Acupuncture and dry-needling for low back pain (Review)

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Leibing 2002 (Continued) Outcomes Notes 1) Pain intensity: 10 cm VAS 2) Pain disability: total score consists of 7 areas of activity (min 0, max 70) O=no disability, and 70=total disability. 3) Psychological distress: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, 14-item instrument for use in non-psychiatric medical patients. Total score (0 to 42) is a measure of psychological distress. 4) Spine flexion, fingertip-to-floor distance (min = 0 cm) Costs: not reported Complications: minor, not serious adverse events occurred in three patients in the acupuncture group The use of last observation carried forward usually attenuates the differences between groups Language: English Publication: full paper No additional information from authors For results, see the comparisons: 5.1 5.3 5.8 5.12 5.13 5.15 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.5 12.8 12.9 Conclusions: “Acupuncture plus physiotherapy was superior to physiotherapy alone regarding pain intensity, disability and psychological distress at the end of the treatment. Compared to sham acupuncture plus physiotherapy, acupuncture (plus physiotherapy) reduced psychological distress only. At 9 months, the superiority of acupuncture plus physiotherapy compared to physiotherapy alone became less and acupuncture plus physiotherapy was not different from sham plus physiotherapy” Li 1997 Methods Participants -Randomized (method not reported). No mention of concealment of allocation. -Patients were blinded. Comment: since both groups were given active treatments, all the patients should know that they were treated by “real” acupuncture. However, they probably couldn’t tell which active treatment group they were in. -Funding: not reported -Setting: Outpatient clinic in a hospital. Hebei Province, China. -Informed consent and ethics approval were not mentioned -Follow-up: all 156 patients were followed. -Analysis: U-test: between groups 156 patients with low-back pain of varying duration (between 2 days and 8 years) Diagnoses: not reported Excluded: not reported Age between 20 and 71 years old 80 males and 76 females Working status: not reported Previous treatments: not reported Acupuncture and dry-needling for low back pain (Review) Copyright © 2011 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 46
Li 1997 (Continued) Interventions Outcomes Notes 1) Manual acupuncture plus cupping. Teh Chi sensation was obtained and needles were retained for 20 minutes. Major points: BL23, 40. GV 2, 26, LU5. Supplement points: for coldness and dampness: GV3, BL31, 34. For blood stasis: BL17, 18. For kidney deficiency: GV4 and KI 3. Treatment was given every other day (except for acute back pain, which was treated daily) up to 10 treatments. Randomized to this group: 78 Experience: adequate 2) Manual acupuncture alone. Major points: BL23, 40 and GV2. Supplement points: same as treatment group. Randomized to this group: 78 1) Overall assessment (see description in He 1997). Measured immediately after the end of the sessions Costs: not reported Complications: not reported Language: Chinese Publication: full paper No additional information from authors For results, see the comparisons: 11.6 (other data table) Conclusions: “Manual acupuncture plus cupping technique is better than manual acupuncture alone for treating low-back pain” Lopacz 1979 Methods Participants Interventions Outcomes Notes - Randomization procedure not described. - Nobody was blinded. 34 male patients from a neurology department. Inclusion criteria: low-back pain for 1 month or more. Age: mean 42 years old (ranged from 25 to 52). 1) Acupuncture: 4 needles close to spine, 10 minutes, 4 treatments, 8 days, plus pharmacotherapy. Teh Chi unclear. Training & experience of acupuncturists unknown. Randomized to this group: 18 2) Placebo, suggestion, new Swedish method for pain relief, same 4 points echo-encephalography, 10 minutes, 4 treatments, 8 days, plus pharmacotherapy. Randomized to this group: 16 1) Global improvement (5-point scale): very good, good, doubtful, unchanged and worsening Measured after first treatment and after 4 treatments Costs: not reported Complications: not reported Very short term follow-up only. Small sample size. Authors dichotomized at very good + good versus others. We classified the patients as chronic low-back pain. Language: Polish Publication: full paper No additional information from authors Acupuncture and dry-needling for low back pain (Review) Copyright © 2011 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 47
Page 1 and 2: Acupuncture and dry-needling for lo
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pain and function (adjusted for bas
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improvement (Continued) Li 1997 Imp
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Table 5. Adequacy of acupuncture (C
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20 factorial$.ti,ab. (2463) 21 foll
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(Continued) 30 October 2004 New cit
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Acupuncture and dry-needling for low back pain (Review)

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