Determinants of Emotional Experiences in Traffic Situations ... - OPUS

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114 Emotional States of Drivers and Their Impact on Driving Behaviour! Table 4: Multiple linear regressions of anger and personal characteristics on driving parameters in the second study Corr R 2 F df B β Sig. DV Velocity (km/h) .320 6.97 5, 74 .001 Baseline 81.79 Anger 2.39 .30 .006 Driving Motivation 3.18 .35 .003 Driving Experience 0 -.02 .875 Gender 6.32 .37 .001 DAS -1.05 -.06 .538 DV Acceleration (m/s 2 ) .155 2.71 5, 74 .026 Baseline 0.37 Anger 0.03 .31 .010 Driving Motivation 0.01 .13 .293 Driving Experience 0 -.17 .163 Gender 0.04 .22 .065 DAS -0.03 -.14 .216 DV Lateral Acceleration (m/s 2 ) .250 4.96 5, 74 .007 Baseline 1.14 Anger 0.11 .33 .003 Driving Motivation 0.07 .18 .137 Driving Experience 0 -.11 .309 Gender 0.27 .38 .001 DAS -0.09 -.13 .235 Speeding (%-share of track) .359 8.27 5, 74 .001 Baseline 42.11 Anger 5.56 .31 .003 Driving Motivation 6.76 .33 .003 Driving Experience 0 -.01 .947 Gender 16.54 .44 .000 DAS -2.69 -.07 .468 Bold F-Values are significant at p < .05; Gender was coded with 0 = female and 1 = male
Introducing a Multivariate Model for Predicting Driving Performance 115 As in study one, mean driving speeds were positively affected by reported anger (β = .30, t(75; 5) = 2.85; p < .006), driving motivation (β = .35, t(75; 5) = 3.11; p < .003) and gender (males drove faster; β = .37 t(75; 5) = 3.62; p < .001). Longitudinal acceleration was only influenced by anger levels and people driving angrily speeded up more quickly (β = .31, t(75; 5) = 2.63; p < .010); all other determinants were not significant. The model for lateral acceleration could identify anger (β = .33, t(75; 5) = 3.04; p < .003) and gender (again, males; β = .38, t(75; 5) = 3.49; p < .001) as positive influences for higher lateral acceleration. The longitudinal driving parameters yielded a high correlation with speeding (mean correlation r = .48; p < .001). This is mirrored by the set of factors influencing this violation and it encompasses anger (β = .31 t(75; 5) = 3.05; p < .003), driving motivation (β = .33, t(75; 5) = 3.04; p < .003) and male drivers β = .44, t(75; 5) = 4.34; p < .001). The results were very similar to those from the first study and they strongly indicated that highly motivated angered males were prone to drive faster, accelerate stronger and show a tendency to higher lateral accelerations. Path analysis revealed similar model fits compared to study one and all in all, they were very strong: The range of the χ 2 -, CFI- and RMSEA- Values of all four models was between 2.31 – 4.80, 0.961 – 1.0 and 0.0 – 0.087 respectively. Analogous to the multiple regressions, the path models revealed a consistent influence between anger levels and driving parameters (coefficients range from β = .27 - .29). Anger itself was influenced by trait anger tendencies (β = .22 - .23) and driving motivation (β = .24 - .29) but not gender (β = 0.0 - .01) or driving experience (β = .04). Still, gender had a direct positive effect on all driving parameters (β = .24 - .44), meaning that males were driving faster (and over the legal limit) and accelerating more strongly (longitudinal and lateral). The same positive pattern could be observed with driving motivation (β = .23 - .37). !
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Determinants of Emotional Experienc
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Acknowledgements I would like to th
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Abstract Emotions play a prominent
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2.3.2.2.5 Testing H5 ..............
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List of Tables Chapter 2: The Emoti
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Introduction 11 1. Introduction 1.1
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Introduction 13 (Deffenbacher et al
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Introduction 15 emotions varies vas
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Introduction 17 Therefore, a precis
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Introduction 19 On the behavioural
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Introduction 21 A coherent model of
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Introduction 23 Chliaoutakis, J.E.,
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Introduction 25 Giegling, I., Hartm
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Introduction 27 Reason, J., Manstea
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Introduction 29 Ulleberg, P., (2001
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The Emotional Spectrum in Traffic S
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