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POSTER ABSTRACTS THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MARINE DEBRIS May 8-13, 1994 Miami, Florida, USA
13 SESSION I POSTERS Amounts, Types and Distribution of Marine Debris Amos, Anthony F., Andrea Wickham, Charles Rowe, and Lynn Amos An Evaluation of Volunteer Beach-Cleaning and Data-Recording Methods University of Texas Marine Sciences Institute, Port Aransas, Texas, USA The National Beach Cleanups, started in 1987 by the Center for Marine Conservation (CMC), have generated much public interest, and thousands of volunteers now participate in the twice-a-year event. Volunteers both clean beaches and record their findings on data sheets. The data are then compiled and published annually by CMC. There is no claim by the organizers that the results are statistically rigorous, but the number of "tons of trash" collected is widely reported in the media. A considerable database has now been amassed and, somewhat like the annual Audubon Christmas Bird Count, has its detractors and supporters as a means of assessing trends. We have done several experiments in association with the Beach Cleanups. These include counts of marine debris on beaches immediately prior to, and then after, beach-cleaning by a group of volunteers. In particular, we made a complete examination of the contents of the bags of collected trash to compare our findings with the data recorded on the data sheets. To avoid bias, in each of the experiments the volunteers were not aware while collecting and recording that the results would be checked. One hundred twenty-seven (127) bags of trash were collected by 53 volunteers on San Jose Island, Texas. The beach is inaccessible, by land and is not cleaned by any municipality. All bags were returned to the mainland by boat and thence to our facility. It took us a week to empty, classify, weigh and describe the 2,100 pounds of material collected (we worked in "English Units" to be compatible with the units used by CMC). Sand accounted for 192 pounds of the overall weight. Mean weight of a bag was 13.5 pounds with a standard deviation of 17.2. In general, volunteers under-counted by 50%. They were much closer on readily, identifiable items even though some of the items were quite small and numerous. For example, the counts were very close on onegallon milk jugs, cigarette lighters, 6-pack yokes, straws, Styrofoam cups, light bulbs, food cans and paper cups. Big discrepancies were found in plastic bags, rope and, especially, beverage cans. Few errors were found in checking the totalling on the data sheets, but some important items were not entered accurately (e.g., total number of bags). We discuss the
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Page 23 and 24: 19 of the Mackinac Straits in north
Page 25 and 26: 21 "What sample size and sampling f
Page 27 and 28: 23 demarcations for the seasons (Ma
Page 29 and 30: 25 Tsubata, Hideki and Masahiro Mor
Page 31 and 32: 27 little understood. Most stranded
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Page 37 and 38: Matsumura, Satsuki, Norihisa Baba,
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Page 47 and 48: 45 Bortman, Marci L. and R. Lawrenc
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Page 55 and 56: 53 sources include commercial fishi
Page 57 and 58: 55 The four year survey was designe
Page 59 and 60: Snyder, John Techniques for Prevent
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Page 63 and 64: Zilligen, Jil and Barbara Miller Sa
Page 65 and 66: Bruner, Ronald 64 Eliminating Plast
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66 gained during this USEPA funded
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69 SESSION VI POSTERS Sources of Ma
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71 limits during the Soviet Union e
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O'Hara, Kathy Marine Debris Outreac
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POSTER MANUSCRIPTS THIRD INTERNATIO
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78 Materials and Methods We conduct
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80 accumulation place of marine deb
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Table 1. Outline of sighting survey
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Baba, Norihisa 85 SESSION II POSTER
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87 Characteristics of entangled fur
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89 Scheffer,V.B. 1950: Growth layer
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91 Table 2. Biological Data of Fur
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93 Teas, Wendy G. and Wayne N. Witz
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Plotkin, P. and A. F. Amos. 1988. E
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Mr. William Bailey, Program Manager
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Mr. Diego Diaz-Martin, Biologist FU
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Ms. Dana Kubinski Researcher, Litte
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Mr. Rodney Paterson, SNR Advisor En
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Ms. Anne Smrcina, Education- Coordi
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108 Mr. Steve Wise 110 Crest Ann Ar
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