Congenital malformations - Edocr

342 PART IX MISCELLANEOUS MALFORMATIONS
spinal dysraphism are usually >4 cm in size and
are frequently associated with other cutaneous
markers of occult spinal dysraphism. 2,9 The
need for neuroimaging studies in an infant with
solitary capillary malformation is less clear. 16,17
APLASIA CUTIS AND
CONGENITAL SCARS
Figure 49-3. Lumbosacral hemangioma
(Reprinted with permission from Guggisberg D,
Hadj-Rabia S, Viney C, et al. Skin markers of occult
spinal dysraphism in children: a review of 54
cases. Arch Dermatol. Sep 2004;140(9):1109–15.
Copyright 2004, American Medical Association.
All rights reserved.)
HEMANGIOMA AND OTHER
VASCULAR MALFORMATIONS
Midline, lumbosacral hemangiomas, and telengiectasias
have also been reported as markers
of occult spinal dysraphism (Figs. 49-3 and
49-4). 14,15 Hemangiomas associated with occult
Aplasia cutis is a congenital absence of skin
and occurs most frequently on the scalp. Aplasia
cutis and its variant lesion in the lumbosacral
area have been reported in association with occult
spinal dysraphism. 10 A small area of scarified
loss of skin described as a “cigarette burn”
in association with occult spinal dysraphism
may also be a variant of aplasia cutis.
ACROCHORDONS, TAILS,
AND PSEUDOTAILS
An acrochordon is a small flesh-colored or dark
brown papule or nodule which is skin covered,
sessile, or pedunculated and is composed of
epidermis and dermal stalk. These lesions are
also described as “skin tags” sometimes. A true
A
B
Figure 49-4. A. Lumbosacral port-wine stain, lipoma, dermal sinus, and deviated gluteal fold.
B. Lumbosacral hamartoma (Reprinted with permission from Guggisberg D, Hadj-Rabia S, Viney
C, et al. Skin markers of occult spinal dysraphism in children: a review of 54 cases. Arch Dermatol.
Sep 2004;140(9):1109–15. Copyright 2004, American Medical Association. All rights reserved.)