 16: Figure 1-2: Efficiency Comparison -
Page 17 and 18: NOx Emissions Report central statio
Page 19 and 20: NOx Emissions Report 1.6 Data Sourc
Page 21 and 22: 2.0. Commercial and Institutional B
Page 23 and 24: Table 2-1: Commercial & Institution
Page 25 and 26: • Retail Buildings (2): big box r
Page 27 and 28: NOx Emissions Report To assess the
Page 29 and 30: NOx Emissions Report 2.4.2 Prototyp
Page 31 and 32: 3.0 Industrial Facilities NOx Emiss
Page 33 and 34: NOx Emissions Report The industrial
Page 35 and 36: Table 3-4: Ten CHP Prototypes and F
Page 37 and 38: NOx Emissions Report transmission/d
Page 39 and 40: NOx Emissions Report NOx emission i
Page 41 and 42: 4.0 Results and Discussion NOx Emis
Page 43 and 44: NOx Emissions Report 12.9 tons per
Page 45 and 46: References NOx Emissions Report Ban
Page 47 and 48: Appendix A Large Hospital CHP Analy
Page 49 and 50: Appendix A Small Hospital CHP Analy
Page 51 and 52: Appendix A Large Hotel CHP Analysis
Page 53 and 54:
Size: 73,684 sq ft Base Case - Non
Page 55 and 56:
Size: 62786 sq ft Base Case - Non C
Page 57:
Appendix A Big Box Retail CHP Analy
Page 60 and 61:
CHP Results CHP Technology: Microtu
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CHP Results Total Emissions for Con
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CHP Results The results generated b
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CHP Results Total Emissions from CH
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CHP Results Displaced Electricity 2
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CHP Results CHP Technology: Recip E
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CHP Results CHP Technology: Combust
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