Topic 1 - Matter and Energy - Revsworld
Topic 1 - Matter and Energy - Revsworld
Topic 1 - Matter and Energy - Revsworld
Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
<strong>Topic</strong> 1 - <strong>Matter</strong> .<br />
<strong>and</strong> <strong>Energy</strong><br />
<strong>Topic</strong> outline<br />
In this topic, you will learn the following concepts:<br />
. Types of matter <strong>and</strong> their characteristics . Temperature . Temperature conversions<br />
. Phases of matter <strong>and</strong> their characteristics . Heat energy. . Heat energy calculations<br />
. Phase changes <strong>and</strong> relationship to energy . Properties of gases . Gas law calculations<br />
. Physical <strong>and</strong> chemical properties . Physical <strong>and</strong> chemical changes<br />
Introduction<br />
Lesson 1: Types of matter<br />
Chemistry is the study of matter: Its composition, structures, properties, changes it undergoes, <strong>and</strong><br />
energy accompanying these changes.<br />
<strong>Matter</strong> is anything that has mass <strong>and</strong> takes up space. <strong>Matter</strong>, in another word, is “stuff.”<br />
<strong>Matter</strong> can be grouped <strong>and</strong> classified as pure substances or mixtures.<br />
In this lesson, you will learn about different types of matter <strong>and</strong> its characteristics. You will also learn to<br />
recognize different types of matter by chemical symbols <strong>and</strong> diagrams.<br />
.<br />
1. Pure substances: Definitions, facts <strong>and</strong> examples<br />
Concept Facts: Study to remember characteristics of pure substances listed below.<br />
A Pure substance is a type of matter in which every sample has:<br />
helium (He)<br />
. Definite <strong>and</strong> fixed (same percent) composition<br />
(an element)<br />
. Same unique sets of properties<br />
. Elements <strong>and</strong> Compounds are classified as pure substances<br />
o o o<br />
o o o o<br />
o o o<br />
o o oo<br />
balloon<br />
Examples of some common pure substances:<br />
Elements<br />
Compounds<br />
Na (sodium)<br />
H 2 O ( water)<br />
Al (aluminum)<br />
CO 2 ( carbon dioxide)<br />
H 2 ( hydrogen)<br />
NH 3 (ammonia)<br />
He (helium)<br />
C 6 H 12 O 6 (sugar)<br />
water (H 2 O)<br />
(a compound)<br />
Helium <strong>and</strong> water are both<br />
classified as pure substances.<br />
2. Elements: Definitions, facts <strong>and</strong> examples<br />
Concept Facts: Study to remember characteristics of elements listed below.<br />
An Element is a pure substance that :<br />
. Is composed (made up) of identical atoms with the same atomic number<br />
. CANNOT be decomposed (broken down) into simpler substances<br />
neither by physical nor by chemical methods<br />
. .<br />
Examples of some elements:<br />
Mg (Magnesium) Br 2 ( Bromine) Au (gold)<br />
There are more than 100 known elements.<br />
Elements’ names <strong>and</strong> symbols can be found on the Periodic Table of the Elements.<br />
LOOKING AHEAD<br />
o o o<br />
o o o o<br />
o o<br />
o o o o<br />
o o o<br />
o<br />
Helium, an element, is<br />
composed of helium atoms.<br />
Helium cannot be broken down<br />
into any simpler substances<br />
because it is an element.<br />
<strong>Topic</strong> 2 - Periodic Table , you will learn more about the elements.<br />
Copyright © 2011 E3 Scholastic Publishing. All Rights Reserved. 1
Change language