A Socio-Economic Profile of the Rufiji Floodplain and Delta.

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Socio-economic profile of Rufiji flood plain and Delta - Vol. 1 There is a number of ways respondents cope with food shortage. These include buying food, begging assistance from relatives, begging assistance from governments, eating alternative foods and trying out new crops. The main household source of energy is derived from trees in form of firewood, charcoal, coconut husks etc. The responsibility of firewood collection is on women members. Overall results on household energy needs show that fuelwood is not a traded good in the survey area and therefore contribute very little to household income. The incentive to grow trees for the purpose of obtaining fuelwood is not well facilitated by the market. Despite the fact that household energy is derived from trees, respondents do not plant trees. The reasons are that trees grow naturally and are still many. The implication is that villagers perceive trees as abundant. To change this perception there is a need for educational campaigns. Expenditure items in the survey area were categorised into food and other household expenditures. The highest expenditure on food turned out to be fish, rice and maize. These are the main food items for the area. For other household expenditures, other consumption goods such as household items, clothes etc ranked the highest. Other high expenditure items are fishing savings and education Savings in survey area seemed to be high expenditure item. This may give indications of the future acceptance of savings and credit schemes in the area. Overall improvement in production, processing and storage techniques will reduce cash expenditure on food items. Production of commodities at the household level is mainly aimed at household consumption with a little surplus for sale. Very few households (22) were involved in trading. The main tradable goods include agricultural crops, livestock, forest products and fish. Improvement in transport infrastructure is likely to stimulate production for sale. 52
Socio-economic profile of Rufiji flood plain and Delta - Vol. 1 5 References Bantje, H. (1980a) The Rufiji Agricultural Systems. Impact of Rainfall, Floods and Settlements. Bureau of Resource Assessment and Land use Planning (BRALUP). Research Paper No. 62. University of Dar es Salaam. Bantje, H (1980b) Floods and Famines, A study of Food Shortages in Rufiji District. Bureau of Resource Assessment and Land use Planning (BRALUP). Research Paper No. 63. University of Dar es Salaam. Boyd, H.W.; R. Westfall and S.F. Stasch (1981) Marketing Research. Text and Cases. Homewood, Illinois, Richard D. Irwin Conyers, D., Ayo, J.N. and D.O. Luoga (1971) Agro-Economic Zones of Coast and Morogoro Regions. Bureau of Resource Assessment and Land use Planning (BRALUP) Report No. 48. University of Dar es Salaam. DANIDA (1998) Road Sector Programme Support. A profile of Rufiji District with Particular Reference to Travel and Transport. DRDP (2000), District Rural Roads Development Programme: Socio-economic Baseline Study on the Mkongo –Kipo road. COWI Tanzania Consulting Engineers Havnevik, K. J. (1983) Analysis of Rural Production and Incomes, Rufiji District Tanzania. Institute of Resource Assessment (IRA) paper no. 3. DERAP Publications Bergen. Hotelling, H. (1933) Analysis of A Complex Statistical Variables into Principal Components. Journal of Education Psychology 24: 417-441, 498-520. Kashuliza, A.K., Hella, J.P Magayane, F.T. and Mvena, A.S. (1998) Role of informal and semi-formal finance in poverty alleviation. Research in Poverty Alleviation (REPOA) Paper 98.1. Kim, J. and Mueller, C.W. (1978) Factor Analysis: Statistical Methods and Practical Issues. Newbury, Sage University Paper. Lema (1979) Crop Water Requirements and Beneficial Flood for Rufiji Flood Plain Agriculture. Bureau of Resource Assessment and Land use Planning (BRALUP) Research Report No. 36 MacDonald and Partners (1978) Integration of Rufiji River Plain Irrigation Development. Stiegler’s Gorge Power and Flood Control Development. Study Identification. Cambridge Magayane, F.T. (1995) Farmers' Adaptive Effort to Soil Erosion and Land Productivity Decline: The case of Uluguru Mountains, Tanzania. Urbana-Champaign, University of Illinois. Norusis, M.J. (1992) SPSS/PC+ Professional Statistics TM Version 5.0. Sandberg A. (1974) Socio-economic Survey of Lower Rufiji Flood Plain Rufiji Delta Agricultural Systems. Bureau of Resource Assessment and Land use Planning (BRALUP) Research Paper no 34 Senkondo E.M.M. (2000) Risk Attitude and Risk Perception in Agroforestry Decisions: The case of Babati District, Tanzania. Mansholt studies 17. Wageningen Agricultural University TEHIP, (1999) Tanzania Essential Health Intervention Projects. Rufiji Demographic Surveillance System. Dar es Salaam 53
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