Thesis for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy - DTU Orbit

More documents

Recommendations

Info

atio of 1.1 x 10 -11 , 125 I tracer (Amersham Pharmacia Biotech, Little Chalfont, Buckinghamshire,UK), 127 I carrier (Woodward iodine, MICAL Specialty Chemicals, New Jersey) and Bio-Rad AG1- × 4 anion exchange resin (Bio-Rad laboratories, Richmond, CA) were used. Fig. 1 Sampling locations for Lakes collected from Denmark and Sweden Separation of iodine species as iodide and iodate. A modified version of the analytical method of Hou et al. (2007) was used for the separation of different species of iodine. Bio-Rad AG1-×4 strongly basic anion exchange resin, 50–100 mesh, converted to NO3 - form was packed in a column of ø 1.0 × 20 cm. 100-300 mL of lake water spiked with about 50 Bq of 125 I - tracer was loaded onto the column at a flow rate of 1 ml min -1 , and the column was washed with 30 mL of distilled water and then 50 mL of 4
0.2 M KNO3. The effluent and the washes were combined for the determination of iodate. Iodide on the column was eluted using 40 mL of 10% NaClO. Total iodine including organic and inorganic species determination. To a certain volume of fresh water sample (100 mL) spiked with about 50 Bq of 125 I - tracer, 5mL of 15% NaClO and 5mL of 3M NaOH was added. This mixture was heat at 150 0 C for 3h. Extraction of iodine from all separated fractions. About 50 Bq of a 125 I - solution was added to effluent plus wash from the anion exchange chromatographic separation procedure above (iodate fraction) as chemical yield tracer. About 2.0 mg of stable iodine (prepared from Woodward iodine) was added to all separated fractions as a carrier. To convert all iodine to iodide, 0.2 mL of 2.0 M NaHSO3 was added and pH was adjusted to 2 using 3.0 M HNO3. Iodine was first extracted with CCl4 after oxidation of iodide to molecular iodine using NaNO2, and then back-extracted with NaHSO3 solution. The extraction and back-extraction was repeated to purify the iodine solution. The chemical yields of iodide and iodate were measured by counting 125 I in the separated solution using a NaI γ-detector, and were found to be 50-70% and 72-98% respectively. The chemical yields of total iodine were found to be 44-92%. 127 I and 129 I preparation for ICP – MS and AMS measurement. One milliliter of iodide fraction was taken and diluted to 20 mL with 0.1 M NH4OH. About 10 mL of original lake water and 10 ml from iodate fraction was taken and NH4OH solution was added to a NH4OH concentration of 0.1 M. Cs + as (CsCl) was added as an internal standard to a concentration of 2.0 ng/mL. The concentration of 127 I was determined using an X-SeriesII ICP-MS (Thermo Electron Corporation). The detection limit, calculated as 3SD of blanks, was 0.23 nM. 5
Page 1 and 2:
Chemical Speciation Analysis and En
Page 3 and 4:
Thesis for the Degree of Doctor of
Page 5 and 6:
Abstract This thesis deals with che
Page 7 and 8:
environment since they reflect the
Page 9 and 10:
organiske jodformer. Adsorption af
Page 11 and 12:
None of this would have been possib
Page 13 and 14:
Abbreviations and acronyms b+ - pos
Page 15 and 16:
3.1 Analytical Development………
Page 17 and 18:
Table 1 Some properties of iodine P
Page 19 and 20:
In soils/sediments iodine occurs as
Page 21 and 22:
Table 2 Nuclear properties of iodin
Page 23 and 24:
Liquid scintillation counting (LSC)
Page 25 and 26:
The bioavailability of radioactive
Page 27 and 28:
data (Englund et al., 2010; Hou et
