26.12.2013 Views

Congenital malformations - Edocr

Congenital malformations - Edocr

Congenital malformations - Edocr

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

Create successful ePaper yourself

Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.

CHAPTER 45 LIMB REDUCTION DEFECTS 305<br />

4. Evans JA, Vitez M, Czeizel A. <strong>Congenital</strong> abnormalities<br />

associated with limb deficiency defects: a<br />

population study based on cases from the Hungarian<br />

<strong>Congenital</strong> Malformation Registry (1975–1984).<br />

Am J Med Genet. Jan 1994;49(1):52–66.<br />

5. McGuirk CK, Westgate MN, Holmes LB. Limb deficiencies<br />

in newborn infants. Pediatrics. Oct 2001;<br />

108(4):E64.<br />

6. Stoll C, Calzolari E, Cornel M, et al. A study on<br />

limb reduction defects in six European regions.<br />

Ann Genet. 1996;39(2):99–104.<br />

7. Zhu J, Miao L, Xu C, Wang Y, et al. Analysis of 822<br />

infants with limb reduction defect in China. Hua<br />

Xi Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao. Dec 1996;27(4):400–3.<br />

8. Castilla EE, Cavalcanti DP, Dutra MG, et al. Limb<br />

reduction defects in South America. Br J Obstet<br />

Gynaecol. May 1995;102(5):393–400.<br />

9. Calzolari E, Manservigi D, Garani GP, et al. Limb reduction<br />

defects in Emilia Romagna, Italy: epidemiological<br />

and genetic study in 173,109 consecutive<br />

births. J Med Genet. Jun 1990;27(6):353–7.<br />

10. Goutas N, Simopoulou S, Petraki V, et al. Limb reduction<br />

defects—autopsy study. Pediatr Pathol.<br />

Jan-Feb 1993;13(1):29–35.<br />

11. Froster-Iskenius UG, Baird PA. Limb reduction defects<br />

in over one million consecutive livebirths.<br />

Teratology. Feb 1989;39(2):127–35.<br />

12. Tayel SM, Fawzia MM, Al-Naqeeb NA, et al.<br />

A morpho-etiological description of congenital<br />

limb anomalies. Ann Saudi Med. May-Jun 2005;<br />

25(3):219–27.<br />

13. Froster UG, Baird PA. <strong>Congenital</strong> defects of the<br />

limbs and alcohol exposure in pregnancy: data<br />

from a population based study. Am J Med Genet.<br />

Dec 1992;44(6):782–5.<br />

14. Holmes LB. Teratogen-induced limb defects.<br />

Am J Med Genet. Oct 2002;112(3):297–303.<br />

15. Firth HV, Boyd PA, Chamberlain PF, et al. Analysis<br />

of limb reduction defects in babies exposed to<br />

chorionic villus sampling. Lancet. Apr 1994;<br />

343(8905):1069–71.<br />

16. Olney RS, Khoury MJ, Alo CJ, et al. Increased risk<br />

for transverse digital deficiency after chorionic villus<br />

sampling: results of the United States Multistate<br />

Case-Control Study, 1988–1992. Teratology.<br />

Jan 1995;51(1):20–9.<br />

17. Yang Q, Khoury MJ, Olney RS, et al. Does periconceptional<br />

multivitamin use reduce the risk for<br />

limb deficiency in offspring? Epidemiology. Mar 1997;<br />

8(2):157–61.<br />

18. Kallen B, Rahmani TM, Winberg J. Infants with<br />

congenital limb reduction registered in the Swedish<br />

Register of <strong>Congenital</strong> Malformations. Teratology.<br />

Feb 1984;29(1):73–85.<br />

19. Makhoul IR, Goldstein I, Smolkin T, et al. <strong>Congenital</strong><br />

limb deficiencies in newborn infants: prevalence,<br />

characteristics and prenatal diagnosis. Prenat<br />

Diagn. Mar 2003;23(3):198–200.<br />

20. Martinez-Frias ML, Bermejo E, Paisan L, et al. Children<br />

with limb reductions in a population of<br />

25,193 malformed newborns: the recognized<br />

causes. ECEMC. The Spanish Collaborative Study<br />

of <strong>Congenital</strong> Malformations. An Esp Pediatr.<br />

Jan 1998; 48(1):49–53.<br />

21. Froster UG, Baird PA. <strong>Congenital</strong> defects of the<br />

limbs in stillbirths: data from a population-based<br />

study. Am J Med Genet. Jun 1993;46(5):479–82.<br />

22. Rosano A, Botto LD, Olney RS, et al. Limb defects<br />

associated with major congenital anomalies: clinical<br />

and epidemiological study from the International<br />

Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Monitoring Systems.<br />

Am J Med Genet. Jul 2000;93(2):110–6.<br />

23. Kroes HY, Olney RS, Rosano A, et al. Renal defects<br />

and limb deficiencies in 197 infants: is it possible<br />

to define the “acrorenal syndrome?” Am J Med<br />

Genet A. Aug 2004;129(2):149–55.<br />

24. Czeizel AE, Vitez M, Kodaj I, et al. Causal study of isolated<br />

ulnar-fibular deficiency in Hungary, 1975–1984.<br />

Am J Med Genet. Jun 1993;46(4):427–33.<br />

25. Froster UG, Baird PA. Upper limb deficiencies and<br />

associated <strong>malformations</strong>: a population-based<br />

study. Am J Med Genet. Dec 1992;44(6):767–81.<br />

26. James MA, Green HD, McCarroll HR Jr, et al. The association<br />

of radial deficiency with thumb hypoplasia.<br />

J Bone Joint Surg Am. Oct 2004;86-A(10):2196–205.<br />

27. Kozin SH. Upper-extremity congenital anomalies.<br />

J Bone Joint Surg Am. Aug 2003;85-A(8):1564–76.<br />

28. Skjaerven R, Wilcox AJ, Lie RT. A population-based<br />

study of survival and childbearing among female<br />

subjects with birth defects and the risk of recurrence<br />

in their children. N Engl J Med. Apr 1999;<br />

340(14):1057–62.

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!