KAZAKHSTAN UPSTREAM OIL AND GAS technology and R&d ...

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1.1 Seismic data acquisition and processing 38 Solutions commentary The seismic solutions are grouped into the natural steps of data acquisition, processing and interpretation. The seismic data, where appropriate, are combined with non-seismic data and utilised in a more sophisticated manner over time to provide key information, including fracture orientation and size, high resolution lithology distribution, fluid movements and permeability distribution. This information, which for key fields is expected to be available on demand via permanent monitoring, will significantly impact reserves and production. In the near term, current global practices need to be transferred into Kazakhstan, in some cases they require adapting before being suitable for use. Some have already been used, but with mixed results and their use has not been widespread. Survey design underpins the seismic capability and source and sensor coverage, together with spatial sampling; all of this needs to be optimized based on the subsurface targets, while being constrained by cost considerations. Irrespective of processing or interpretation capabilities, sub-optimal input field data cannot be rectified. Optimal design will improve existing 4D repeatability, it also will enable broadband, wide-azimuth and other more sophisticated acquisition methods – although these are also likely to require adapting for the shallow waters of the Caspian. On the processing side common reflection point stacking (CRS) for noise removal, pre-stack depth migration (PSDM) for improved imaging, and advanced water bottom multiple attenuation needs to become standard practice. Significant computer power is required to enable this. With the newer acquisition methods and processing capability growth, full wave-equation-based seismic processing is the near term goal. The improved data needs to be interpreted with the latest 3D visualisation and attribute analysis packages available. In the mid term, acquisition design will improve further, land seismic should move towards mega-channel, single-sensor, high-fold surveys – providing step changes in land subsurface images, while probabilistic inversion for reservoir properties will become standard. These developments will be paralleled by wide coverage with non-seismic methods, which when combined with seismic further reduce subsurface uncertainties. All these steps will be further refined in the long term with permanent 4D, multi-component sensors and the ability to determine fractures and infer permeability; thus providing the support for increased production and reserves. Kazakhstan Upstream oil & gas technology and R&D roadmap
NOW 2015 2020 2025 TECHNOLOGIES AND GAPS Seismic acquisition in shallow water Seismic acquisition for enhanced imaging 4D seismic acquisition Seismic processing for improved imaging Advanced seismic inversion Integration of seismic with other data G A P G A P G A P G A P Seismic acquisition design Increased repeatability 4D CRS; multi-focusing PSDM standard Advanced water bottom multiple attenuation 3D visualisation and attribute analysis Non-seismic acquisition Broadband acquisition OBC/OBN wide azimuth acquisition Shear wave, PS & SP, seismic High frequency cross-well seismic Micro-seismic to monitor fraccing Full wave-field seismic processing High-end, including MC, seismic acquisition design 1.1 Road map Advanced land seismic Single sensor, high fold Borehole VSPs during conventional acquisition Probabilistic inversion for reservoir properties Country-wide high-res gravity survey New multicomponent sensors Multicomponent processing Fracture determination High-repeatability 4D seismic acquisition Permanent 4D seismic in place • Support production increase by better imaging and 4D seismic • Double production from fractured carbonates • Double reserves – pre-salt • Permanent monitoring in place for many fields • Permeability assessment based on seismic 39 Near surface imaging Tomography + non-seismic INDUSTRY • Services for 3D visualisation and attribute analysis • Acquisition design studies Equipment for seismic acquisition (Trucks, accommodation, logistics) • Offshore acquisition services • High-end land acquisition services • High-end processing • Build seismic vessels Multi-component seismic processing services R&D • Establish annual cycle: R&D and operator/ISC interaction • Seismic inversion • Optimised stacking, logistics • Multicomponent processing • Country-wide high-res gravity • Fracture detection • Non-seismic + seismic integration • Time-lapse interpretation Permeability assessment based on seismic SKILLS • Training centre for processing geophysicists • Micro-seismic capability development ENABLERS • Establish R&D governance • Access to computing power • Operator consortium to fund seismic capability 1.1 Seismic data acquisition and processing Kazakhstan Upstream oil & gas technology and R&D roadmap
Page 1 and 2: Kazakhstan upstream oil and gas tec
Page 3 and 4: A pragmatic steer for technology de
Page 5 and 6: Kazakhstan Upstream oil and gas tec
Page 7 and 8: KazNTU Izim Dussembayev, Institute
Page 9 and 10: Technology solutions Over 230 possi
Page 11 and 12: It would be realistic to expect the
Page 13 and 14: Learning and skills development in
Page 15 and 16: THE INTRODUCTION THE FUNDAMENTALS F
Page 17 and 18: Roadmap development Project objecti
Page 19 and 20: Stage 3 - the way forward The work
Page 21 and 22: The causes of the challenges facing
Page 23 and 24: 4.2 Field Management−Optimise Rec
Page 25 and 26: VALUE TTA 1 RESERVOIR CHARACTERISAT
Page 27 and 28: The technology solutions and their
Page 33 and 34: Introducing the topic maps Introduc
Page 35 and 36: 1. Reservoir characterisation Reser
Page 37: 1.1 Seismic data acquisition and pr
Page 41 and 42: 1.2 Reservoir description - geology
Page 43 and 44: NOW 2015 2020 2025 Basin modelling
Page 45 and 46: 1.3 Well logging and in-well monito
Page 47 and 48: NOW 2015 2020 2025 Wireline formati
Page 49 and 50: 1.4 Core analysis and data interpre
Page 51 and 52: NOW 2015 2020 2025 TECHNOLOGIES AND
Page 53 and 54: 1.5 Fluid property analysis Challen
Page 57 and 58: 2. Field equipment Designing and bu
Page 59 and 60: 2.1 Corrosion plus equipment and ma
Page 61 and 62: NOW 2015 2020 2025 Corrosion resist
Page 63 and 64: 2.2 Operating in the ice and during
Page 67 and 68: 2.3 Management of sulphur Challenge
Page 69 and 70: NOW 2015 2020 2025 Sulphur separati
Page 71 and 72: 3. Fluid flow and processing Flow a
Page 73 and 74: 3.1 Flow assurance and sand control
Page 75 and 76: NOW 2015 2020 2025 3D flow modellin
Page 77 and 78: 3.2 Water management Challenge comm
Page 79 and 80: NOW 2015 2020 2025 Diagnostic evalu
Page 81 and 82: 4. Wells and field management The m
Page 83 and 84: 4.1 Drilling and well costs Challen
Page 85 and 86: As for the second challenge, most o
Page 87 and 88: NOW 2015 2020 2025 Casing and liner
Page 89 and 90:
4.2 Field management: optimised rec
Page 91 and 92:
NOW 2015 2020 2025 Well stimulation
Page 93 and 94:
5. HSE and operations The oil indus
Page 95 and 96:
5.1 Emergency response and disaster
Page 97 and 98:
NOW 2015 2020 2025 Quantitative ris
Page 99 and 100:
5.2 Operational HSE risk reduction
Page 101 and 102:
NOW 2015 2020 2025 Breathing appara
Page 103 and 104:
5.3 Environmental impact Challenge
Page 105 and 106:
NOW 2015 2020 2025 Chemical and mem
Page 107 and 108:
Technology and R&D n R&D funding ne
Page 109 and 110:
GOVERNANCE Process platform: govern
Page 111 and 112:
Capabilities across the 15 prime ch
Page 113 and 114:
GOVERNANCE NOW 2015 2020 2025 Proce
Page 115 and 116:
INDUSTRY ENABLERS SKILLS R&D GOVERN
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