YoGA FoR AnGeR MAnAGeMent
YoGA FoR AnGeR MAnAGeMent
YoGA FoR AnGeR MAnAGeMent
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YOGA FOR<br />
ANGER<br />
MANAGEMENT<br />
Published by<br />
Swami Vivekananda Yoga Prakashana<br />
#19, Eknath Bhavan, Gavipuram Circle, Kempegowda Nagar, Bengaluru - 560019<br />
City Office - Ph: 080-26612669 Telefax: 080-26608645<br />
Prashanti Kutiram Campus - Ph: 080-22639996<br />
E mail: svyasa@svyasa.org Web: www.svyasa.org
Contents<br />
Ch.No. title Page No.<br />
1 INTRODUCTION<br />
2 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF<br />
THE VOCAL SYSTEM<br />
3 CAUSES OF INJURY TO THE<br />
VOCAL SYSTEM<br />
4 VOCAL DISORDERS AND<br />
VOICE DISORDERS<br />
5 VOICE CULTURING<br />
DEVELOPING MUSICAL TALENTS<br />
6 VOICE CULTURE FOR<br />
DEVELOPING ORATION<br />
7 YOGA PRACTICES FOR<br />
VOICE CULTURE
Yoga for Anger Management | 7<br />
INTRODUCTION<br />
Anger is something that is inbuilt into our system. It appears<br />
as if we cannot survive without anger. Is really anger necessary<br />
for survival? Yes. If there is going to be some enemy or<br />
some danger or some attack, if you don’t invoke anger, then<br />
you may not be able to run away from that danger. You may<br />
not be able to fight with the enemy. You may not be able to<br />
escape from danger. So ‘anger’ is something which is not always<br />
an enemy. Anger is nature’s protective mechanism to<br />
help us cope up with dangerous situations where we need to<br />
fight with the damaging or demanding situations. But are we<br />
really using anger only in such situations where we really have<br />
to fight? Are there situations in our life which really need anger?<br />
In the present day life style, there are several situations<br />
probably 99 out of 100 situations where anger is unnecessary.<br />
Unnecessarily we get irritated starting from childhood<br />
right up to the old age. We are becoming a slave to anger<br />
and that is where the management of anger, handling anger,<br />
understanding anger is required. What happens when we are<br />
angry? Why is it so difficult<br />
to handle our anger, is what<br />
we should understand and<br />
use these techniques that<br />
you are going to learn here in<br />
Yoga to manage anger. What<br />
is the mechanism of anger?<br />
What exactly is happening<br />
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8 | Yoga for Anger Management<br />
when we say that we are angry?<br />
For this in Bhagavadgeeta, we<br />
get a very nice shloka in which<br />
Bhagavan Sri Krishna is talking<br />
about the mechanism of how<br />
we end ourselves into a loop of<br />
anger thoughts which draws us<br />
like a whirlpool. Imagine a person who is a great swimmer.<br />
He got into a river to swim. He is enjoying the river. He is a<br />
professional swimmer. He has got enormous capacity to swim.<br />
He has enough muscle strength and he enters into an adventure<br />
of entering into a fierce river. He is still able to enjoy the<br />
river. He enjoys swimming. After a few minutes of enjoying<br />
that, he tries to go to the left side of the river where the river<br />
is fiercer. He wants to be a little more adventurous. But he<br />
does not know that this part of the river is pulling him into the<br />
whirlpool. What is a whirlpool? Whirlpool is rewinding of the<br />
speeded up flow of the river. In that whirlpool, however good a<br />
swimmer he is, he is in the rewinding of the forced water flow<br />
in that turbulence, going to be drawn. He is going to be killed.<br />
This is exactly what happens in our mind, when we allow ourselves<br />
to get drawn by anger.<br />
Let us take an example of how this builds up. For example, if<br />
somebody has insulted you, somebody has hurt your feelings.<br />
Then you get angry. What the sages want us to understand<br />
is: when you are in that state of mind where you are terribly<br />
angry, because somebody has insulted you, please analyze<br />
what is happening in your mind. What are the thoughts in<br />
the mind? Mind is defined as a flow of sentences on the back-<br />
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Yoga for Anger Management | 9<br />
ground of wakefulness. The wakeful<br />
screen on which the sentences<br />
are repeating. This is the mind.<br />
Mind is nothing but the thinking<br />
apparatus. So in this thinking apparatus<br />
what are the thoughts?<br />
Horrible fellow, useless fellow, he<br />
has insulted me in front of everyone, I cannot tolerate this.<br />
You heard the sound of these four sentences. It fells on your<br />
ear and the ear amplified it, the sound went to the ear Cochlea<br />
where the sound vibrations are getting converted into electrical<br />
activity. This electrical current goes to the brain and in the<br />
brain, this sound is bombarding the electrical current and this<br />
entire chain of events of thinking starts. So when the thinking<br />
process is going on in the mind, what are you doing? Horrible<br />
fellow, useless fellow, how could he insult me in front of<br />
everyone. I just cannot tolerate this. Let me hurt him, these<br />
sentences are rewinding very fast in the mind and that is what<br />
we call as anger. This anger<br />
is the one which perco lates<br />
into the body, which percolates<br />
into the heart, percolates<br />
into our system<br />
and makes your eyes<br />
red, face red and the<br />
whole body tenses up<br />
and pushes the energy,<br />
pushes the prana into an<br />
arm, you want to go and<br />
punch him. So the situation<br />
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occurs and the sound that comes from the<br />
outside, interpreted in the brain and the brain<br />
generates these four sentences only which are<br />
rewinding at a fast speed. This repetition of<br />
sentences pulls you like a whirlpool and you<br />
get lost. That is why it is said ‘Kaama Krodha<br />
udbhavam vegam’. The Udvega (speed) is the<br />
one which we have to learn to understand and of course, how<br />
to handle this? How to work on this? It is something that we<br />
have to get trained.<br />
Now, let us come to the understanding of what are the steps<br />
in handling this vega? What are the steps of understanding<br />
this phenomena called anger? How this unnecessary anger is<br />
destructive? How this unnecessary anger, emotional surge is<br />
making me get lost? How this unnecessary emotional surge of<br />
repeated sentences in the mind is making me spoil my presence<br />
of mind? Behaving erratically, behaving anti-socially create<br />
problems both for myself and the business. Therefore let<br />
us see what are all the steps in this progress of anger and<br />
how we can handle this. How these techniques which we are<br />
learning in these chapters are going to help us to handle this<br />
anger? Please start applying these techniques in your day<br />
to day situations and observe the result. Regular practice of<br />
these techniques will help you to lessen the degree of anger,<br />
lessen the speed of anger and start developing mastery over<br />
anger and preventing you from getting this anger. Prevention<br />
is better than cure. So first prevent getting angry by regular<br />
daily 45 minutes practice of these techniques that you are<br />
learning and start applying these at the moment, you get an-<br />
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Yoga for Anger Management | 11<br />
gry. In the next Chapters we will see how you can apply these<br />
techniques through this understanding and see that at that<br />
moment when you are getting angry, you can get away from<br />
this anger reaction.<br />
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STEPS IN ANGER MANAGEMENT<br />
Let us begin with a story. Once two friends, let us say Rama<br />
and Shyama went to the teacher, a Guru in a very remote<br />
Ashram and asked, Sir please give us Deeksha. Then Guru<br />
asked, why do you children want Deeksha? They said, Sir, we<br />
have to do Yoga by doing this Mantra Japa and Deeksha, we<br />
will be able to get very good happiness. We can also get lot of<br />
