Acupuncture and dry-needling for low back pain (Review)
Acupuncture and dry-needling for low back pain (Review)
Acupuncture and dry-needling for low back pain (Review)
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Lopacz 1979<br />
(Continued)<br />
For results, see the comparisons:<br />
5.2<br />
Conclusions: “The therapeutic results were better, both immediately <strong>and</strong> after a series of acupuncture. The difference<br />
in the results of treatment was statistically significant in the patients with longest duration of <strong>pain</strong>s (>3 months)”<br />
MacDonald 1983<br />
Methods<br />
Participants<br />
Interventions<br />
Outcomes<br />
Notes<br />
-A stratified r<strong>and</strong>om process to divide the sexes as equally as possible between the two groups.<br />
-Patients <strong>and</strong> observers were blinded.<br />
-Funding: North West Thames Regional Health Authority<br />
-Setting: London<br />
-In<strong>for</strong>med consent <strong>and</strong> ethics approval not reported<br />
-Fol<strong>low</strong>-up: not reported<br />
-Analysis: Wilcoxon rank sum test.<br />
17 patients referred from orthopaedic or rheumatological departments.<br />
Inclusion criteria: chronic LBP <strong>for</strong> at least one year, no relief from conventional treatments<br />
Diagnoses: spondylitis, ankylosing spondylitis, degenerative disc lesion, idiopathic, non-articular rheumatism, osteoarthritis,<br />
prolapsed intervertebral disc, arachnoiditis, ligamentous strain <strong>and</strong> Scheuermann’s osteochondritis<br />
Exclusion criteria: not reported<br />
Demographics: not reported. But it says ”the two groups were comparable in terms of age, duration of <strong>pain</strong>, mood<br />
scores, number of physical signs <strong>and</strong> severity of <strong>pain</strong><br />
1) Superficial <strong>needling</strong>: subcutaneous (4 mm) 30-gauge needle insertion at trigger points. (Number of trigger points<br />
unknown). 5 to 20 minutes, maximum of 10 treatments in 10 weeks. Electrical impulses 700µs at 2 Hz if manual<br />
stimulation failed. R<strong>and</strong>omized to this group: 8<br />
Experience: unknown<br />
2) Placebo transcutaneous electrical stimulation: electrodes connected to dummy apparatus, maximum 10 treatments<br />
in 10 weeks.<br />
R<strong>and</strong>omized to this group: 9<br />
1) Pain relief:<br />
- worse (-1)<br />
- no change (0)<br />
- minimal improvement (1% to 24%) (1)<br />
- moderate improvement (25% to 49%) (2)<br />
- good (50% to 74%) (3)<br />
- excellent (75% to 99%) (4)<br />
- complete resolution (100%) (5)<br />
2) Pain score reduction<br />
3) Activity <strong>pain</strong> score reduction<br />
4) Physical signs reduction<br />
5) Severity <strong>and</strong> <strong>pain</strong> area reduction<br />
Costs: not reported<br />
Complications: not reported<br />
Intervention is <strong>dry</strong>-<strong>needling</strong>.<br />
Very small sample size, number of treatments unknown, <strong>and</strong> fol<strong>low</strong>-up time unknown<br />
<strong>Acupuncture</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>dry</strong>-<strong>needling</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>low</strong> <strong>back</strong> <strong>pain</strong> (<strong>Review</strong>)<br />
Copyright © 2011 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.<br />
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