A Socio-Economic Profile of the Rufiji Floodplain and Delta.

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Socio-economic profile of Rufiji flood plain and Delta - Vol. 1 3.5 Household energy sources and needs 3.5.1 Types of fuelwood used Although there are different combinations of fuels used in the survey area, the results show that firewood is the main source of fuel (Table 43). A substantial number of respondents from Delta north and south use a combination of firewood and coconut husks. It can be concluded that sources of fuel such as charcoal, kerosene and crop remains are used to supplement firewood (Table 43). Table 43: Respondent using different sources of fuel by AEZ Inner Delta North (n=44) Inner Delta South (n=15) Delta North Delta South (n=26) (n=30) North Flood Plain (n=24) South Flood Plain (n=13) West Valley (n=30) Total (n=182) Percent of respondents Firewood 97.7 100.0 65.4 83.3 79.2 100.0 90.0 87.4 Charcoal 8.3 1.1 Firewood and coconut husks Firewood and kerosene Firewood and Charcoal Firewood, Charcoal, Kerosene 23.1 16.7 6.0% 2.3 3.8 1.1 7.7 8.3 10.0 3.8 Source: Survey data (2000) 4.2 0.5 The majority of the respondents use the ‘three stone system’ for cooking (about 98% of the respondents). Only two percent of the respondents indicated that they use charcoal stoves. 3.5.2 Fuelwood collection and responsibilities The responsibility of firewood collection assists in deciding whom to target when disseminating firewood related technologies. Firewood collection in the survey area is mainly the responsibility of women .Men and children are only supporting female members in firewood collection (Table 44) Table 44: Fuelwood collection by household members Members Percent of respondents Women 83.2 Women and men 64.7 Men and children 35.7 Men 27.6 Women and children 18.8 Children 6.8 Source: Survey data (2000) 3.5.3 Trade in fuelwood 83 % of the respondents do not buy fuelwood. Only 17% buy fuelwood (Table 45). It is only in north flood plain where 50% of respondents indicated that they buy fuel wood. Trading in fuelwood in the north flood plain may be due to proximity to local urban markets and even distant markets of Dar es Salaam. Table 45: Respondents buying fuelwood by AEZ Inner Delta North (n=44) Inner Delta South (n=15) Delta North (n=26) Delta South (n=30) North Flood Plain (n=24) South Flood Plain (n=13) West Valley (n=30) Total (n=182) Yes 4.5 13.3 23.1 20.0 50.0 10.0 17.0 No 95.5 86.7 76.9 80.0 50.0 100.0 90.0 83.0 Source Survey data (2000) 42
Socio-economic profile of Rufiji flood plain and Delta - Vol. 1 The overall results have two implications. Firstly, that fuelwood in the survey area is not traded and therefore contributes very little to household cash income. The incentive to grow trees for the purpose of obtaining fuelwood is not well facilitated by the market. The second implication is that fuelwood is mainly collected for household use. Table 46 shows the mean prices of fuelwood, time spent in collecting firewood, frequency of collection and quantity of fuel used by AEZ. There are variations in the mean values obtained from table 46 as indicated by the standard deviations. The highest mean price of fuelwood was in Delta south. Generally, the prices of fuelwood differed significantly among the AEZ. However, very few respondents indicated that they buy fuelwood. Time spent in collecting fuelwood ranged from 92.7 minutes in south flood plain to 223.5 minutes in the North flood plain with an overall figure of 126.9 There is a significant difference among the AEZ with respect to time spent in collecting firewood (Table 46). Although firewood collection is most often done on multipurpose trips (e.g. travelling to distant farm plots for farming as well as collecting fuelwood), time taken to collect fuelwood affects time allocated for other production activities. On average, the frequency of fuelwood collection is twice per week. When compared with studies done elsewhere in Tanzania, the overall figure of time taken to collect fuelwood is lower than that reported from Babati district of 192 minutes (Senkondo, 2000). The mean quantity of fuel wood used per week is about four head loads. However, Delta south AEZ has a higher value of 10.8 head loads per week. Probably there are high energy demanding activities such as salt making. Table 46: Means of price of firewood, time spent in collecting firewood, frequency of collection and quantity of fuel used by AEZ AEZ Price per bundle/head loads of fuel wood Time spent in collecting fuel wood (minutes) Frequency of fetching fuel wood per week Quantity of fuel used per week (head load) Inner Delta North Mean 300.0 107.1 2.3 2.4 N 2 40 43 41 Std. Dev. 0.0 85.0 1.3 1.1 Inner Delta South Mean 200.0 111.0 2.0 2.9 N 2 15 14 14 Std. Dev. 0.0 117.3 0.9 1.9 Delta North Mean 166.7 102.7 2.0 3.5 N 6 26 26 23 Std. Dev. 81.7 92.8 1.4 2.0 Delta South Mean 275.0 146.7 2.3 10.8 N 6 29 29 30 Std. Dev. 117.3 140.6 1.6 37.68 North Flood Plain Mean 122.5 223.5 2.0 2.7 n 12 20 20 23 Std. Dev. 91.4 119.0 .60 3.42 South Flood Plain Mean 92.7 2.4 2.8 n 11 12 12 Std. Dev. 84.0 1.4 2.7 West Valley Mean 233.3 109.8 1.7 2.2 n 3 28 29 29 Std. Dev. 57.7 72.2 0.7 1.2 Overall Mean 187.7 126.9 2.1 4.1 N 31 169 173 172 Std. Dev. 105.2 108.5 1.2 16.0 F-value and p F=2.61 p=0.04* F=3.98 p=0.00* F=1.24 p=0.28 F=1.09 p=0.37 Source: Survey data (2000) *Means the item is significant at the specified level 43
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A Socio-Economic Profile of the Rufiji Floodplain and Delta.

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