powers, so we want to learn, sir. Then the master said, OK.<br />
You please go back home and come back after six months and<br />
in these six months, you should not get angry for anything,<br />
come back and that is the test for you to go on for this Deeksha.<br />
Rama and Shyama were very happy. They said, OK sir.<br />
Nothing should make you angry. You should never get angry.<br />
Go back home, be normal, be on your normal activities. When<br />
you come back report to me, then I will give you Deeksha,<br />
said the sage. So Rama and Shyama went. Rama went to his<br />
village, Shyama returned to his village. Six months are over.<br />
They both are going to meet their Guru. They met on the Tank<br />
Bund. Hello, Hello how are<br />
you, all that and then Rama<br />
asked Shyama, Oh! Shyama<br />
did you manage not to get anger<br />
for the last six months?<br />
How was it? Yeah, I never<br />
got angry, I have passed my<br />
test. Then Shyama asked<br />
Rama, have you not got an-<br />
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Yoga for Anger Management | 13<br />
gry? How was it? I never got angry, said Rama. After some<br />
time again Shyama asked Rama you never got angry for the<br />
last six months? No. No anger. I never got angry, Rama replied.<br />
Rama asked Shyama you never got angry for the last<br />
six months? Can you not remember even one single episode<br />
where you got angry? Are you very sure? Shyama said, I never<br />
got angry. One more step later, Rama asked Shyama again,<br />
you never got angry for the last six months? Then Shyama<br />
says, Yeah, how many times you are asking me? There came<br />
the anger. So anger, if you think that you have mastered, it<br />
comes back with double the force. So in Anger Management,<br />
we have to be very conscious.<br />
To recognize that I am<br />
angry is a very important<br />
step. So there are five steps<br />
in our Anger Management.<br />
The first step is when you<br />
don’t even know that you<br />
are an angry person. I had<br />
a very good friend of mine.<br />
Her father was an extremely<br />
angry person. When we are young every parent will be worried<br />
when the daughter comes home late in the evening. The<br />
parents will be angry and shout at the girls. One day, I also<br />
accompanied my friend to her home because, she was feeling<br />
little scared. We both went and I was very close to her father.<br />
We were having very good relationship. On reaching her house,<br />
the father was very angry at the daughter. He was starting to<br />
shout at her. Then I requested her father, Sir, it was nothing<br />
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wrong, we were sitting and studying. We were doing combined<br />
studies and there is nothing wrong with your daughter. That<br />
is why I have accompanied her. Her father started shouting at<br />
me also. You people don’t understand. Then I said, sir, please<br />
don’t get angry and shout. Reply was: Where am I getting<br />
angry, I am not getting angry. You are the one who is irritating<br />
me more. I am not an angry person. I am not angry. He<br />
started saying that I am not angry.<br />
That is why, when a couple comes to me for counseling, if I<br />
have to find out from somebody that he is an angry person, I<br />
don’t ask him, are you an angry person? I will ask his or her<br />
spouse, what do you think if he or she is an angry person? The<br />
first thing is, we behave like animals. What is the animal like<br />
response? Situation, anger, response. Situation: somebody<br />
insults you, irritates you, provokes you or some frustration or<br />
something else not happened in the way you want, then immediately<br />
we get an anger reaction and we get lost in that wave<br />
because we express blast away. This is the first thing that we<br />
do, we do not even know that I am lost in the whirlpool, I am<br />
lost in the wave, I am lost in the speed of my mind, I am lost<br />
in my anger response.<br />
Then the second step is, we have been hearing here and there<br />
that while reacting like this you are spoiling your relationship,<br />
you are spoiling your job, you are spoiling your business. So<br />
you start recognizing that OK I am an angry person, I must<br />
reduce my anger. So you start becoming aware. So I want to<br />
change myself is a very first step in our Anger Management.<br />
That awareness that I can change, I want to change, I need to<br />
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change, is the first step. Otherwise most people do not even<br />
think that they need to handle their anger. Only when they get<br />
heart attack, when the doctor tells that you have to calm down<br />
on your irritable nature, then you will start doing something<br />
about it. So recognizing that I am an angry person, I want to<br />
overcome that and this is harmful to me and harmful to the<br />
society around, it is spoiling my relationship, so let me start<br />
working on that, is the first step in the Anger Management.<br />
Second step : Then comes a stage when we become aware<br />
and we start holding our anger.<br />
Third step. Recognizing and then starting to hold our anger<br />
response. So situation is somebody has irritated you and immediately<br />
you produce a reaction. Then you say yah I should<br />
not get angry. If I get angry now, my job is going to get spoiled.<br />
So inside a counter thought comes. So mind, reaction, horrible<br />
fellow, useless fellow, terrible fellow, but inside efficacy,<br />
diplomacy, wanting to change myself, my introspective suggestions<br />
say, stop, stop don’t show your anger. OK sir, yes<br />
sir, fine sir, from outside you are showing your smiling face.<br />
Inside you are boiling. This is the suppression of anger.<br />
Then comes, the next<br />
stage, which is more<br />
important. See already<br />
you have started developing<br />
that control; you<br />
have started developing<br />
that mastery. This<br />
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mastery phase is what Patanjali calls as Chitta Vritti Nirodhaha.<br />
To control the mind is Yoga. So you have started controlling<br />
in the name of efficacy, in the name of growth, in the<br />
name of diplomacy, in the name of successful productive Person.<br />
We have learnt to control this. But don’t you think in the<br />
present day life style it is this progressive, successful, ambitious<br />
Type A personality person who is all the time on the go,<br />
wanting to achieve things who is very highly provoked with<br />
situation because there are too many situations where provocation<br />
leading to suppression happens repeatedly is the one<br />
who gets affected. Outside you have to keep a very pleasant<br />
diplomatic smile on your face. Isn’t this the one which is causing<br />
all the psycho-physiological problems? Problems of heart<br />
attack, acidity, sleeplessness, joint pains, so many of these<br />
modern diseases are all because of suppressed anger which is<br />
a manifestation of some degree of control that we have already<br />
developed. So let us see how Yoga offers techniques of not<br />
suppressing nor expressing. Expressing is animal; suppression<br />
is human but is causing problems. So let us see how to<br />
grow from this level to become masters of our mind so that<br />
anger is no longer a botheration to you rather it helps you.<br />
In the last two episodes we have understood how we have to<br />
learn to move on from our instinctual behavior of responding<br />
through speeded up repeated sentences in our mind in the<br />
form of anger, response to demanding situations to becoming<br />
aware that I should change and then move on and go ahead.<br />
We also understood how suppression is not the right answer.<br />
In suppression you are holding an anger loop, as repeating<br />
of sentences. So every time you try to handle your anger, we<br />
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always find an excuse, and mind always says that look, you<br />
have to be angry because this person has committed a mistake,<br />
this person is at fault. The problem is outside. To shift from<br />
