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Annual Site Environmental Report for 1999 - ~ " ~/" 01::, " II~ , l. M,·'t:t:-MW1 It.:! .MN173 \ r\ lWlV1'87 _ 4 MW34C ~174 MW63,MW33! • It II."\J\/~ IYIY I~O I " - • MW355 ...,ow ,..,.., .. II 4i M W16. ~ MW256- '\" :.,.'. c I~W2 5- .;' . " MW102 - MW103 ~. hi I r== .... u , . I! II MW120 ... / _ MW Monitoring, Well Location 500 o 500 1000 Feet Figure 9.3 Wells sampled Inside the perimeter fence. Groundwater 9-5
Paducah Site o ~~~TURATED D PERCHED AQUIFER (unconfined) ~ CONFINING LAYER D CONFINED AQUIFER Figure 9.4 Typical path for' rainwater accumulation as groundwater. quality. Wells positioned to sample groundwater flowing away from a site are called downgradient wells, and wells placed to sample groundwater before it flows under a site are called upgradient wells. Any contamination of the downgradient wells not present in the upgradient wells at a site may be assumed to be a product of that site. Wells can be drilled to various depths in the saturated zone and be screened to monitor the recharge area above the aquifer , different horizons within the aquifer, or water-bearing zones below the aquifer. Vertical and horizontal groundwater flow directions are determined by horizontal clay layers, the downgradient direction tends to be more horizontal than vertical. Groundwater aquifers are one, of the primary pathways by which potentially hazardous substances can spread thrOugh the environment. Substances placed in the soil may migrate downward due to gravity or be dissolved in rainwater, which moves them downward through the unsaturated zone into the aquifer. The contaminated water then flows downgradient toward the discharge point. Monitoring wells (MWs) are used extensively to assess the effect of plant operations on nearby groundwater lnlATlRATED ZOtE SATURATED ZOtE SAI'I) PACK Figure 9.6 Monitoring well'constructlon showing relationship between screened'zone and water levelln,wells where limited fiow In the aquifer Is to the right. SEDIMENT GRAINS the permeability and continuity of geologic strata in addition to hydtaulic head. To effectively monitor the movement of groundwater and any hazardous constituents it may contain, hydrogeologists at the Paducah Site have undertaken many detailed studies of the geology of strata beneath the site. Figure 9.5 Pore spaces in soli. 9-6 Groundwater
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Units of Radiation Measure Current
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Paducah; Site Contents Figures ....
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Paducah Site Figures Figure Page 1.
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Paducah Site Table Page 9.5 Summary
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Paducah· Site DNAPL DNFSB DOE DOJ
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Paducah Site mgd mg/d mg/L Min ml m
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Paducah Site TSCA TUa TUc Toxic Sub
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Paducah Site xiv
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Paducah Site environment, and the P
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Paducah Site I' Figure 1.2 The Padu
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Paducah Site Upland mixed hardwoods
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Paducah Site 1-8 Site Operation and
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Paducah Site Table 2.1 Environmenta
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Paducah Site longer than one year.
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Paducah Site Comprehensive Environm
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Paducah Site Places, although there
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Paducah Site i- 2-10 DOE activities
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Paducah Site that in the toxicity t
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Paducah Site Paducah Site did not r
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Paducah Site maintain records of sy
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Paducah Site 2-18 Environmental Com
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Paducah Site operations and waste m
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Paducah Site Northwest Plume Ground
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Paducah Site L-____ S_it_e_p_r~i~o-
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Paducah Site . , ,. .'i WAG 28 17he
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Paducah Site The WAG 8 SE consisted
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Paducah Site soils immediately adja
Page 56 and 57: Paducah Site decontamination and de
Page 58 and 59: Paducah Site • recycling . The PP
Page 60 and 61: Paducah Site Programmatic Environme
Page 62 and 63: Paducah Site recommendations to DOE
Page 64 and 65: Paducah Site air stripper and the q
Page 66 and 67: Paducah Site Surface runoff from th
Page 68 and 69: Paducah Site the DCG. The average c
Page 70 and 71: Paducah Site 4-8 Radiological Efflu
Page 72 and 73: Paducah Site activities. This infon
Page 74 and 75: Paducah Site Sediment Sediment is a
Page 76 and 77: Paducah Site discharges, whereas SS
Page 78 and 79: Paducah Site Additional data is pro
Page 80 and 81: Paducah Site Figure 5.5 Uranium hex
Page 82 and 83: Paducah Site ; ,- materials release
Page 84 and 85: Paducah Site measured in Bayou and
Page 86 and 87: Paducah Site The 50-year CEDE (inte
Page 88 and 89: Paducah Site 6-8 Dose
Page 90 and 91: Paducah Site i· I Airborne Effluen
Page 92 and 93: Paducah Site 7-4 Nonradiologlcal Ef
Page 94 and 95: 1-1 -'-,-', --'-,' • SUrface Padu
Page 96 and 97: Paducah Site increase in one Little
Page 98 and 99: Paducah Site ORNL 95-7164C1abh I[ i
Page 100 and 101: Paducah Site. (also known as an acu
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Annual Site Environmental Report fo
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Surface Water Radiological Data Ann
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Deer Radiological Data Annual Site
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Direct Gamma Radiation (TLD) Data A
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KPDES Outfal/s Non-Radiological Dat
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KPDES Outfal/s Non-Radiological Dat
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Surface Water Non-Radiological Data
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Deer Non-Radiological Data Annual S
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DOE Special Investigations Data Ann
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DOJ Special Investigations Data Ann
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·DOJ Special Investigations Data A
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·DOJ Special Investigations Data A
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Conversions Multiply by to obtain M
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