geothermal resource potential of the safford-san simon basin, arizona

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flow. A fault zone(s) is inferred to provide the vertical conduit for thermal water flow at Indian Hot Springs. Projection of the NNW-striking Pleistocene zone of faults in the Cactus Flat-Artesia area across the Indian Hot Springs location is possible. The springs are on strike with the Cactus Flat fault zone; and the Gila River changes course to conform with the inferred trace of this fault zone (Figure ~. In addition, Muller (1973) shows degradation of chemical quality in shallow wells «6Sm) which are downstream from the inferred trace of the Cactus Flat zone. Sodium chloride water may leak upward along the fault and flow into shallow floodplain aquifers. Another fault, crossing the Indian Hot Springs area, is inferred from gravity data and from geologic investigations at Big Springs. Big Springs, east of Indian Hot Springs in D-6-2S-S, is centered on a WNW alignment of springs. Deformation of basin-fill sediments is observed in arroyo walls just below Big Springs. Laminated clay deposits (green clay facies) are tilted and faulted. Mud intrusions along shears and faults suggest liquification during deformation. This deformation is pre-ancestral Gila River gravels, which are in angular unconformable contact with underlying deformed basin-fill sediment. Faults are oriented N2S o W and show downward displacement to the north. This exposure is interpreted by the writer as antithetic deformation on the hanging wall of a large unexposed normal fault which may control spring alignment. The spring alignment at Big Springs can be projected northwest through Eden Spring and across Indian Hot Springs. Apparently, Indian Hot Springs are controlled by a fault(s) which allows vertical flow out of deep «1 km) artesian aquifers. At least two deep wells in the area, the Mary Mack well and the Mount 31
Graham Mineral Bath well, discharge sodium chloride water with cation and anion ratios similar to Indian Hot Springs. Temperatures of water produced by the artesian wells are all within 110C of Indian Hot Springs (48 o C). The 1,148-meter Mary Mack well, D-6-24-l3AB encountered five water-producing zones below 495 meters; and the well discharged 2,250 gpm of 58.9 0 C water, which had a sodium chloride composition and 3,530 mg/l TDS (Knechtel, 1938) (see driller's log in appendix 2). The Mount Graham Mineral Bath well, D-6-25-36CBB, discharges 610 gpm (files, USGS, Tucson) 46 o C, sodium chloride water with a TDS ranging from 4,431 to 8,292 mg/l. This well, formerly called the Smithville Canal well, was drilled in 1957 to a total depth of 659 meters. Lithology in the well is mudstone to 312 meters depth (green clay of Harbour (1966), gypsiferous siltstone/mudstone and gypsum from 312 to 488 meters depth (evaporite facies of Harbour, 1966) and "volcanic" sand from 488 to 659 meters depth (basal conglomerate of Harbour, 1966) (files, USGS, Tucson). All water flow in this well apparently enters the borehole below 488 meters depth. A rather large and extensive low-temperature (40 to 70 o C) geothermal reservoir is indicated in the Gila Valley by the deep wells and the hot springs. Near the Gila River, the top of the reservoir is approximately 500 meters deep and may reach to 1 km in depth. The reservoir probably extends in the subsurface from Thatcher to Fort Thomas. Continuation of the reservoir beneath Safford is possible; however, the reservoir depth is probably much greater than 500 meters. A schlumberger resistivity sounding (Figure 7) centered in D-8-26-2C and modeled as a three-layer earth, shows 219 meters of 6.5 ohm-meter rock (Probably the green clay facies of Harbour, 1966) and 853 meters of 0.5 ohm-meter rock (probably the evaporite facies of Harbour, 1966, and/or possibly sand and gravel containing thermal, saline water) (Phoenix, 32