there and say that although the person is at fault, although<br />
the problem is outside, I need not get angry and start holding<br />
it, suppression starts happening and suppression leads to<br />
many of the problems. So what is the next step then? Next<br />
step or better way of handling our anger is to come out of this<br />
speeded up loop of responses, speeded up sentences, horrible<br />
fellow, and terrible fellow, useless fellow, I feel like smashing<br />
up. This speed we have to reduce. So that is what we keep<br />
saying that you please get angry, but get angry slowly. Horrible<br />
fellow…., useless fellow…, I feel like smashing you up…..<br />
If you start repeating the sentences in your mind at a slow<br />
rate, would you call it as anger? It is not anger at all. But how<br />
do you do it? How can you do it? Is it really possible to slow<br />
down the mind? See first step is to recognize that we were getting<br />
lost. I should not be angry is itself a great step and then<br />
to be able to handle that violent upsurge of energy, violent<br />
upsurge of prana that is coming up and hitting against your<br />
head which is making you think that fast, how do I reduce that<br />
speed? Yogic techniques say that when you have this anger<br />
speed, a big surge of energy, big surge of vital energy, prana is<br />
being drawn to the head region and it is bombarding against<br />
your head region. So what you should do therefore is, first<br />
shift the prana from the head region to the lower region and<br />
spend away that prana. Instead of spending that big energy<br />
in the form of horrible fellow, useless fellow and saying and<br />
spoiling the situation, you shift it down and push it down,<br />
spend away that prana in the form of fast breathing. What<br />
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you should be telling in your mind, my God I am so angry, it is<br />
all so fast, let me push the prana go down, anger go down and<br />
then get a little exhausted by doing that. If you have hypertension<br />
and all that, do it vigorously but with this awareness that<br />
I am doing this fast breathing only to shift the prana from the<br />
head region to the lower region of the body. Once I got terribly<br />
angry with somebody who was insulting the organization and<br />
I could not handle my anger. I tried doing this kapalabhati.<br />
Then also, I could not manage. Then what I did was OK, let<br />
me push my prana from the head region down to lower parts<br />
of the body. So, I started jogging, I started pushing and then<br />
after about 20 strokes, slow breathing, slow breathing and<br />
then slow breathing one omkara, five times omkara and then<br />
go back to the same situation, horrible fellow, useless fellow,<br />
he is insulting every one. OK, if he is insulting, it is his opinion.<br />
Why should I get upset about it. When you create a space<br />
in your mind by pushing the prana down, then you are able<br />
to find space. What came out in that space was your inner<br />
ability, your inner answer, your inner kshama, your inner stability,<br />
your inner confidence, your inner right answer saying<br />
that OK that is his opinion let him have his opinion. If he is<br />
misbehaving, why should I get so irritated and hurt my heart.<br />
Let him do what he wants to do. But let me tackle it in a different<br />
way. Not by getting irritated, agitated or suppressing<br />
my anger, but let me first handle my anger. If husband and<br />
wife are having irritating dialogues then, first step is, to move<br />
away from that place. I am reminded of Brahmakumaris who<br />
say that when the couples take Deeksha, they are asked to<br />
take an oath. What is the oath? As soon as the heat builds up<br />
in the dialogue, one of you should move away from the room.<br />
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So when there are two hands only, there can be a clap. As<br />
soon as the heat starts building up, one of you should move<br />
out. This is an oath you are supposed to take when you want<br />
Deeksha of a meditator. So move away from the situation. If<br />
bombarding thought is still present, spend it away in the form<br />
of prana being diverted to the lower regions of the body. Then<br />
slow down, then calm down, then get the inner calmness.<br />
I would like to tell you a story<br />
here in which you should<br />
realize that if you don’t react<br />
at all, how you can survive<br />
in this world is a very common<br />
prashna, common question<br />
that many of you might<br />
be facing. There was a village.<br />
At the outskirt of<br />
a village there was a big<br />
banyan tree. There lived<br />
a Kala Nag, a black Cobra.<br />
It was a very angry,<br />
very venomous Cobra.<br />
If anybody passed that<br />
way, immediately the cobra<br />
would hit and then kill the person. Once it so happened<br />
that a Sage was walking that way and all the children of the<br />
village ran behind him and said Sir, Swamiji don’t go this way.<br />
There is a big Cobra, Kala Naga. It will kill you, don’t go that<br />
way. Sage said, OK, never mind even if I get killed nothing will<br />
happen and he walked. When he walked, the big cobra came.<br />
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It was about to hit. The sage then asked the Cobra, why is it<br />
so angry? Why do you hit everybody who passes this way? If<br />
you are hungry, you have to kill a frog. What are you going to<br />
gain by killing people around you? They are not hurting you.<br />
Then the Cobra said, sorry I agree, I understand, but I cannot<br />
control my anger, what should I do? Then Swamiji gave a<br />
Deeksha Mantra to the Cobra and the Cobra started doing lot<br />
of Mantra-Japa and chanting and all that and it became very<br />
quiet. Sage walked out and all the children who were walking<br />
said, vah, cobra is now chanting japa and the cobra was doing<br />
japa, no anger, no hitting and no killing. Children came near,<br />
held the cobra, touched the cobra and now it became so sober<br />
that it could not even kill the frog for its survival. Children<br />
held it and turned it around. So the Cobra was all wounded.<br />
One day, the Sage came back. Sage saw that this Cobra was<br />
in a very terrible shape, wounded, under nourished. The sage<br />
asked what had happened. Then the cobra said, due to the<br />
power of your Mantra, now I can’t even get a frog to eat. Then<br />
the sage said something very important. Sage said to the Cobra,<br />
my dear Naga, I asked you not to bite, but did I ask you<br />
not to hiss. So as a master of anger, you are not going to get<br />
lost in the speeded up response in your mind, you are not going<br />
to be a slave to the anger. You can be a master. So you<br />
can hiss when required, like a mother. When the child is not<br />
doing the homework, what will the mother say? If you don’t do<br />
your homework, I won’t allow you to see Cartoon. Is that going<br />
to hurt the child? Is that going to produce a heart attack to<br />
the mother? No. But if she is angry, really angry and shouts<br />
at somebody, then she hurts herself. Therefore learn to hiss.<br />
If you are a master of your anger, you can use anger as a mas-<br />
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ter, not as a slave. So the speed of the mind is required to be<br />
kept under control. Switch off, when not required and switch<br />
on when required is the trick of the Yoga and for that use some<br />
physical practices, breathing practices, meditation practice,<br />
chanting practice etc., let us learn to handle our anger.<br />
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BODILY REACTIONS WITH ANGER<br />
Anger is an emotion which all of us are very familiar with.<br />
Particularly in the city of Bangalore or in any of the other metropolitan<br />
cities of India, people are familiar with traffic jams.<br />
So just imagine a scene like this. You are stuck in traffic jam.<br />
You are in a hurry to go somewhere and someone comes across<br />
the road in the wrong direction and you feel annoyed. Now<br />
