Long-term Memory
Long-term Memory
Long-term Memory
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• selecting distractors in a lineup (known-innocents)<br />
– nominal size: # in the lineup<br />
– functional size: # fit the suspect’s description<br />
– the use of mock eyewitnesses<br />
• if they prefer the suspect, the lineup is flawed<br />
– match-to-description, or also resemble-suspect?<br />
• either way, innocent suspect is protected against erroneous identification<br />
• if the distractors resemble-suspect, identification of guilty suspect is lower<br />
• demand characteristics<br />
– subtle cues<br />
– exert pressure to select (relative judgment)<br />
– double-blind eliminates these concerns<br />
• Not adopted by law enforcement<br />
• relative judgments versus absolute identification<br />
– more likely to convict innocent suspects w/ relative judgments<br />
– “none of the above”<br />
– sequential lineup<br />
• reduces ID of innocent suspects<br />
• doesn’t reduce ID of guilty suspects<br />
• however, might enhance demand characteristics
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