Page 1: GEOTHERMAL RESOURCE POTENTIAL OF TH
Page 5 and 6: TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE List Of Figu
Page 7 and 8: FIGURES FIGURE 1 FIGURE 2 FIGURE 3
Page 9 and 10: TABLES TABLE 1 TABLE 2 2A 2B 2C 2D
Page 11: INTRODUCTION o In the Safford-San S
Page 14 and 15: Land Status Figure 2 shows land own
Page 16 and 17: asin are published in Andreasen and
Page 18 and 19: 114° 112° IIO O 108° 106° 104°
Page 20 and 21: I.D ". ". '. ". ..... ",/" '. ~~~ ~
Page 22 and 23: side of the mountains and coincide
Page 24 and 25: stress fields may dilate some of th
Page 26 and 27: I-' Ln !' .. "," "" ,,... P.c Tucso
Page 28 and 29: The upper basaltic andesite, overly
Page 30 and 31: over an inferred decollement in the
Page 32 and 33: attitudes of the thrust faults, rev
Page 34 and 35: gradation is observed only in certa
Page 36 and 37: to depth of 555 meters (Knechtel, 1
Page 38 and 39: asal conglomerate facies of the low
Page 40 and 41: Indian Hot Springs-Gila Valley Intr
Page 44 and 45: DWG. NO.-R.-IJ.-~ CALCULATED THICKN
Page 46 and 47: Geophysics, 1979). Nearby at Saffor
Page 48 and 49: Buena Vista Area Introduction More
Page 50 and 51: / I / / / / / / / / / / I / / / / /
Page 52 and 53: 33 34 31 T6S T7S
Page 54 and 55: GElEIEEOl'3,53IEEa3lljO Mile E] B R
Page 56 and 57: similar to the Precambrian granite
Page 58 and 59: 100 + + + + 300 + 500 ~ + + + + + +
Page 60 and 61: 500 m interval, while 1.2 HFU is re
Page 62 and 63: tN I \ 5 IOMiles \ ""1. EXPLANATION
Page 64 and 65: are interpreted as evidence of a ma
Page 66 and 67: LINE 7 RESISTIVITY N =2000 FEET, DI
Page 68 and 69: 100 200 0...---..."...-------------
Page 70 and 71: Artesia in D-8-26-32 and 33 have es
Page 72 and 73: trending 1.5 km 2 closures with soi
Page 74 and 75: waters occur in confined or artesia
Page 76 and 77: Equation (1) Alumino-silicate + H 2
Page 78 and 79: Silica concentration in Figure 24 i
Page 80 and 81: San Simon Introduction The San Simo
Page 82 and 83: Geology Subsurface geology controls
Page 84 and 85: " " '"",.- ~--- ,....~, ~. 7 '1.v-~
Page 86 and 87: o 1 Mile '2, WATER LEVEL OF WELLS I
Page 88 and 89: Conclusion Geothermal potential at
Page 90 and 91: geothermometry for waters containin
Page 92 and 93:
GRAVITY MODEL OF THE BOWIE AREA Mod
Page 94 and 95:
TRANSVERSE TOPOGRAPHIC PROALES ACRO
Page 96 and 97:
probably correlative with the "blue
Page 98 and 99:
excellent chemical quality suitable
Page 100 and 101:
Table 1 Wells With Measured Tempera
Page 102 and 103:
Table 1 cont. Wells With Measured T
Page 104 and 105:
Table 1 cant. Wells With Measured T
Page 106 and 107:
Table 2A. Analyses of Gila Valley-I
Page 108 and 109:
Table 2B. Analyses of Buena Vista a
Page 110 and 111:
Table 2C. Analyses of Cactus Flat-A
Page 112 and 113:
Tabl~ 2E. Analyses of Bowie area gr
Page 114 and 115:
Table 3A Geothermometers for the Gi
Page 116 and 117:
Table 3C. Geothermorneters for the
Page 118 and 119:
Table 3E. Geothermometers for the B
Page 120 and 121:
Table 4. Summary table showing aqui
Page 122 and 123:
Summary of description of Core Lith
Page 124 and 125:
D-7-27-2cdb Driller's log Surface s
Page 126 and 127:
APPENDIX 2 pH Correction for the Si
Page 128 and 129:
By converting milligrams per liter
Page 130 and 131:
APPENDIX 3 Arizona Bureau of Mines
Page 132 and 133:
BIBLIOGRAPHY Aiken~ C. L. V., 1978,
Page 134 and 135:
-3- Davidson, E. S., and Cooley, M.
Page 136 and 137:
-5- Fournier, R. O. and Truesdell,
Page 138 and 139:
7 Marjaniemi, ,D. K., 1968, Geologi
Page 140 and 141:
-9- Scarborough, R. B., 1975, Chemi
Page 142:
Van Horn, W. L., 1958, Late Cenozoi
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geothermal resource potential of the safford-san simon basin, arizona

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