you have two choices. You can either go through all the experiences<br />
of anger and express anger or you may not go through<br />
all the experiences of anger but express anger. What would be<br />
the difference? In both cases if you express anger, the person<br />
would get your message and he may make the necessary correction.<br />
If you yourself actually experience anger there are a<br />
number of facts behind it and we will discuss here.<br />
What really happens to our body when we are angry? In order<br />
to understand this, we have to go back in time millions of<br />
years and think of all Stone Age man. Stone Age Man did not<br />
face threats like crossing the road or angry boss or deadline.<br />
Stone Age Man faced threats like facing a wild animal, may be<br />
a fight with another Stone Age Man and his body has to gear<br />
up over the challenges by either of the two ways i.e., fighting<br />
or by fleeing from the situation by running away. Now in order<br />
to fight or flee there are certain changes which occur in the<br />
body. Just think what you would need to do to either fight or<br />
flee. Well, you will require more Blood Sugar and more energy.<br />
Blood Pressure has to go up to see that enough blood reaches<br />
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the muscles. The heart would have to pulsate very quickly<br />
and at greater forces and of course, faster breathing and obviously<br />
breath-rate becomes more. Experiencing and expressing<br />
anger are extremely dangerous for health. Then what is the<br />
option? Many times people are trained not to express anger.<br />
Imagine a totally different scene a person who is working in an<br />
office and has a very annoying boss who blames him for everything<br />
that goes bad and this person who is in the office, has<br />
been trained from childhood to please his parents, to please all<br />
authority figures and then he talks very nicely to the boss every<br />
morning. He shows that he is very pleased with him. But<br />
inside he is boiling with rage. Is this good for health? It is not.<br />
In fact, such personalities have been called type “C” personality.<br />
The type “C” personality is a person who suppresses the<br />
emotions repeatedly. If you suppress your emotions, it is not<br />
going to be good for health. The disease which has been most<br />
common with suppressed emotions is quite a serious disease<br />
even today and that is Cancer. That is why we say, ‘anger’ is<br />
such a powerful emotion.<br />
So now let us see is it good to experience anger and run the<br />
risk of developing diabetes or hypertension? Is it good to suppress<br />
anger and run the risk of developing the disease like<br />
Cancer? Or is it better to do something else? Let us think<br />
what that something else could be? For this, I am going to give<br />
you yet another example and this is an example of a Manager<br />
of a Company. Imagine that you have a very nice Manager. He<br />
wants all his employees to be happy. He goes on holiday and<br />
when he comes back from holiday, he finds that all of them are<br />
totally laid back. Some of them have gone on leave, other peo-<br />
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ple are sitting around and talking something among them, still<br />
others are sitting on the tables, on the desks, may be surfing<br />
the net for something which is totally unconnected with their<br />
job. He is a very nice Manager. He does not shout. He says<br />
very gently, don’t do this. I expect you to work as well when I<br />
am away as when I am there and he thinks his message has<br />
gone home. Over the years the Manager goes on holiday again<br />
and he returns from holiday and finds just exactly the same<br />
scene. Now what should he do? He should ideally express<br />
emotions, express anger. Why? If he expresses anger at this<br />
time, the employees would get the message that they are doing<br />
something wrong. If he continuously remains unconcerned<br />
about it, then they would get wrong message. But what is the<br />
key here? He should be able to express that he is angry but<br />
not have any of those bad changes that occur in the body. His<br />
blood sugar should not go up. He should not have any tension<br />
in the muscles; his blood pressure should not go up. In other<br />
words, Yoga will really help. Learn how to express anger when<br />
we need to, but not really experience all the unpleasant consequences<br />
of anger. So there will be a deep peace within you and<br />
the person is totally unperturbed. But he is expressing anger<br />
effectively. Thus we see that anger can be experienced but one<br />
may need to face bad consequences. Anger can be suppressed<br />
but it has very bad consequences. Through Yoga training, we<br />
can effectively learn to manage anger and learn yoga successfully<br />
so that we no longer experience anger, but only express it<br />
as and when it is required in different situations. This will be<br />
unfolded in the subsequent chapters.<br />
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YOGA FOR ANGER MANAGEMENT<br />
A MOVE FROM LYMBIC BRAIN TO CEREBRAL CORTEX<br />
As we all know anger is an emotion familiar to all of us and<br />
quite obviously that it is generated in our brain. So let us look<br />
at our brain and try to understand where and how anger is<br />
generated and what we can do to our brain to reduce the anger<br />
response, because in last chapter we saw how bad anger is for<br />
us. Anger is an emotion which is experienced by almost all<br />
species. What do I mean by that? You have more primitive life<br />
forms like reptiles, you have a bird, you have a fish, you have<br />
mammals, of course at the top of the scale, you have man and<br />
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all of them experience and express aggression and anger in<br />
different forms. In the brains of all living vertebrates there<br />
are certain areas which can actually generate what is called<br />
the aggression or anger response. So in other words when a<br />
crocodile is provoked a part of the brain is activated and very<br />
interestingly the identical part of the brain is activated when<br />
a man is angry. So in other words whenever we are angry, we<br />
are behaving just like a crocodile, or just like a shark, or just<br />
like an eagle or any primitive, we call them living a primitive<br />
form of life. But fortunately for man, there are not just these<br />
sorts of most primitive areas of the brain which are located<br />
in what is called emotional brain or the Limbic brain. There<br />
is also something much more newly developed, much more<br />
sophisticated called the cerebral cortex. Let us look briefly at<br />
the Cerebral Cortex.<br />
When we talk of a person being intelligent we say he has lot<br />
of grey matter. We also talk a lot about white matter. Grey<br />
matter refers to the nerve cells and we actually have in our<br />
skulls about 1.4 Sq. Mtrs of grey matter that means nerve<br />
cells. Imagine it like 1.5 Sq. Mtrs of cloth folded up inside our<br />
skull and this constitutes what is called the Cerebral Cortex.<br />
This thinking brain is really what makes man so different, so<br />
special compared to a crocodile or a shark or even a Chimpanji<br />
or a Gorilla. The thinking brain is what allows us to make<br />
choices and as we saw in the last chapter, it is important to<br />
be able to express anger sometimes but not go through all<br />
the psychological feelings of anger and that choice whether to<br />
express it or not and experience it or not can happen if we activate<br />
our thinking brain or cerebral cortex. Now the Cerebral<br />
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Cortex is essentially the main part of our brain immediately<br />
below the skull. But among all parts below the skull which is<br />
most important in dealing with our emotions? A part which<br />
is most important is that which lies behind our forehead and<br />
this is called the Frontal Cortex. Through a small story you<br />
can understand its importance.<br />
