July-August - Air Defense Artillery School

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A Method of Emergency Range Finding By Captain George E. Ellard, Coast <strong>Artillery</strong> Corps Unless something new has been added that we haven't heard of on this side of the ocean, >I- it is still desirable to have some improvised method of emergency range finding ready for use in a seacoast battery. In a mobile battery of 155's that is really mobile, a situation is bound to arise *Captain Ellard was in the Pacific area when this article was written. where it is not possible to use the standard Horiwntal Ba." System nor even the Emergency One-Station System. ~ situation is especially liable to occur during the first excitim days or hours ashore on some strange and dubiously chart coast. In the case of a separate battery attached to a f()!CI of other arms, it may be days, weeks or possibly month~ 1 I I
A l-.lEclHOD OF E~lERGENCY FINDING lOreany accurate survey data are available for base lines. In any case a modified Crichlow rule such as the one shown is recommended batten'. as a useful device to ha\'e in the Th~ rule may be made any convenient size depending on the range and accuracy desired. This particular one was purposely drawn 14~ inches in diameter for mounting on a standard circular ply-wood disk that can be found in the vicinity of certain portable type army buildings. The IO!! o scale is the same as that of the Crichlow, but the angular scalesis in degrees and represents the sine rather than "one O\'erthe sine." The angular scale is plotted with reference tothe log scale, using a table of natural sines. This method aroids the use of reciprocals or cosecants and seems to be morepractical in this instance. The two arms can be made of a strip of X-ray film if nothing better is available. The center screw device must be manufactured or borrowed from a standard rule. One of the anus is labelled R and the other T. To use the rule, a base line of three or four hundred I'ards,or longer as desired, is laid out and measured to the nearest yard. The Bl station should be in the vicinity of thedirecting point; with the B2 station on the right or left according to terrain conditions. The two base end stations ,hould be intervisible if possible to simplify the orientation. Zero azimuth is down the base line from the right hand station to the left hand station. If the two stations are not inten'isible, datum points will have to be established. A pair of phones connects the B2 reader with the operator of the rule; and another pair, the Bl reader with an assistant operator, who performs the subtraction, Bl minus B2 (angle T). The directions for the manipulation of the arms, though simple, should be recorded on the face of the rule. Tracking may be coordinated in the regular manner using either a TI system or stop watch. A percentage range corrector will also be required for conversion to mils and for the application of corrections. An improved version of the rule designed for more rapid and accurate operation is suggested where manufacturing facilities are available. Make up the log scale on a separate disk capable of rotation about its center, and devise a way for mechanically locking the arm T to the disk at any desired point on the scale. The reading line of the ann can then be fixed at any point so as to coincide with any length of base line. The log scale would then rotate with arm T, and by holding arm R on the value of B2, and setting arm T on the value of the target angle (Bl_B2). The range could be read immediately on the log scale under arm R, and the possibility of error caused by slippage between the two arms would be eliminated. A treillendous, costly, long-enduring task in peace as well as in war is still ahead of us. But, as we face that continuing task we 11layknow that the state of this Natio'n is good-the heart of this Nation is sound-the spirit of this Nation is strong- .the faith of this Nation is eternal.-FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT. J)
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July-August - Air Defense Artillery School

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