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The new Administration will have limited<br />

financial resources. It should support<br />

with ample developmental funds and tax<br />

subsidies only those few green technologies<br />

that will provide the greatest beneficial<br />

impact during the next one to two decades.<br />

John L. Gardon<br />

Bloomfield Hills, Mich.<br />

MELAMINE-CONTAMINATED MILK<br />

technical specialist on the auditing team at<br />

Gasser Associates, a nuclear energy consulting<br />

group now known as Fire Prevention<br />

Inc. The team would audit the laboratories<br />

that did the alcohol and drug abuse<br />

testing for employees at nuclear facilities.<br />

As the technical specialist, I would audit<br />

the site where the urine specimens were<br />

collected and follow through the chain of<br />

custody to the laboratory. There, I would<br />

audit the laboratory testing procedures.<br />

The specimen was tested by gas chromatography.<br />

If the test was negative, the<br />

person was cleared. If it tested positive, the<br />

specimen was then tested by mass spectrometry.<br />

If the specimen tested positive<br />

by MS, the employee would then be sent to<br />

the medical review officer (MRO). I would<br />

EVERY ARTICLE I’VE READ about the<br />

milk products from China that contain intentionally<br />

added melamine uses the term<br />

“tainted” as if it is equivalent to flavor going<br />

bad because of mold growth or a minor<br />

unintended impurity (C&EN, Sept. 29, page<br />

18). The addition of melamine to fool food<br />

quality control tests of watered-down milk<br />

is intentional and criminal adulteration with<br />

no regard to health consequences. There is<br />

nothing accidental or minor about it.<br />

“Tainted” doesn’t begin to describe<br />

this unforgivable act. C&EN and all other<br />

publications should stop using this descriptor.<br />

After the pet-food scare, people<br />

who continued the use of melamine were<br />

knowingly poisoning human food. The perpetrators<br />

should be held criminally liable<br />

for recklessly causing serious illness and<br />

death in children.<br />

Where melamine or other contaminants<br />

are indeed unintentional contaminants<br />

at levels that are exceedingly low<br />

and not reasonably expected to cause<br />

adverse health effects, the term tainted is<br />

an overstatement. Given enough analytical<br />

power, myriad natural and man-made<br />

chemicals can be found in foods. The question<br />

for such impurities should be, “What<br />

is the scientifically determined level of risk<br />

compared to the cost and benefits of their<br />

removal?” C&EN should make clear the<br />

difference between unintended low-level<br />

contamination and the active adulteration<br />

of food products with the intent to<br />

deceive. Tainted is inappropriate for both<br />

extremes.<br />

Georjean Adams<br />

Woodbury, Minn.<br />

FOILING CHEATERS<br />

“TO CATCH A CHEAT” by Melody Voith<br />

was very interesting (C&EN, Sept. 8, page<br />

23). My experience with drug testing involved<br />

the Nuclear Regulatory Commission’s<br />

Fitness for Duty program. I was the<br />

more than chemistry<br />

Drug Substance development:<br />

Phasing forward with PCAS<br />

• PCAS is a world-class integrated provider of exclusive synthesis solutions<br />

for pharmaceutical NCEs in all phases of development.<br />

• Full service for drug substance production for clinical trials (INDA, IMPD)<br />

through to launch.<br />

• Differenciated technology toolbox to develop innovative synthesis<br />

routes (chiral synthesis, biocatalysis, organometallics,<br />

selective reductions...).<br />

Visit our web site www.pcas.fr<br />

• Scale-up capabilities from laboratory to commercial-scale<br />

production (4 FDA-inspected sites).<br />

• Comprehensive range of analytical development<br />

and regulatory services for development and dossier filing.<br />

WWW.CEN-ONLINE.ORG 5 NOVEMBER 3, 2008

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