About 100 years ago, there was a person who was working<br />
on a road. At that time working on roads was a very laborious<br />
process where people were to use Gunpowder and had<br />
Steel Rods or the metal rods with which they had to break<br />
stones. So this person was using Gunpowder and blasting the<br />
rocks and in this process, something really terrible happened<br />
to him, the metal rod went right through the forehead through<br />
the skull. One would imagine that after a terrible accident like<br />
that the person would die immediately. But that did not happen.<br />
This person continued to live for another twenty years.<br />
But was he normal? The answer is no. He was drastically<br />
altered. From a very peace loving, quiet and good citizen he<br />
became extremely aggressive, abusive and the type of person<br />
who would be easily arrested and be in Police custody. Why?<br />
The part of the brain which lies immediately behind the skull,<br />
the Frontal Cortex that is really vital to help us behave within<br />
the norms laid down by the society that is damaged in his<br />
case. This part is so vital that it has become commonly known<br />
as the Character Cortex. Then how should we train our brain<br />
to function more at the cortical level and less at the level of our<br />
instincts or at the reptilian level? How then do we train the<br />
part of the brain which is there in a shark or in a reptile and<br />
how then do we cultivate the part of the brain which is pecu-<br />
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liar to human beings so that we can make choices when to get<br />
angry or whether to get angry or not. Today we would see how<br />
specific yoga techniques can help us to realize the possibility<br />
of activating cortical areas so that intellect can overrule our<br />
instinct and in this way we can control and regulate our anger<br />
responses. This should be extremely good for us because it<br />
is very common experience for all of us. Sometimes we say<br />
something in an angry moment and later we regret it. How<br />
nice it would be if we would have the choice before saying the<br />
thing itself to decide whether we should say it or not? That is<br />
why Yoga has such a big role to play.<br />
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HOW YOGA WORKS<br />
FOR ANGER MANAGEMENT<br />
In the last two Chapters we have seen that why anger is a<br />
natural phenomena and a natural emotion that has several<br />
bad consequences. You have also seen that there are certain<br />
parts of the brain which can help us to regulate our control<br />
when we want to get angry and whether we should get angry or<br />
not. Now we will look at different Yoga practices and see how<br />
through the practice of yoga we can gradually calm down the<br />
mind and regulate our anger responses. For those of you who<br />
are familiar with yoga practices, you would know that there<br />
are several practices. There are Yoga Postures called Āsanas.<br />
There are cleansing practices called Kriyās and there are voluntarily<br />
regulated breathing practices called Prāṇāyāmās and<br />
Meditation. I am going to tell you a bit about the philosophy<br />
of yoga. The scientific research about how each of these practices<br />
(with one or two examples of each) help us in regulating<br />
anger.<br />
Let us take physical postures to begin with. Anyone who<br />
has started practicing yoga, you may remember as a first time<br />
practitioner in doing yoga posture your body tends to rebel.<br />
There are certain muscles which are never used for example,<br />
when we bend forward and try to touch our toes and those<br />
muscles send the signal to the brain that they have been<br />
stretched and this message is indeed almost like a message<br />
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of pain. Now what one gradually<br />
has to learn to do is to<br />
regulate this message so that<br />
we do not experience it again<br />
but you gradually learn to<br />
comfort the pain, discomfort<br />
into the feeling of calmness,<br />
into the feeling of tranquility. So even though the muscle is<br />
telling you straighten up I don’t want to be pressed in this<br />
way, you gradually train the muscle to be relaxed in that position<br />
and in so doing the muscle sends message to the brain<br />
that you are relaxed. So it is like a cycle. The muscle which<br />
is being unduly strained in a particular posture sends a message<br />
to the brain but the brain does not respond and this is<br />
the whole essence of yoga postures, yoga āsanas, learning to<br />
relax even when you experience discomfort. This of course not<br />
extreme discomfort and that is why this is so important that<br />
we practice Postures under the guidance of a Yoga Guru so<br />
that you can get to know the important difference between the<br />
postures in which you actually experience discomfort which<br />
can be harmful and postures in which you actually experience<br />
discomfort but which you are able to bear and is harmless.<br />
Now we move on to the next set of practices which are voluntary<br />
regulated breathing Prāṇāyāmās. There are a number of<br />
practices which are useful in regulating breathing and in particular<br />
three of them need to be mentioned which help people to<br />
reduce blood pressure and probably reduce anger. Definitely<br />
these practices reduce blood pressure. These are Alternative<br />
Nostril Breathing called Nadishuddhi Prāṇāyāma or Anuloma-<br />
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viloma Prāṇāyāma. There is also breathing<br />
only through the left nostril which has been<br />
called Chandra Anuloma Viloma Prānāyāma<br />
and the third one is Bhramari where a person<br />
breathes out with a humming Sound like<br />
a honey bee. Meditation is trickier. If a person<br />
is very angry and he closes the eyes and<br />
attempts to meditate, such a person is likely<br />
to have angry thoughts rushing around him.<br />
Fortunately there is something such people<br />
can do and that is a very special technique<br />
called cyclic meditation. It is actually developed<br />
in Swami Vivekananda Yoga Research<br />
Foundation, by the founder director of this institution, Dr. H<br />
R Nagendra. This technique actually consists of cycles of Supine<br />
rest when a person lying flat and a few yoga postures.<br />
They are not just trying to relax, in between there is something<br />
they are doing to keep themselves busy and this technique<br />
is very ideal for people who are highly stressed, who are very<br />
anxious, people who are very angry. We have seen remarkable<br />
benefits of this in terms of reduced physiological stress,<br />
the blood pressure going down, less oxygen consumed. Stress<br />
level also reduces at the same time this technique is extremely<br />
wonderful because people preserve their levels of awareness.<br />
In other words we don’t want to be so relaxed that you cannot<br />
do your job. Cyclic meditation is a wonderful blend, where<br />
there is deep relaxation but alertness is preserved. We have<br />
been using it for a number of stress management programmes<br />
in various companies. In fact the most recent research that<br />
shows not just that cyclic meditation reduces stress in the day<br />
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time in the research paper (it is shortly to appear in medical<br />
science monitor), we have shown that the practice of cyclic<br />
medication twice in the day increases what is called deep sleep<br />
or slow wave sleep in the night. There are lots of reasons here<br />
why one should practice āsanas? Why one should practice<br />
prāṇāyāma techniques particularly the three that are mentioned<br />
above; special emphasis being on cyclic meditation.<br />
But apart from these practices there is a certain philosophical<br />
approach which is needed in yoga. Equally important is<br />
the practice of physical postures, voluntary regulated breathing.<br />
Meditation is the philosophical component. Yoga cannot<br />
