DSM Pocket Guidebook Volume 5: Renewable and Related ... - NREL

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Table R-27. Heat Pumps: Costs and Benefits Energy Energy Cost Costs Use2 Savings Savings Options ($)1 (kWh/yr) ($/kWh/yr) ($/yr) Simple Paybatk3 (yr) Life (yr) ContHiente4 ::;;;: .. Cold Clinate2 (6000 HDD, 1000 CDD) Electric furnace air conditioning 3020 13,240 - - Air-source heat pump 4130 10,005 3190 255 Ground-source heat pump 5400 6.600 6579 526 Warm Clmate (2500 HDD, 2500 CDD) Electric furnace oir conditioning 3020 15.432 - - Air-source heat pump 3920 11,548 3884 311 Ground-source heat pump 5620 10,015 5417 433 - 15 M 4.4 15 M 4.5 19 M - 15 M 2.9 M 6.0 19 M 15 1. Cos15 indude equipment for heating and air conditioning, installotion, accessories, and dLdWork in new construction. 2. Energy use in kWh was calculated as follows: Heating furnace E = 24 x DHL/(trto) x (HDD/3413) (
Assumptions Used to Calculate Table R-27 Oinate The Assumed Parameters for the DiHerent Cases 2500 HDD 6000 HDD 8000 HDD :;;;: .. HPF air source 2.05 HPF ground source 3.5 1.5 1.3 3.2 2.9 Design heat loss (0Hl)3 26,400 26,400 26,400 C.t 0.73 0.61 0.61 Inside design 1emperoture (°F) (tl) 68°F (20°0 68°F (20°0 68°F (20°() Win1er design 1emperoture (°F) (to) 22°F (·S.SOO ·3°F (·19.4°() ·3°F (·19.4°0 3. These were bused on compu1er simulolilns for 150Q-ft2 (1391112) residences in eoch climo1e. The R-volue for ceaings, walls, and floors were assumed to be the minimum re commended leve for the c6mo1e zone (see Table R-4 in the introduction to DSM Pocket Guidebook Volume I: ResidentkJI Technologies). The cold and worm climates represent the extremes of all the climatic zones in the western regions where both heating and cooling ore used. In on BOoo-HDD c6mole, using the assumptions for a 600{)-HDD climo1e except a heoffng performance foetor of 1.3, the simple payback would be 4.7 yeors. 4. M stands for medium.
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DSM Pocket Guideboolc Volume 5: Ren
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DSM Pocket Guidebook Volume 5: Rene
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CONTENTS Brief# Page No. Foreword .
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FOREWORD In previous years of low-c
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PREFACE TO THE POCKET GUIDEBOOK .IN
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construction leod lime, environment
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SECT I O N 1 RENEWABLE RESOURCES FO
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Renewable and fossil technologies t
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• FOR MORE INFORMATION PUBLICATIO
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·solor Thermal O.OBQ- 40 10Q-200MW
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.. Th 4 z 00 [ 0 u o "5l
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and be brought on-line quick during
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potential is loroted of 4540 ses ra
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Table R-2. Types of Turbines versus
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... Trash rack (keeps fish and debr
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R E N E W ABLE B R I E F 2 BIOMASS
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• MARKET OUTLOOK FOR BIOMASS Curr
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finding o suitable site. The time r
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Table R-4. Biomass: Costs Levelized
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RENEWABL E B RIE F 3 MUNICIPAL SOLI
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• RESOURCE ASSESSMENT The MSW res
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ORGANIZATIONS Northern Stutes Power
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R .o Figure R-9. R111ge of 1991
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cycle produces 20% to 30% more powe
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develop 3 to 30 MW plants in the No
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Muffler, U.P., Assessment of Geothe
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c:oLv
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RENEWABLE BRIEF 5 SOLAR THERMAL CEN
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Central receivers do not produce em
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co ::s Figure R-12. Schematic of
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::3 ... .,. 12 g 17.9 19.2 ()16.2 .
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.RESOURCE ASSESSMENT Sites with ove
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Table R-8. Solar Thermal Parabolic
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R E N E W ABLE B R I E F 7 SOLAR TH
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• FOR MORE INFORMATION ORGANIZATI
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RENEWABLE BRIEF 8 SALT GRADIENT SOL
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• CURRENT COSTS AND TRENDS Curren
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.. .. Gradient zone Salt - - - 20%
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RENEWABLE BRIEF 9 WIND POWER .INTRO
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VERTICAL-AXIS WIND TURBINES Turbine
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• Remote locations where diesel g
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Wind Energy Resource Ados of the Un
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.. Table R-12. Technology Status Be
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Airfoil Blade Hub Smart Sophisticat
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140 +--Jet airplane 1 oo +Industria
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assembling different quantities of
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• Rest urea funs and lighls • R
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of land 100 miles on a side in Neva
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Table R-13. Photovoltaks: Costs Lev
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.. Table R·14. Comparison of Prina
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PV Technology Efficiency Table R-15
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"'
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SECTION 2 STORAGE AND RELATED TECHN
Page 110 and 111: RENEWABLE BRIEF 1 1 ELECTRIC ENERGY
Page 112 and 113: of CAES storage. To generate power,
Page 114 and 115: BATTERIES The utility battery syste
Page 116 and 117: • LAND AREA REQUIREMENTS 8ATIERIE
Page 118 and 119: "' Figure R-24. Locations of geo
Page 120 and 121: Table R-18. Storage Power: Costs Le
Page 122 and 123: Surface reservoir 0 Porous sands
Page 124 and 125: Fuel cells offer some significant o
Page 126 and 127: severe environmental constminls, of
Page 128 and 129: ., Table R·19. Comparison of Fuel
Page 130 and 131: Table R-20. Fuel Cells: Costs Capit
Page 132 and 133: output waveform. The output of a sq
Page 134 and 135: SECTION 3 RENEWABLE OPTIONS FOR BUI
Page 136 and 137: Tobie R-22 identifies the load mana
Page 138 and 139: R E N EWABLE B R I E F 1 4 (update
Page 140 and 141: DRAIN DOWN SYSTEMS In these systems
Page 142 and 143: Table R-24. Solar Water Heaters: Co
Page 144 and 145: 800 600 DHW energy use (kWh/househo
Page 146 and 147: windows varies throughout the count
Page 148 and 149: Table R-25. Passive Solar Design: C
Page 150 and 151: E 0 () ..., "" Figure R-29. Ratio
Page 152 and 153: & () Figure 31. Annual salar savi
Page 154 and 155: R E N EWABL E B R I E F 1 6 INTEGRA
Page 156 and 157: Table R-26.1ntegrated Commercial De
Page 158 and 159: As o resu, GHPs ore gaining widespr
Page 162 and 163: REN E WABLE B R I E F 1 8 (Update t
Page 164 and 165: Photovoltoir:s Systems Design Assis
Page 166: #. t. Printed with a renewable sour
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