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Paducah Site measured in Bayou and Little Bayou creeks and, using dilution factors based on U. S. Geological Survey· flow measurements, were used to calculate approximate radio nuclide concentrations at the Cairo water intake. The additiv.e dose from both creeks to the Cairo water system would have resulted in a dose to an individual> user of approximately 0;00029 mrem in 1999. This is a very small dose; therefore, the surface water pathway is not considered as a significant contributor to the dose received by the maximally exposed individual from DOE sources at PGDP. Contaminated Sediment Exposure . to contaminated sediment in Bayou and Little Bayou creeks could occur during fishing, hunting, or other recreational activities. Exposure is possible through incidental ingestion of contaminated sediment. The worst-case ingestion assumption is that an individual would splash around in one of the creeks every other day during the hunting season and ingest a small amount of sediment each visit. A dose is then calculated based on the radionudide concentrations (Table 504) and amount of exposure via ingestion. Upstream samples are assumed to be background and are subtracted from downstream sample results to arrive at a dose associated with site releases. The downstream location with the maximum dose is assumed to represent the dose received from this pathway by the maximally exposed individual. Table 6.2 shows the doses calculated for ingestion of sediments for both Bayou and Little Bayou creeks. For Little Bayou Creek, the worst-case dose was calculated at SS 2. For Bayou Creek, the worst-case dose was calculated at SS 1. The worst-case dose for Little Bayou Creek exceeds that for Bayou Creek. Therefore, the estimated worst-case dose above background from sediment ingestion that would have been received by an individual who was assumed to spend time in the WKWMA every other day during the hunting season would be 0.018 mreril in 1999. This 1999 dose is lower than the dose for 1998 and previous years due to the use of a smaller, more realistic ingestion rate. Ingestion of Deer The effect of an intake of a radionuclide by ingestion depends on the concentration of the radionuclide in food and drinking water and on the individual's consumption patterns. The estimated intake of a radionuclide is multiplied by the appropriate ingestion dose factor to provide the estimate of CEDE resulting from the intake. Terrestrial wildlife, such as deer, can come into contact with contaminated soil, ingest plants that have taken up contaminants, or ingest contaminated water. Hunting is permitted in the WKWMA surrounding the Paducah Site, and the limit for deer harvest is two deer per person per season. Approximately 100 deer are harvested per year from WKWMA. The Paducah Site dose calculations assume that an individual kills two average-weight deer and consumes the edible portions of those deer during the year. The dose is calculated for each deer. In 1999, eight deer from the Paducah Site were sampled along with two reference deer from the BWMA (Section 5). As a worst-case scenario for site dose contribution, it is assumed that a person kills and eats the two deer with the largest dose potential. The worst-case dose was calculated to be 2.70 mrem which is 0.53 mrem above average background dose. The highest dose estimate for a single deer was actually a background deer. Site deer are statistically within the range of doses calculated for background deer (Hampshire 1999). Airborne Radionuclides Emissions from DOE's only radionuclide airborne point-source discharge in 1999, the Northwest Plume Groundwater System, were monitored to determine the extent to which the general public could be exposed and to demonstrate compliance with EPA regulations . Radiological Protection recommendations (ICRP 1979). 6-4 Dose
Annual Site Environmental Report for 1999 Table 6.2 Annual Dose Estimates for 1999 of Worst-Case Incidental Ingestion of Sediment from Little Bayou Creek and Bayou Creek Ingestion Dose Average Ingestion Conversion Total for Concentration Rate Frequency Total Intake Factor CEDE Location Analysis (pCi/g) (mg/d) (days) (pCi) (mremlpCi) (mrem) (mrem) Downstream Bayou Creek (SSl) Neptunium-237 0.00088 50 106 0.00466 0.00390 0.0000182 Phitonium-2391240 0.0286 50 106 0.152 0.00430 0.000651 Technetium-99 0.999 50 106 5.29 0.000130 0.000688 'Fhorium-230 0.161 50 106 0.856 0.000530 0.000454 Uranium-234 0.545 50 106 2.89 0.000260 0.000751 Uranium-235 0.030 50 106 0.159 0.000250 0.0000398 Uranium-238 0.854 50 106 4.53 0.000230 0.00104 0.00364 Downstream Little Bayou Creek (SS2) Neptunium-237 0.0130 50 106 0.0689 0.00390 0.000269 Plutonium-2391240 0.00938 50 106 0.0497 0.00430 0.000214 Technetium-99 17.9 50 106 94.6 0.000130 0.0123 Thorium-230 0.247 50 106 1.31 0.000530 0.000694 Uranium-234 0.650 50 106 3.44 0.000260 0.000896 Uranium-235 0.069 50 106 0.366 0.000250 0.0000914 Uranium-238 4.66 50 106 24.7 0.000230 0.00568 0.0201 Upstream Bayou Creek (SS20) :~., Neptunium-237 -0.00512 50 106 -0.0271 0.00390 -0.000106 Plutonium-239/240 0.00105 50 106 0.00557 0.00430 0.0000239 ~. -:.:;" Technetium-99 0.312 50 106 1.66 0.000130 0.000215 Thorium-230 0.124 50 106 0.657 0.000530 0.000348 Uranium-234 0.230 50 106 1.22 0.000260 0.000317 Uranium-235 0.012 50 106 0.0636 0.000250 0.0000159 Uranium-238 0.257 50 106 1.36 0.000230 0.000313 0.00113 Upstream Little Bayou Creek (SS21) Neptunium-237 0.0254 50 106 0.135 0.00390 0.000525 Plutonium-2391240 0.0110 50 106 0.0583 0.00430 0.000251 Technetium-99 0.461 50 106 2.44 0.000130 0.000318 Thorium-230 0.145 50 106 0.768 0.000530 0.000407 Uranium-234 0.170 50 106 0.901 0.000260 0.000234 Uranium-235 0.009 50 106 0.0477 0.000250 0.0000119 Uranium-238 0.247 50 106 1.31 0.000230 0.000301 0.00205 Downstream Little Bayou Creek (SS27) Neptunium-23 7 0.0376 50 106 0.199 0.00390 0.000777 Plutonium-239/240 0.0897 50 106 0.475 0.00430 0.00204 Technetium-99 4.00 50 106 21.2 0.000130 0.00276 Thorium-230 1.08 50 106 5.72 0.000530 0.00303 Uranium-234 1.59 50 106 8:48 0.000260 0.00219 Uranium-235 0.096 50 106 0.509 0.000250 0.000127 Uranium-238 3.34 50 106 i7.7 0.000230 0.00407 0.0150 Reference Site Massac Creek (SS28) Neptunium-237 0.00333 50 106 0:0176 0.00390 0.0000688 Plutonium-239/240 -0.0007 50 106 "0.00378 0:00430 -0.0000162 Technetium-99 0.187 50 106 0.991 0.000130 0.000129 Thoriilm-230 0.0248 50 106 0.131 0.000530 0.0000697 Uranium-234 0,062 50 106 0.329 0.000260 0.0000854 Uranium-235 0:003. 50 106 0.0159 0.000250 0.00000398 Uranium"238 om 50 106 0.371 0.000230 0.0000853 0.000426 Calculation of CEDE above 'background:at creek location: Bayou downstream (SSI) - Bayou upstream (SS20) = 0.00252 mrem Little Bayou downstream (SS2) - Little Bayou upstream (SS21) = 0.0181 mrem Total calculated estimate of CEDE from ' sediment ingestion: 0.00252 + 0.0181 = 0.0206 mrem ...:- Dose 6-5
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Paducah· Site DNAPL DNFSB DOE DOJ
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Conversions Multiply by to obtain M
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