be considered in isolation as only physical postures or only<br />
breathing or only meditation. We need to have a certain attitude<br />
of mind for yoga to be complete. Yoga is after all a way<br />
of life and I hope this will take you effectively into the practice<br />
session and we can benefit a lot by yoga practice. Practicing<br />
postures breathing techniques, meditation and all that at the<br />
back drop of certain philosophical bent of mind.<br />
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ANGER MANAGEMENT<br />
SHAKTHI VIKASAHA<br />
• Anguli Shakthi Vikasaha<br />
• Bhujabhanda Shakthi Vikasaha<br />
• Jangha Shakthi Vikasaha<br />
• Pindalini Shakthi Vikasaha<br />
• Bhujaìgäsana and parvathasana<br />
• Kaponi Shakthi Vikasaha<br />
YOGÄSANAS<br />
• Trikoëäsana<br />
• Virabhathrasana 1<br />
• Virabhathrasana I1<br />
• Vrabhathrasana I1I<br />
• Makaräsana<br />
• Veerasana<br />
BREATHING PRACTICES<br />
• Dog breathing<br />
• Rabbit breathing<br />
PRÄËÄYÄMA<br />
• Candra anuloma viloma<br />
• Nädi Suddhi<br />
• Stitali<br />
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• Nädi Suddhi with kumbhka<br />
• Candra anuloma viloma<br />
KRIYÄS<br />
• Kapala Bhati – left nostril<br />
BANDHAS AND MUDRÄS<br />
• Uttiyäna Bandha<br />
• Sästänga Namaskära Mudrä<br />
• Agnisara<br />
• Janusirasasana with jalantharbhanda<br />
MEDITATION<br />
(Examine the raise and growth of emotions)<br />
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YOGA PRACTICES<br />
FOR ANGER MANAGEMENT<br />
ANGULI SAKTI VIKÁSAKA (Fingers)<br />
Sthiti: Tádásana<br />
PRACTICE<br />
• With exhalation, throw out your<br />
arms in front, keeping them parallel<br />
to the ground at shoulder<br />
level.<br />
• Simultaneously give the fingers of<br />
both arms the shape of the hood<br />
of a cobra.<br />
• Now, stiffen the entire length of<br />
the arms from the shoulder joints<br />
to the finger tips as much as you<br />
can so that they start trembling.<br />
• Inhaling bring the palms to chest.<br />
• Repeat 10 times.<br />
Note<br />
• Tighten the arms until they start trembling.<br />
BHUJA BHANDA SAKTI VIKÁSAKA (Arms)<br />
Sthiti: Tádásana<br />
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PRACTICE<br />
• Make fists of your hands with<br />
the thumbs tucked in.<br />
• Bend the elbows and raise the<br />
forearms till they are parallel to<br />
the ground (forming 90o with<br />
the upper arm), and the fists<br />
facing each other.<br />
• Now, push both the right arm<br />
forwards forcefully and vigorously<br />
to the level of the shoulder<br />
with exhalation.<br />
• Then, pull it back to the starting position with inhalation.<br />
• Repeat 10 times.<br />
• Repeat with left hand. Repeat for 10 times.<br />
• Repeat the same thing with both hands together.<br />
• Repeat twenty times.<br />
Note<br />
• When pushed forward, the arms should be parallel to the<br />
ground and palms facing up.<br />
• When pulled back, the elbows must not go back beyond the<br />
body (i.e., the starting position).<br />
JANGHA SAKTI VIKÁSAKA (THIGHS)<br />
Sthiti: Tádásana<br />
Variation 1:<br />
• Stretch out the arms straight in front at shoulder height,<br />
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palms facing downwards.<br />
• While inhaling bend your knees gradually<br />
till your thighs come parallel to the<br />
ground.<br />
• Hold the breath and maintain this position.<br />
• Come up while exhaling.<br />
• Repeat 5 times.<br />
Note<br />
• The knees must be together throughout<br />
the practice.<br />
• You must not raise the heels or toes from the ground at any<br />
time during the practice.<br />
• If you find it difficult to hold the breath, you can do it with<br />
normal breathing initially for a few days.<br />
• Keep the arms parallel to the ground all through.<br />
• Keep the back, neck and head as erect as possible.<br />
Variation 2:<br />
• Stretch out the arms straight in front<br />
at shoulder height, palms facing downwards.<br />
• While inhaling bend your knees gradually<br />
till you come to squating.<br />
• Hold the breath and maintain this position.<br />
• Come up while exhaling.<br />
• Repeat 5 times.<br />
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Note<br />
• The knees must be together throughout the practice.<br />
• You must not raise the heels or toes from the ground at any<br />
time during the practice.<br />
• If you find it difficult to hold the breath, you can do it with<br />
normal breathing initially for a few days.<br />
• Keep the arms parallel to the ground all through.<br />
• Keep the back, neck and head as erect as possible.<br />
Variation 3:<br />
• Inhaling jump spread your legs away come on toes, raise<br />
the hands up bring them close together above the head. ( No<br />
clapping )<br />
• Exhaling bring the legs together and drop the hands come<br />
down to tadasana.<br />
• Repeat 10 times.<br />
Variation 4:<br />
• Exhaling jump spread<br />
your legs away come on<br />
toes, raise the hands<br />
up bring them close together<br />
above the head.<br />
( No clapping )<br />
• Inhaling bring the legs<br />
together and drop the<br />
hands come down to<br />
Tadasana.<br />
• Repeat 10 times.<br />
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Variation5:<br />
• Stretch the hands on both sides of the body at the shoulder<br />
level horizontally. Exhaling, bend the knees and spreading<br />
the knees with maximum separation come down raising the<br />
heels, heels together.( Do not sit on the heels).<br />
• Inhaling come up.<br />
• Repeat 10 times.<br />
PINDALI SAKTIVIKÁSAKA (CALVES)<br />
Sthiti: Tádásana<br />
PRACTICE:<br />
• Clench the fists and stretch your<br />
arms forward at shoulder height.<br />
• While inhaling, squat and go<br />
down as far as you can.<br />
• Holding your breath, stand up<br />
while your arms describe one<br />
full circle in the style of rowing a<br />
boat.<br />
• On completion of the circle, the<br />
arms should be held before the chest, fists<br />
touching each other.<br />
• Then exhale sharply while pulling the arms<br />
slightly backward and expanding the chest.<br />
• Repeat ten times.<br />
Note<br />
• Maintain balance of the body throughout the practice.<br />
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• The knees should remain close to each other all through.<br />
• The feet should remain on the ground all through.<br />
BHUJANGASANA AND PARVATASANA<br />
Sthiti: Prone Sthiti<br />
PRACTICE:<br />
• Place the palms at the level<br />
of the last rib bones. Elbows<br />
close to the body. Tuck the<br />
toes. Inhaling, raise the<br />
head, chest, abdomen up<br />
making the back concave<br />
and the only parts of the<br />
body touching the ground<br />
are palms and toes.<br />
• This is Bhujangasana position.<br />
• While exhaling raise the<br />
hips up bring the head<br />
down coming into inverted<br />
V pose. In this position palms and foot touch the ground.<br />
This is Parvatasana position.<br />
• Repeat to go into bhujangasana position with inhalation and<br />
Parvatasana position with exhalation.<br />
• Repeat 10 times.<br />
KAPHONI SAKTI VIKÁSAKA (Elbows)<br />
Sthiti: Tádásana<br />
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PRACTICE<br />
• Stretch the arms straight down beside the body, palms facing<br />
upward.<br />
• Inhale, bend the arms at the elbows<br />
• Exhaling, stretch them straight.<br />
• Repeat twenty times.<br />
Note<br />
• The upper arms should remain stationary.<br />
• The fists must come up to the level of the shoulders but<br />
should not touch the shoulders and then down straight.<br />
• The fists must, not touch the thighs when they come<br />
down.<br />
YOGASANAS<br />
TRIKONÁSANA<br />
Sthiti: Tádásana<br />
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PRACTICE<br />
• While inhaling, take the right leg away from the left by<br />
about a meter and raise both the hands simultenously till<br />
they reach the horizontal position.<br />
• Slowly bend to the right side until the right hand reaches<br />
the right foot. The left arm is straight up, in line with the<br />
right hand. Palms face forward. Stretch up the left arm and<br />