Page 29 and 30:
2. Analytical procedures used in th
Page 31 and 32:
2.3 Quantification of total iodine
Page 33 and 34:
Fig. 5 Quantification of total iodi
Page 35 and 36:
iodate were measured by counting 12
Page 37 and 38:
Fig. 6 Sequential extraction proced
Page 39 and 40:
a Fig. 8 Calibration curve for (a)
Page 41 and 42:
experiment was subjected to combust
Page 43 and 44:
Table 7 Adsorption of iodine specie
Page 45 and 46:
numbers 11-14), which is about the
Page 47 and 48:
marine environment from nuclear fue
Page 49 and 50:
127 I - (ppb) 127 IO3 - (ppb) a b 1
Page 51 and 52:
Although the oxygen concentration d
Page 53 and 54:
129 I TBq 2,00E+00 1,80E+00 1,60E+0
Page 55 and 56:
• Adsorption of iodine species on
Page 57 and 58:
Reference Aldahan A, Kekli A, Possn
Page 59 and 60:
Fuge R& Johnson C. 1986. The geoche
Page 61 and 62:
Lo´pez-Gutie´rrez JM, Garcı ´a-
Page 63 and 64:
Shinohara K. 2004. Measurement and
Page 65 and 66:
http://www.irsn.fr/EN/news/Document
Page 67 and 68:
Review Analytica Chimica Acta 632 (
Page 69 and 70:
Table 1 Nuclear properties and prod
Page 71 and 72:
Fig. 2. Liquid discharges of 129 I
Page 73 and 74:
Fig. 5. Schematic diagram and pictu
Page 75 and 76:
129 I in iodide and iodate is then
Page 77 and 78:
Fig. 8. Diagram of air sampler for
Page 79 and 80:
Fig. 10. Iodine L3-edge (a) and K-e
Page 81 and 82:
analysis of 129 I in water sample a
Page 83 and 84:
Yi P, Aldahan A, Hansen V, Possnert
Page 85 and 86:
FIGURE 1. Sampling sites (the red s
Page 87 and 88:
FIGURE 3. Horizontal distribution o
Page 89 and 90:
FIGURE 5. Time series data of 129 I
Page 91 and 92:
Environmental Science & Technology
Page 93 and 94:
prepared using KI and KIO3. No diff
Page 95 and 96:
of their contribution to the Baltic
Page 97 and 98:
Fig. S-1 Sampling sites (the red so
Page 99 and 100: Fig. S-3 Vertical distribution of I
Page 101 and 102: Fig. S-5 Marine discharges function
Page 103 and 104: Fig.S-7 Relationship between I-129
Page 105 and 106: Table S-1 Results of I-129 and I-12
Page 107 and 108: S17
Page 109 and 110: Paper III Hansen,V., Yi, P., Hou, X
Page 111 and 112: conversion process between iodide a
Page 113 and 114: Table 1 Analytical results of 129 I
Page 115 and 116: August April I-129 iodide ( 10 8 at
Page 117 and 118: References Aldahan A, Kekli A, Poss
Page 119 and 120: Partition of iodine ( 129 I and 127
Page 121 and 122: Norway (Table 1). CTD-casts with ox
Page 123 and 124: 5. Discussion 5.1. Separation of hu
Page 125 and 126: In the present study 40e60% of 129
Page 127 and 128: Hutta, M., Gora, R., 2003. Novel st
Page 129 and 130: Analysis of 129 I and 127 I in arch
Page 131 and 132: et al., 2002). Due to the fact that
Page 133 and 134: espectively. The iodine was leached
Page 135 and 136: salinities in the same area. Apart
Page 137 and 138: North Sea. 129 I/ 127 I ratios in w
Page 139 and 140: Table 2 Analytical results of 129-I
Page 141 and 142: 129 I/ 127 I 1,40E-07 1,20E-07 1,00
Page 143 and 144: References Aldahan A, Englund E, Po
Page 145 and 146: O’Dowd, C.; Jimenez, J. L.; Bahre
Page 147 and 148: Iodine ( 129 I and 127 I) speciatio
Page 149: water in winter by molecular oxygen
Page 153 and 154: maximum values is at 0.03-0.06×10
Page 155 and 156: into the English Channel from the L
Page 157 and 158: References Aldahan A, Kekli A, Poss
Page 160 and 161: Risø-PhD-81(EN)
show all

Thesis for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy - DTU Orbit

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?