Determinants of Emotional Experiences in Traffic Situations ... - OPUS

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Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................ 11 1.1# PROLOGUE#.................................................................................................................................................#11# 1.2# DEFINITION#OF#EMOTION#.........................................................................................................................#14# 1.3# GENERATION#OF#EMOTION#.......................................................................................................................#15# 1.4# INTER6INDIVIDUAL#DIFFERENCES#IN#EXPERIENCING#EMOTIONS#...........................................................#17# 1.5# EMOTION#AND#BEHAVIOUR#......................................................................................................................#18# 1.6# RESEARCH#QUESTIONS#OF#THE#DISSERTATION#.......................................................................................#19# 1.7# REFERENCES#..............................................................................................................................................#22# ! 2. THE EMOTIONAL SPECTRUM IN TRAFFIC SITUATIONS: RESULTS OF TWO ONLINE STUDIES ...................................................................................................................... 30 2.1# INTRODUCTION#.........................................................................................................................................#31# 2.2# STUDY#1#.....................................................................................................................................................#33# 2.2.1 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK AND HYPOTHESES ....................................................................... 33 2.2.2 METHOD .................................................................................................................................... 35 2.2.2.1 Participants ............................................................................................................................. 35 2.2.2.2 Stimulus Material ................................................................................................................... 35 2.2.2.3 Questionnaires and Emotion Assessment .............................................................................. 36 2.2.2.4 Procedure ............................................................................................................................... 37 2.2.3 RESULTS .................................................................................................................................... 39 2.2.3.1 Occurrence of Reported Emotions and Their Relationship to Personal Characteristics ........ 39 2.2.3.2 Testing the Hypotheses: Appraisal Factors and Emotions ..................................................... 40 2.2.3.2.1 Testing H1 ........................................................................................................................... 41 2.2.3.2.2 Testing H2 ........................................................................................................................... 42 2.2.3.2.3 Testing H3 ........................................................................................................................... 43 2.2.3.2.4 Testing H4 ........................................................................................................................... 45 2.2.4 DISCUSSION: APPRAISAL-FACTORS, TASK DEMAND AND ELICITED EMOTIONS IN THE FIRST STUDY ....................................................................................................................................... 48 2.3# STUDY#2#.....................................................................................................................................................#50# 2.3.1 METHOD .................................................................................................................................... 51 2.3.1.1 Stimulus Material, Experimental Measures and Procedure ................................................... 51 2.3.2 RESULTS .................................................................................................................................... 53 2.3.2.1 Occurrence of Reported Emotions and Their Relationship to Personal Characteristics ........ 54 2.3.2.2 Testing the Hypotheses: Appraisal Factors and Emotions ..................................................... 56 2.3.2.2.1 Testing H1 ........................................................................................................................... 56 2.3.2.2.2 Testing H2 ........................................................................................................................... 57 2.3.2.2.3 Testing H3 ........................................................................................................................... 58 2.3.2.2.4 Testing H4 ........................................................................................................................... 60
2.3.2.2.5 Testing H5 ........................................................................................................................... 60 2.3.3 DISCUSSION: APPRAISAL-FACTORS AND ELICITED EMOTIONS IN THE SECOND STUDY .......... 64 2.4# GENERAL#DISCUSSION#AND#CONCLUSION#................................................................................................#66# 2.5# REFERENCES#..............................................................................................................................................#69# ! 3. EMOTIONAL STATES OF DRIVERS AND THEIR IMPACT ON DRIVING BEHAVIOUR – A SIMULATOR STUDY ................................................................................ 74 3.1# INTRODUCTION#.........................................................................................................................................#75# 3.2# METHOD#....................................................................................................................................................#78# 3.2.1 PARTICIPANTS ........................................................................................................................... 78 3.2.2 APPARATUS ............................................................................................................................... 78 3.2.3 STIMULUS MATERIAL ............................................................................................................... 78 3.2.4 DESIGN ...................................................................................................................................... 79 3.2.5 EXPERIMENTAL MEASURES ...................................................................................................... 79 3.2.6 PROCEDURE ............................................................................................................................... 80 3.3# RESULTS#....................................................................................................................................................#80# 3.3.1 OCCURRENCE OF REPORTED DRIVERS’ EMOTIONS .................................................................. 80 3.3.2 DETERMINANTS OF THE DRIVERS’ EMOTIONS: RELATION TO APPRAISAL FACTORS ............... 81 3.3.3 DETERMINANTS OF THE DRIVERS’ EMOTIONS: PERSONAL FACTORS ...................................... 82 3.3.4 EMOTIONS AND DRIVING BEHAVIOUR ...................................................................................... 84 3.4###GENERAL#DISCUSSION#AND#CONCLUSION#................................................................................................#88# 3.5###REFERENCES#..............................................................................................................................................#93# ! 4. INTRODUCING A MULTIVARIATE MODEL FOR PREDICTING DRIVING PERFORMANCE: THE ROLE OF DRIVING ANGER AND PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS ................................................................................................................. 99 4.1# INTRODUCTION#......................................................................................................................................#100# 4.2# STUDY#1#..................................................................................................................................................#104# 4.2.1 METHOD .................................................................................................................................. 104 4.2.1.1 Participants ........................................................................................................................... 104 4.2.1.2 Stimulus Material ................................................................................................................. 104 4.2.1.3 Design .................................................................................................................................. 104 4.2.1.4 Apparatus ............................................................................................................................. 105 4.2.1.5 Experimental Measures ........................................................................................................ 105 4.2.1.6 Procedure ............................................................................................................................. 105 4.2.2 RESULTS .................................................................................................................................. 106 4.2.2.1 Occurrence of Reported Drivers’ Emotions and Personal Characteristics .......................... 106 4.2.2.2 Determinants of the Drivers’ Emotion: Personal Factors .................................................... 106 4.2.2.3 Emotions, Personal Characteristics and Driving Behaviour ................................................ 107 4.2.3 DISCUSSION OF THE FIRST STUDY .......................................................................................... 110 !
Page 1 and 2: Determinants of Emotional Experienc
Page 3 and 4: Acknowledgements I would like to th
Page 5: Abstract Emotions play a prominent
Page 9 and 10: List of Tables Chapter 2: The Emoti
Page 11 and 12: Introduction 11 1. Introduction 1.1
Page 13 and 14: Introduction 13 (Deffenbacher et al
Page 15 and 16: Introduction 15 emotions varies vas
Page 17 and 18: Introduction 17 Therefore, a precis
Page 19 and 20: Introduction 19 On the behavioural
Page 21 and 22: Introduction 21 A coherent model of
Page 23 and 24: Introduction 23 Chliaoutakis, J.E.,
Page 25 and 26: Introduction 25 Giegling, I., Hartm
Page 27 and 28: Introduction 27 Reason, J., Manstea
Page 29 and 30: Introduction 29 Ulleberg, P., (2001
Page 31 and 32: The Emotional Spectrum in Traffic S
Page 49 and 50: 49 The Emotional Spectrum in Traffi
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57 The Emotional Spectrum in Traffi
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The Emotional Spectrum in Traffic S
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Emotional States of Drivers and The
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Introducing a Multivariate Model fo
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127 General Conclusion impact is si
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