see along the fingers.<br />
• Maintain for about one minute with normal breathing.<br />
• Return slowly to Sthiti.<br />
• Repeat on the left side.<br />
Benefits<br />
Helps in preventing flat foot, strengthens the Calf and thigh<br />
muscles, corrects curvatures of back, strengthens the waist<br />
muscles and makes the spine flexible.<br />
Limitations<br />
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People who have undergone recent abdominal surgery , slip<br />
disc or sciatica may avoid this posture.<br />
VIRABHADRASANA-1:<br />
Sthiti: Tadasana<br />
PRACTICE:<br />
Stand in Tadasana. Raise both the<br />
arms and adopt namaskar above<br />
the head. Take the right leg away<br />
from the left by about one meter.<br />
Turn the right foot rightway by 90<br />
Degrees. Bending the right leg at<br />
the knee bring the right thigh parallel<br />
to the ground making 90 Degrees<br />
angle at right knee. Slightly<br />
turn the left foot towards right side.<br />
Look up at the palms. Maintain the<br />
posture for half minute. Come out<br />
the same way.<br />
Benefits:<br />
Relieves the stiffness in shoulders and back, tones up the ankles<br />
and knees and cures stiffness of the neck. It also reduces<br />
the fat around the hips.<br />
VIRABHADRASANA-2:<br />
Sthiti: Tadasana<br />
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PRACTICE:<br />
Stand in Tadasana.<br />
Raise both the arms and<br />
stretch them to the sides<br />
at the shoulder level parallel<br />
to the ground. Take<br />
the right leg away from<br />
the left by about one<br />
meter. Turn the right<br />
foot rightway by 90 Degrees.<br />
Turn the body to<br />
the right side. Bending<br />
the right leg at the knee bring the right thigh parallel to the<br />
ground making 90 Degrees angle at right knee. Slightly turn<br />
the left foot towards right side. Look at the right palm. Maintain<br />
the posture for half minute. Come out the same way.<br />
Benefits:<br />
Leg muscles become shapely and stronger. It relieves crams<br />
in the calf and thigh muscles. Brings elasticity to the leg and<br />
back muscles and also tones the abdominal organs.<br />
VIRABHADRASANA-3:<br />
Sthiti: Tadasana<br />
PRACTICE:<br />
Stand in Tadasana. Raise both the arms and adopt namaskar<br />
above the head. Take the right leg away from the left by about<br />
one meter. Turn the right foot rightway by 90 Degrees. Bend-<br />
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ing the right leg at the knee bring the right thigh parallel to the<br />
ground making 90 Degrees angle at right knee. Slightly turn<br />
the left foot towards right side. Inhale, raise the left leg up simultaneously<br />
straightening the right leg at the knee, bringing<br />
the front part of the body parallel to the ground. In this position,<br />
the whole body weight on the right leg and the rest of the<br />
body perpendicular to this leg and is parallel to the ground.<br />
Maintain with balance for half minute and return.<br />
Benefits:<br />
Balances the body. Balances the mind. Tones the abdominal<br />
organs. Makes the leg muscles strong.<br />
MAKARASANA:<br />
Sthiti: Supine sthiti<br />
PRACTICE:<br />
• Lie down on the abdomen.<br />
Legs apart,<br />
heels inwards.<br />
Right palm on the<br />
left shoulder, left<br />
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palm on the right shoulder. Chin on the cross of both the<br />
hands.<br />
• Gives nice relaxation. Normalizes the Blood Pressure.<br />
VEERASANA:<br />
Vira means a hero, warrior, champion. This sitting posture is<br />
done by keeping the knees together, spreading the feet and<br />
resting them by the side of the hips. The pose is good for meditation<br />
and pranayama.<br />
Technique<br />
• Kneel on the floor. Keep the knees together and spread the<br />
feet about 18 inches apart.<br />
• Rest the buttocks on the floor, but not the body on the feet.<br />
The feet are kept by the side of the thighs, the inner side<br />
of each calf touching the outer side of its respective thigh.<br />
Keep the toes pointing back and touching the floor. Keep<br />
the wrists on the knees, palms facing up, and join the tips of<br />
the thumbs and forefingers. Keep the other fingers extended.<br />
Stretch the back<br />
erect.<br />
• Stay in this position<br />
as long as you can,<br />
with deep breathing.<br />
• Then rest the palms<br />
on the knees for a<br />
while.<br />
• Now interlock the<br />
fingers and stretch<br />
the arm straight over<br />
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the head, palms up.<br />
• Stay in this position for a minute with deep breathing.<br />
• Exhale, release the finger lock, place the palms on the soles,<br />
bend forward and rest the chin on the knees.<br />
• Stay in this position for a minute with normal breathing.<br />
• Inhale, raise the trunk up, bring the feet forward and relax.<br />
• If you find it difficult to perform the pose as described<br />
above, try placing the feet one above the other and rest the<br />
buttocks on them. Gradually move the toes further apart,<br />
separate the feet and bring them to rest outside the thighs.<br />
Then, in time the buttocks will rest properly on the floor and<br />
the body will not rest on the feet.<br />
Effects<br />
• The pose cures rheumatic pains in the knees and gout, and<br />
is also good for flat feet. Due to the stretching of the ankles<br />
and the feet, proper arches will be formed. This, however,<br />
takes a long time and requires daily practice of the pose for<br />
a few minutes for several months. Those suffering from pain<br />
in the heels or growth of calcaneal spurs there will get relief<br />
and the spurs will gradually disappear.<br />
• The pose can even be done immediately after food and will<br />
relieve heaviness in the stomach.<br />
BREATHING PRACTICES<br />
DOG BREATHING<br />
Sthiti: Dandasana<br />
PRACTICE<br />
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• Fold the right leg at the knee<br />
and sit on the right heel.<br />
• Fold the left leg also at the knee<br />
sit on both heels.<br />
• Place the palms of the hands on<br />
the ground beside the knees.<br />
• Make the spine slightly concave<br />
and fix the gaze straight ahead.<br />
• The mouth is opened wide,<br />
the tongue is pushed out to its<br />
maximum. Practice rapid, forceful<br />
inhalation and exhalation,<br />
expanding and contracting the<br />
abdomen vigorously.<br />
• Repeat the practice for 30 seconds.<br />
• Relax in Sasáñkásana.<br />
• Feel the automatic stoppage of breath. It helps to reduce the<br />
rush of anger. It helps to throw away the anger. The inner<br />
rush of energy is now governed. Relax.<br />
Note<br />
Since this dynamic nature of practice is a form of hyperventilation,<br />
epileptics and high blood pressure patients should<br />
avoid it.<br />
RABBIT BREATHING<br />
Sthiti: Dandasana<br />
PRACTICE<br />
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• Fold the right leg at the knee and<br />
sit on the right heel.<br />
• Fold the left leg also at the knee<br />
sit on both heels.<br />
• Keeping the knees together, bend<br />
forward and rest the forearms on<br />
the floor, keeping the elbows by<br />
the side of the knees and palms<br />
flat on the ground.<br />
• Maintain the head at a distance of<br />
one hand length from the ground<br />
to chin. Open your mouth partially.<br />
Protrude the tongue partially.<br />
Touch the lower lip resting on the lower set of teeth.<br />
• Gaze at a point about 2 feet on the ground in front of you.<br />
• Pant quickly like a rabbit, using only the upper part of the<br />
chest. Feel the air moving beautifully in and out of the lungs.<br />
Feel the expansion and contraction of the chest muscles.<br />
• Continue for 20 to 40 breaths.<br />
• Close your mouth and relax in Sasankásana. Stretch your<br />
hands forward with the forehead resting on the ground. Feel<br />
the relaxation of chest and thorax. Allow your breath to return<br />
to normal.<br />
Note<br />
• Breathe rapidly through the mouth only, using the thoracic<br />
muscles.<br />
