PHYS07200604007 Manas Kumar Dala - Homi Bhabha National ...

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Experimental Techniques 34 used, the second face of the anode can be excited. The anode is water cooled to prevent the aluminium or magnesium surfaces from evaporating. X-rays generated in the surface of the anode pass through a thin aluminium window to the sample under analysis. The aluminium window forms a partial vacuum barrier between the source and the sample region. The hemispherical electron energy analyser (EA 125) The EA 125 energy analyser based on a 125 mm mean radius electrostatic hemispherical deflection analyser composed of two concentric hemispheres [10, 16]. The inner and outer spheres are biased positive and negative with respect to the pass energy of the analyser. The analyser disperses electrons according to the energy across the exit plane (between the two hemispheres) and focuses them in the angular dimension from the entrance to the exit plane. Slits which are variable are located at the entrance and exit of the analyser. A schematic of the EA 125 analyser is shown in Fig. 2.8. Figure 2.8: Schematic diagram of the EA 125 hemispherical analyser. The principle of operation of concentric hemispherical analyser is shown schematically in Fig. 2.9. It consists of two concentric hemispheres of radii R 1 (inner hemisphere) and R 2 (outer hemisphere) with mean radius R 0 mounted with a common centre O. A potential V is applied between the two hemispheres so that the outer is
Experimental Techniques 35 negative and the inner positive with respect to V 0 which is the median equipotential surface between the hemispheres. Figure 2.9: The principle of operation of the concentric hemispherical analyser, schematic diagram. If E p is the kinetic energy of an electron travelling in an orbit of radius R 0 , then the relationship between E p and V 0 is given by the expression, eV 0 = E p · ( R2 − R ) 1 R 1 R 2 (2.21) The voltages on the inner and outer hemispheres are V 1 and V 2 respectively and these are given by, V 1 = E p · V 2 = E p · (a) Modes of analyser operation ( 2 R ) 0 − 1 R 1 ( 2 R ) 0 − 1 R 2 (2.22) (2.23) The kinetic energy can be scanned either by varying the retardation ratio whilst holding the analyser pass energy constant known as constant analyzer energy (CAE)
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SPECTROSCOPIC INVESTIGATIONS OF THE
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iii To My Parents
Page 5 and 6: Maharana, P. Khare, D. K. Basa, K.
Page 7 and 8: List of Publications/Preprints [1]
Page 9 and 10: Synopsis The perovskite type mangan
Page 11 and 12: to the t 2g and e g spin-up states
Page 13 and 14: Bibliography [1] R. von Helmolt, J.
Page 15 and 16: Contents CERTIFICATE Acknowledgemen
Page 17 and 18: List of Figures 1.1 Temperature dep
Page 19 and 20: 2.2 Schematic view of the energetic
Page 21 and 22: 3.4 O K edge x-ray absorption spect
Page 23 and 24: Chapter 1 Introduction 1
Page 25 and 26: Introduction 3 The temperature and
Page 27 and 28: Introduction 5 Figure 1.2: Schemati
Page 29 and 30: Introduction 7 Figure 1.4: A schema
Page 31 and 32: Introduction 9 Figure 1.6: Schemati
Page 33 and 34: Introduction 11 Figure 1.8: Differe
Page 35 and 36: Introduction 13 Figure 1.10: A sche
Page 37 and 38: Introduction 15 Figure 1.12: Schema
Page 39 and 40: Introduction 17 Figure 1.13: Phase
Page 41 and 42: Bibliography [1] R. von Helmolt, J.
Page 43 and 44: Introduction 21 [31] Damien Saurel,
Page 45 and 46: Chapter 2 Experimental Techniques 2
Page 47 and 48: Experimental Techniques 25 Figure 2
Page 49 and 50: Experimental Techniques 27 Let us n
Page 51 and 52: Experimental Techniques 29 and G(k,
Page 55: Experimental Techniques 33 point wi
Page 59 and 60: Experimental Techniques 37 ∆E = E
Page 63 and 64: Experimental Techniques 41 ( ) dσ
Page 65 and 66: Experimental Techniques 43 The expe
Page 67 and 68: Experimental Techniques 45 are weld
Page 77 and 78: Bibliography [1] H. Hertz, Ann. Phy
Page 79 and 80: Experimental Techniques 57 [35] K.
Page 81 and 82: Chapter 3 Electronic Structure of P
Page 83 and 84: Electronic Structure of Pr 0.67 Ca
Page 95 and 96: Bibliography [1] I. G. Deac, J. F.
Page 99 and 100: Chapter 4 Electronic Structure of P
Page 101 and 102: Electronic Structure of Pr 1−x Ca
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Electronic Structure of Pr 1−x Ca
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Electronic Structure of Ca 0.86 Pr
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Bibliography [1] C. Zener, Phys. Re
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Summary and Conclusions 109 In this
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PHYS07200604007 Manas Kumar Dala - Homi Bhabha National ...

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