Module 9: Control Techniques - International Association of Fire ...

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IAFF Training for Hazardous Materials: Technician© Student Text Special Considerations Fire in MC 306/DOT 406 Cargo Tanks MC 306/DOT 406 cargo tanks are usually constructed out of aluminum and are likely to be carrying fuels. They are used in almost every jurisdiction in North America to deliver gasoline and fuel oil. Fires involving these cargo tanks are frequent so you should prepare for them. Chemicals carried in these kinds of tankers often cause large fires characterized by heavy smoke and radiant heat. Fires traveling a distance from the container, fueled by rivers of product, are also a distinct possibility. Because of their aluminum construction, MC 306/DOT 406 cargo tanks will melt rather than build up internal pressures that could cause catastrophic breaching. If the tank does melt, there will be massive product released and the remaining container (if any) will become a large open-topped vessel. Non-Pressure Cargo Tank Consider these incidents the same as any large scale flammable liquid fire. Rescue of persons trapped by the fire or radiant heat should be a priority; however, it may not be possible to accomplish without a secure and adequate water supply. You will need adequate personnel to handle numerous streams. It is often best to use large caliber, unmanned deluge sets in areas of high risk. 9-42 Module 9: Control Techniques
Student Text IAFF Training for Hazardous Materials: Technician© These fires can be extinguished with the appropriate fire fighting foam (for hydrocarbons, AFFF or protein will work) at a specific rate for at least 15 minutes. Formulas for calculating flow rates and amounts of foam and water are contained in NFPA 11, Technical Standard of Low Expansion Foam and Combination Agents. AFFF foam will help suppress vapors after the fire is extinguished due to its film-forming capability. Whenever possible, provide barriers to escaping burning liquid. This will help reduce surface area and decrease heat production. The availability of adequate water and foam reserves is the key factor in your team’s ability to handle or extinguish a fire in MC 306/DOT 406 cargo tanks. Incident Commanders must carefully weigh their resources against their strategic goals. Water and/or foam may only be available to conduct rescue and protect exposures. If this is the case, the IC should delay extinguishing operations until adequate resources are on scene. Module 9: Control Techniques 9-43
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