A Socio-Economic Profile of the Rufiji Floodplain and Delta.

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Socio-economic profile of Rufiji flood plain and Delta - Vol. 1 Rufiji Environment Management Project - REMP Project Goal To promote the long-term conservation through ‘wise use’ of the lower Rufiji forests, woodlands and wetlands, such that biodiversity is conserved, critical ecological functions are maintained, renewable natural resources are used sustainably and the livelihoods of the area’s inhabitants are secured and enhanced. Objectives • To promote the integration of environmental conservation and sustainable development through environmental planning within the Rufiji Delta and Floodplain. • To promote the sustainable use of natural resources and enhance the livelihoods of local communities by implementing sustainable pilot development activities based on wise use principles. • To promote awareness of the values of forests, woodlands and wetlands and the importance of wise use at village, district, regional and central government levels, and to influence national policies on natural resource management. Project Area The project area is within Rufiji District in the ecosystems affected by the flooding of the river (floodplain and delta), downstream of the Selous Game Reserve and also including several upland forests of special importance. Project Implementation The project is run from the district Headquarters in Utete by the Rufiji District Administration through a district Environmental Management Team coordinated by the District Executive Director. The Project Manager is employed by the project and two Technical Advisers are employed by IUCN. Project partners, particularly NEMC, the Coast Region, RUBADA, The Royal Netherlands Embassy and the Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism, collaborate formally through their participation in the Project Steering Committee and also informally. Project Outputs At the end of the first five –year phase (1998-2003) of the project the expected outputs are: An Environmental Management Plan: an integrated plan for the management of the ecosystems (forests, woodlands and wetlands) and natural resources of the project area that has been tested and revised so that it can be assured of success - especially through development hand-in-hand with the District council and the people of Rufiji. Village (or community) Natural Resource Management Plans: These will be produced in pilot villages to facilitate village planning for natural resource management. The project will support the implementation of these plans by researching the legislation, providing training and some support for zoning, mapping and gazettement of reserves. Established Wise Use Activities: These will consist of the successful sustainable development activities that are being tried and tested with pilot village and communities and are shown to be sustainable Key forests will be conserved: Forests in Rufiji District that have shown high levels of plant biodiversity, endemism or other valuable biodiversity characteristics will be conserved by gazettement, forest management for conservation, and /or awareness-raising with their traditional owners. vi
Socio-economic profile of Rufiji flood plain and Delta - Vol. 1 Table of Contents Executive Summary .............................................................................................................................................. ii Preface.................................................................................................................................................................... v Acknowledgements................................................................................................................................................ v Glossary of Abbreviations .................................................................................................................................... v List of Figures...................................................................................................................................................... vii List of Tables ...................................................................................................................................................... viii 1 Introduction................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Approach and methodology ................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 The report............................................................................................................................................ 3 2 Literature Review of Rufiji District............................................................................................................. 4 2.1 Studies in the Rufiji Delta and Flood plains........................................................................................ 4 2.2 Agro-ecological/economic Zones........................................................................................................ 4 2.3 Population and demographic characteristics ....................................................................................... 6 2.4 Sources of livelihood strategies........................................................................................................... 7 2.5 Natural Resources and management strategies ................................................................................... 9 2.6 Infrastructure and access to markets ................................................................................................. 10 2.7 Review of the methodology used by REMP for the pilot village baseline........................................ 11 3 Results of Questionnaire Survey................................................................................................................ 13 3.1 Household characteristics.................................................................................................................. 13 3.2 Main occupation and economic activities ......................................................................................... 19 3.3 Attitude towards the environment ..................................................................................................... 35 3.4 Coping with food surpluses and shortages ........................................................................................ 40 3.5 Household energy sources and needs................................................................................................ 42 3.6 Expenditure ....................................................................................................................................... 45 3.7 Marketing and trading characteristics ............................................................................................... 47 3.8 Credit Availability............................................................................................................................. 48 4 Conclusions and Recommendations .......................................................................................................... 50 5 References.................................................................................................................................................... 53 6 Appendices................................................................................................................................................... 55 Appendix 1: Questionnaire and Checklist............................................................................................................. 55 Appendix 2: Terms of Reference for the socio-economics of the Rufiji Flood Plain and Delta........................... 69 Appendix 3: Mean Expenditure on food items ..................................................................................................... 72 Appendix 4: Mean Expenditure on other household items ................................................................................... 73 Appendix 5: Mean quantities of various commodities marketed.......................................................................... 74 List of Figures Figure 1: Rufiji District Agro-ecological/economic Zones (After Havnevik (1981) .............................................. 6 Figure 2: Marketing Channel for Mangrove trees................................................................................................. 28 Figure 3: Mean asset index by AEZ...................................................................................................................... 45 Figure 4: Expenditure on food items in the sampled households.......................................................................... 46 Figure 5: Other expenditure items in the household ............................................................................................. 46 vii
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A Socio-Economic Profile of the Rufiji Floodplain and Delta.

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