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92 Table 3. Number of Northern Fur Seals By Age Entangled in Marine Debris Collected in the Western North Pacific and Okhotsk Sea from 1971-1987 and 1993.
93 Teas, Wendy G. and Wayne N. Witzell Impacts of Anthropogenic Debris on Marine Turtles in the Western North Atlantic Ocean Southeast Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, Miami, Florida, USA Abstract Impacts on marine turtles due to entanglement and debris ingestion have been documented by Sea Turtle Stranding and Salvage Network (STSSN) participants via observation and/or necropsy of stranded specimens. Data compiled by the STSSN from 1980 through 1992 have been analyzed in an effort to quantify the adverse effects of anthropogenic debris on marine turtles in the western North Atlantic Ocean. All five species inhabiting the data collection area were shown to be affected. Impacts varied based on species, size class, geographic region and season. Introduction The data used-in this analysis were collected by the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) Sea Turtle Stranding and Salvage Network (STSSN). This network was established in 1980 to document marine turtle strandings along the U.S. Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts, Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Data are collected by volunteers who document stranding events in their respective areas and contribute those data to a centralized database located at the NMFS Miami Laboratory. Data collected by the STSSN are useful in documenting the impacts of anthropogenic debris on marine turtles; however, care must be taken when interpreting these data. Stranding coverage has varied both temporally and spatially and the quality of the data has increased as observers gain experience. These data, therefore, represent a sample of sea turtles affected by marine debris. Results Network members examined 676 marine turtles affected by anthropogenic debris from 1980 through 1992 - 260 loggerheads (Caretta caretta), 208 greens (Chelonia mydas), 83 leatherbacks (Dermochelys coriacea), 75 hawksbills (Eretmochelys imbricata), 35 Kemp's ridleys (Lenidochelys kempii) and 15 turtles which were not identified to species.. Geographically, 243 turtles were documented in the Gulf of Mexico, 332 in the southeast U. S. Atlantic, 81 in the northeast U.S. Atlantic and 20 in the U.S. Caribbean. A total of 182 turtles were entangled in monofilament line, 74 were entangled in fish net material, 114 were entangled in trap lines or rope and 46 were entangled in non-fishing gear debris. Non-fishing gear debris included plastic fiber "onion" sacks, burlap bags, plastic bags, plastic six-pack yokes, packing twine, steel cable, aluminum beach chairs and various other materials. A total of 103 turtles ingested plastic pieces or balloons and 94 turtles ingested monofilament line and/or fish hooks. A total of 118 turtles were affected by tar and/or oil.
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NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-AFSC
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NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-AFSC
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Special thanks to
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INTRODUCTION During the early 1970s
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Sunday. May 8 Monday. May 9 3 PROGR
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5 0930-1000 - J.E. Winston, M.R. Gr
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Thursday, May 12 1330 - 1330-1345 -
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1100-1145 - Session IV: Working Gro
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13 SESSION I POSTERS Amounts, Types
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this might imply the early success
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17 set is made, information on the
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19 of the Mackinac Straits in north
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21 "What sample size and sampling f
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23 demarcations for the seasons (Ma
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25 Tsubata, Hideki and Masahiro Mor
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27 little understood. Most stranded
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Baba, Norihisa 29 SESSION II POSTER
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Cliff, Geremy, Sheldon Dudley and P
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Matsumura, Satsuki, Norihisa Baba,
Page 39 and 40: 35 pellet. The only drawback with s
Page 41 and 42: 37/38 contained little except plast
Page 43 and 44: Topping, Paul 40 National Marine Pl
Page 45 and 46: Adcock, Walter 43 SESSION IV POSTER
Page 47 and 48: 45 Bortman, Marci L. and R. Lawrenc
Page 49 and 50: 47 international pilot in 1988, the
Page 51 and 52: 49 were predominantly present as sm
Page 53 and 54: 51 translate this awareness into ef
Page 55 and 56: 53 sources include commercial fishi
Page 57 and 58: 55 The four year survey was designe
Page 59 and 60: Snyder, John Techniques for Prevent
Page 61 and 62: These facts underscore the need for
Page 63 and 64: Zilligen, Jil and Barbara Miller Sa
Page 65 and 66: Bruner, Ronald 64 Eliminating Plast
Page 67 and 68: 66 gained during this USEPA funded
Page 69 and 70: 69 SESSION VI POSTERS Sources of Ma
Page 71 and 72: 71 limits during the Soviet Union e
Page 73 and 74: O'Hara, Kathy Marine Debris Outreac
Page 75 and 76: POSTER MANUSCRIPTS THIRD INTERNATIO
Page 77 and 78: 78 Materials and Methods We conduct
Page 79 and 80: 80 accumulation place of marine deb
Page 81 and 82: Table 1. Outline of sighting survey
Page 83 and 84: Baba, Norihisa 85 SESSION II POSTER
Page 85 and 86: 87 Characteristics of entangled fur
Page 87 and 88: 89 Scheffer,V.B. 1950: Growth layer
Page 89: 91 Table 2. Biological Data of Fur
Page 93 and 94: Plotkin, P. and A. F. Amos. 1988. E
Page 95 and 96: Mr. William Bailey, Program Manager
Page 97 and 98: Mr. Diego Diaz-Martin, Biologist FU
Page 99 and 100: Ms. Dana Kubinski Researcher, Litte
Page 101 and 102: Mr. Rodney Paterson, SNR Advisor En
Page 103 and 104: Ms. Anne Smrcina, Education- Coordi
Page 105: 108 Mr. Steve Wise 110 Crest Ann Ar
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