• Make sure that the abdomen presses on your thighs, preventing<br />
any abdominal movement.<br />
• Do not drop your head on to the floor.<br />
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Pranayama<br />
CANDRA ANULOMA VILOMA PRÁÏÁYÁMA<br />
Sthiti: Dandasana<br />
PRACTICE<br />
• Adopt Násika Mudrá with your right<br />
hand.<br />
• Close the right nostril with the tip of<br />
the thumb.<br />
• Inhale and exhale slowly through<br />
the left nostril (Candra Nádi) only.<br />
• Keep the right nostril closed all the<br />
time during the practice.<br />
• One cycle of inhalation and exhalation<br />
forms one round.<br />
• Practice nine rounds.<br />
• This practice helps to deel with all<br />
the energy imbalances which is the<br />
root cause for anger. Allow the mind<br />
to calm down.<br />
Note<br />
• Time taken for exhalation should be<br />
longer than inhalation.<br />
• Anxiety patients may practice this Práïáyáma 27 rounds<br />
before breakfast, lunch, dinner and before sleep (4 times a<br />
day).<br />
NÁDISUDDHI PRÁNÁYÁMA<br />
Sthiti: Dandasana<br />
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PRACTICE<br />
• Sit in any meditative<br />
posture.<br />
• Adopt Násika Mudrá.<br />
• Close the right nostril<br />
with the right thumb<br />
and exhale completely<br />
through the (left) nostril.<br />
Then inhale deeply<br />
through the same left<br />
nostril.<br />
• Close the left nostril<br />
with your ring and little<br />
finger of the Násiká<br />
Mudrá, release the right<br />
nostril. Now exhale slowly and completely through the right<br />
nostril.<br />
• Inhale deeply through the same (right) nostril. Then close<br />
the right nostril and exhale through the left nostril. This is<br />
one round of Nádiùuddhi práïáyáma.<br />
• Repeat nine rounds.<br />
Note<br />
• This practice helps to maintain balance between Nádis.<br />
• If you feel headache, heaviness of the head, giddiness, uneasiness<br />
etc.<br />
• it means you are exerting much pressure on the lungs.<br />
• The first symptoms of correct practice is the feeling of freshness,<br />
energy and lightness of the body and mind.<br />
Benefits<br />
Physical :<br />
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It promotes balance between the two nostrils apart from<br />
cleansing the nasal tract. It increases the vitality. Metabolic<br />
rate decreases as in case of all other Práïáyáma practices. It<br />
increases the digestive fire and appetite.<br />
Therapeutic :<br />
It lowers the levels of stress and anxiety by harmonising the<br />
práïas. It is beneficial in respiratory disorders such as Bronchial<br />
asthma, Nasal allergy, Bronchitis etc.<br />
Spiritual :<br />
It induces tranquility, clarity of thought and concentration.<br />
It clears pranic blockages and balances Ida and Pingala<br />
nádis,causing Shuúumna nádi to flow which leads to deep<br />
states of meditation and spiritual awakening. It helps to maintain<br />
Brahmacharya which is a pre-requisite for spiritual progress.<br />
Limitations<br />
No Limitations.<br />
SITALI PRÁNÁYÁMA<br />
Sthiti: Dandasana<br />
PRACTICE<br />
• Place the palms resting on the thighs.<br />
• Stretchthe tongue forward partly out of the<br />
mouth and fold it so as to resemble the beak<br />
of a crow.<br />
• Slowly suck in the air through the beak<br />
and feel the jet of cool air passing down the<br />
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throat into the lungs.<br />
• Slowly exhale through the nostrils, feeling the movement of<br />
warm air all the way up from the lungs through the throat<br />
and the nasal passages.<br />
• This completes one round of Sitali Pránáyáma.<br />
• Repeat nine rounds.<br />
• This helps to throw away anger. There is washing away<br />
of CO2. Cleansing takes place. Activates right brain. The<br />
breath stops automatically. Allow it. This helps to reduce<br />
anger.<br />
Kriyas<br />
• Kapalabhati-left nostril: Close the right nostril with the<br />
thumb with Nasika Mudra.<br />
• Exhale vigorously by flapping the abdomen though left nostril.<br />
Inhalation is passive.<br />
Bandhas and mudras<br />
Uddiyána Bandha and Agnisára<br />
Sthiti: Tádásana<br />
PRACTICE<br />
• Stand with the legs 2 to 3 feet apart, bend<br />
forwards slightly from the waist and place<br />
the palms on the thighs with the arms<br />
straight.<br />
• Make yourself quite comfortable in this position.<br />
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Stage I: Uddiyána Bandha<br />
• Exhale completely through the mouth by vigorously contracting<br />
the abdominal muscles.<br />
• Simultaneously press the hands against the thighs, tighten<br />
the arms, shoulders, neck muscles and lift up the ribs.<br />
• As a result of this, the diaphragm automatically rises up,<br />
producing a concave depression of the abdomen. The abdominal<br />
wall gets sucked in as if to press the spine.<br />
• Hold this condition as long as comfortable.<br />
• Then inhaling slowly release the abdominal muscles and<br />
return to the upright position.<br />
• Rest for a while and then go for the next round.<br />
• Repeat 5 rounds.<br />
Stage II: Agnisára<br />
• In the position of Uddiyána Bandha, move the abdominal<br />
wall in and out vigorously like a pump as many times as you<br />
can (while holding the breath in exhalation). This movement<br />
of the abdominal wall is done through mock inhalations &<br />
exhalations i.e., it seems as if one is inhaling and exhaling<br />
whereas it is not so.<br />
• Then stop the movement of the abdominal wall, release the<br />
bandha and while inhaling come up to Tádásana and relax.<br />
• Repeat a few times.<br />
Benefits<br />
• Helps in deeling with our anger.<br />
• It massages the abdomen, stimulating the associated nerves,<br />
strengthening the muscles and encouraging optimum health<br />
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of the abdominal organs.<br />
• It improves blood circulation to the whole trunk area and<br />
strengthens all the internal organs.<br />
• It is a panacea for many abdominal & stomach ailments including<br />
constipation, indigestion, and diabetes.<br />
JÁNU SIRSÁSANA WITH JALANDHARA BANDHA:<br />
Sthiti: Dandásana<br />
PRACTICE<br />
• Bend the right leg along the ground, placing the heel against<br />
the perineum and the sole touching the inner side of the left<br />
thigh.<br />
• Place the palms by the side of buttocks keeping the spine<br />
erect.<br />
• While inhaling raise the arms above the head.<br />
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• While exhaling slowly bend forward and hook the big toe of<br />
the left foot with the index fingers. Press both the thumbs on<br />
the big toe.<br />
• In the final position try to touch the forehead to the knee.<br />
The elbow joints touch the ground. Adopt Jalandhara Bandha.<br />
Hold the breath.<br />
• Then release Jalandhara Bandha, while inhaling return to<br />
the starting position. Relax in<br />
Sithila Dandásana.<br />
• Repeat the same practice with the left leg.<br />
Note<br />
• The knee of the bent leg should be on the floor.<br />
• Do not bend the straight leg while in the final position.<br />
• Bend forward and try to touch forehead to the knee as far as<br />
comfortable.<br />
• In the final position keep the back muscles relaxed and use<br />
the arm muscles to hold the toe for maintaining the position.<br />
MEDITATION<br />
Examine the raise and growth of emotion:<br />
Sit in any meditative posture and close the eyes.<br />
Observe the changes going on in the body. Breath in the<br />
whole body gets energized. Breath out the whole body feels<br />
the lightness. Recall an incident in which you are very angry.<br />
Energy has gone up. Slowly breath out with slow exhalation.<br />
Inhale see the energy rushing up. Exhale and feel the relax-<br />
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ation. Emotions are coming up and emotions are dissolving<br />
into silence. Feel the movement of the energy pattern. Smile<br />
on the face. As you exhale whole body getting relaxed.<br />
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