Fly-tipping: Causes, Incentives and Solutions - Keep Britain Tidy

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Fly-tipping: Causes, Incentives and Solutions there was enormous variation. For example, fines for tipping hazardous waste ranged from £300 to £20,899. Immediate custody was rare and seems reserved for the most serious of cases where hazardous waste is involved. Figure 5.2: Sentencing outcomes 1993-2004 % of those found guilty 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 Tipping controlled waste Tipping hazardous waste Duty of care Waste management licence 0 Absolute Discharge Conditional Discharge Fine Community Sentence Suspended Sentence Immediate Custody Other Disposal The figures reported in Figure 5.1 and Figure 5.2 show a slightly different pattern to that reported by the Environment Agency. The conviction rate of prosecutions brought by the EA is higher at 96% but with a lower average fine of £1500 (Better Regulation Executive, 2005). Figure 5.3 shows prosecutions by region, and reveals the extent to which duty of care cases are concentrated in London. Again, the reason for this unusual pattern is not known. 51
Fly-tipping: Causes, Incentives and Solutions Figure 5.3: Number of prosecutions by region, 1993-2004 North East North West Yorkshire and Humberside East Midlands West Midlands East London South East South West Wales 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 Number of Prosecutions Tipping Controlled Waste Tipping Hazardous Waste Duty of Care Waste Management Licence Source: Court Proceedings Database at the Office for Criminal Justice Reform. Offenders’ criminal careers Information about individuals convicted of one or more of the fly-tipping offences during 2004 was obtained from the Home Office Police National Computer data. This included importantly their criminal histories, to develop an offender profile. In matching court records of prosecutions with those on the PNC, discrepancies between the two databases emerged. According to the Court Proceedings Database at the Office for Criminal Justice Reform, the total number of convictions for these four offences in 2004 was 705. However, PNC only appeared to have a record of 342 of these offences. These differences varied according to the type of offence, as shown in Table 5.1. Table 5.1: Number of fly-tipping convictions in England and Wales in 2004, according to the Court Proceedings Database at the Office for Criminal Justice Reform (CPD at OCJR) and the Home Office Police National Computer (HOPNC). CPD at OCJR HOPNC 52
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Fly-tipping: Causes, Incentives and Solutions - Keep Britain Tidy

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