DSM Pocket Guidebook Volume 5: Renewable and Related ... - NREL

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., Table R·19. Comparison of Fuel Cell Types <strong>and</strong> Characteristics Phosphoric Acid Molten Carbonate Sold Oxide Charaderistks (First generation) (Second generation) (Third generation) ;;:: Opemting 1empemture 400°F (2WO 1200°F (649°() 1800°F (982°() Applications (neor·1enn) On-site dispersed, On-sire dispersed, On-site dispersed, utility generotors utilily generotors utilily genemtors Applications (long-tenn) Repowering ot Repowering ot Repowering ot existing power planls existing power planls existing power planls existing power planls Module size 200 kW.l l MW 2·10MW 5·100 MW (near·tem) Efficiency 36% 52%·60% 80% 1 largest module built 4500 kW 7Q.kW s1uck 3 kW module pot plant Mmket entry Early 1990s Mkl-to te-1990s 2000
- ', Advantoges Most technically low noise Highest pkmt mature low emissions efficiency low emissions low noise low noise low noise Air-
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DSM Pocket Guideboolc Volume 5: Ren
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DSM Pocket Guidebook Volume 5: Rene
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CONTENTS Brief# Page No. Foreword .
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FOREWORD In previous years of low-c
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PREFACE TO THE POCKET GUIDEBOOK .IN
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construction leod lime, environment
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SECT I O N 1 RENEWABLE RESOURCES FO
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Renewable and fossil technologies t
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• FOR MORE INFORMATION PUBLICATIO
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·solor Thermal O.OBQ- 40 10Q-200MW
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.. Th 4 z 00 [ 0 u o "5l
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and be brought on-line quick during
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potential is loroted of 4540 ses ra
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Table R-2. Types of Turbines versus
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... Trash rack (keeps fish and debr
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R E N E W ABLE B R I E F 2 BIOMASS
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• MARKET OUTLOOK FOR BIOMASS Curr
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finding o suitable site. The time r
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Table R-4. Biomass: Costs Levelized
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RENEWABL E B RIE F 3 MUNICIPAL SOLI
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• RESOURCE ASSESSMENT The MSW res
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ORGANIZATIONS Northern Stutes Power
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R .o Figure R-9. R111ge of 1991
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cycle produces 20% to 30% more powe
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develop 3 to 30 MW plants in the No
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Muffler, U.P., Assessment of Geothe
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c:oLv
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RENEWABLE BRIEF 5 SOLAR THERMAL CEN
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Central receivers do not produce em
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co ::s Figure R-12. Schematic of
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::3 ... .,. 12 g 17.9 19.2 ()16.2 .
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.RESOURCE ASSESSMENT Sites with ove
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Table R-8. Solar Thermal Parabolic
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R E N E W ABLE B R I E F 7 SOLAR TH
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• FOR MORE INFORMATION ORGANIZATI
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RENEWABLE BRIEF 8 SALT GRADIENT SOL
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• CURRENT COSTS AND TRENDS Curren
Page 78 and 79: .. .. Gradient zone Salt - - - 20%
Page 80 and 81: RENEWABLE BRIEF 9 WIND POWER .INTRO
Page 82 and 83: VERTICAL-AXIS WIND TURBINES Turbine
Page 84 and 85: • Remote locations where diesel g
Page 86 and 87: Wind Energy Resource Ados of the Un
Page 88 and 89: .. Table R-12. Technology Status Be
Page 90 and 91: Airfoil Blade Hub Smart Sophisticat
Page 92 and 93: 140 +--Jet airplane 1 oo +Industria
Page 94 and 95: assembling different quantities of
Page 96 and 97: • Rest urea funs and lighls • R
Page 98 and 99: of land 100 miles on a side in Neva
Page 100 and 101: Table R-13. Photovoltaks: Costs Lev
Page 102 and 103: .. Table R·14. Comparison of Prina
Page 104 and 105: PV Technology Efficiency Table R-15
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Page 108 and 109: SECTION 2 STORAGE AND RELATED TECHN
Page 110 and 111: RENEWABLE BRIEF 1 1 ELECTRIC ENERGY
Page 112 and 113: of CAES storage. To generate power,
Page 114 and 115: BATTERIES The utility battery syste
Page 116 and 117: • LAND AREA REQUIREMENTS 8ATIERIE
Page 118 and 119: "' Figure R-24. Locations of geo
Page 120 and 121: Table R-18. Storage Power: Costs Le
Page 122 and 123: Surface reservoir 0 Porous sands
Page 124 and 125: Fuel cells offer some significant o
Page 126 and 127: severe environmental constminls, of
Page 130 and 131: Table R-20. Fuel Cells: Costs Capit
Page 132 and 133: output waveform. The output of a sq
Page 134 and 135: SECTION 3 RENEWABLE OPTIONS FOR BUI
Page 136 and 137: Tobie R-22 identifies the load mana
Page 138 and 139: R E N EWABLE B R I E F 1 4 (update
Page 140 and 141: DRAIN DOWN SYSTEMS In these systems
Page 142 and 143: Table R-24. Solar Water Heaters: Co
Page 144 and 145: 800 600 DHW energy use (kWh/househo
Page 146 and 147: windows varies throughout the count
Page 148 and 149: Table R-25. Passive Solar Design: C
Page 150 and 151: E 0 () ..., "" Figure R-29. Ratio
Page 152 and 153: & () Figure 31. Annual salar savi
Page 154 and 155: R E N EWABL E B R I E F 1 6 INTEGRA
Page 156 and 157: Table R-26.1ntegrated Commercial De
Page 158 and 159: As o resu, GHPs ore gaining widespr
Page 160 and 161: Table R-27. Heat Pumps: Costs and B
Page 162 and 163: REN E WABLE B R I E F 1 8 (Update t
Page 164 and 165: Photovoltoir:s Systems Design Assis
Page 166: #. t. Printed with a renewable sour
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