Modern Polymer Spect..

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3.20 References 203 [41] M. Gussoni, C. Castiglioni and G. Zerbi. in SjJNti'o.SCOpy qf rlduarrced Mciterinls (Eds. R. J. H. Clark and R. E. Hester) Wiley, New York, 1991, p. 251. [42j G. Zerbi. M. Gussoni and G. Castiglioni. in Coi+tyaterl Po/ym,r.s, (Eds. J. L. Bredas and R. Silbey) Kluwer, Netherland, 1991, p. 435. [43] C. Castiglioni, M. Del Zoppo and G. Zerbi, .I R~mm Spectry.. 1993 24. 485. 1441 We consider as almost unique example of the existence of long range interactions in covalent systems the superlinear increase with conjugation length of the second order hyperpolarizability y in long chain polyenes as reported by: I. D. W. Samuel. 1. Ledoux, C. Dhenaut, J. Zyss, H. M. Fox; R. R. Scrock and R. J. Silbey, Science, 1994 256, 1070. [45] G. Natta and P. Corradini, Nuotjo Cinzeiito, Siqpl., 1960 15, 40. [46] B. Wunderlich. hlcicrortzoleciilur Physics, Vols I and 2, Academic, New York, 1976. (471 See, for instance, P. De Sanctis, E. Giglio, A. Liquori and A. Ripanionti, J. Po/yrn. Sci., 1963 Al; 1383. [48J P. Flory. Statisticcil Mechanics of Chciirz Mokecdes, Interscience, New York, 1969. [49] M. Tasumi and T. Shimanouchi, J. Cheiii. Phys, 1965 43, 1245; M. Tasumi and S. Krimm, J. Cherii. Phys., 1967 46, 755. [50] L. Piseii and G. Zerbi, J. Mol. Spctry., 1968 26, 254. [51] A. A. Maradudin, E. W. Montroll and G. H. Weiss, Solid State Pliys., Si/pp/., 1963 3, 1. [52J L. Brillouin, HJaoe Propagation in Periodic Strrrctures, Dover, New York, 1953. [53] G. Zerbi, in Advances in Infrared and Raman Sprcfroscop-v, (Eds. R. J. H. Clark and R. E. Hester) Wiley, 1984, p. 301. [S4] G. Zerbi and M. Sacchi, Mucromolecrilrs, 1973 6, 692. [55] P. Bosi, R. Tubino and G. Zerbi, J. Clzeriz. Phys.? 1973 59, 4578. [56] L. Piseri and G. Zerbi, J. Chern. Phys., 1968 4S, 3561; G. Zerbi and L. Piseri, J. Chew?. Phys., 1968 49. 3840. 1571 For Calculations of dispersion curves of Hydrogen bonded systems in one dimension: R. Tubino and G. Zerbi, J. Chem. Phj..s., 1969 51, 4509; A. B. Dempster and G. Zerbi, J. Cliem Pliys., 1971 54, 3600; R. Tubino and G. Zerbi, .I. Cheni. Phys. 1970 53, 1428. [58] G. Zerbi, C. Castiglioni and M. Del Zoppo. in Conducting Polymer: The Oligorner Approuch (K. Mullen and G. Wegner Eds. ) VCH, Keinheim (1998). [59] C. Castiglioni, M, Gussoni and G. Zerbi, J. Cheni. Phis., 1991 95, 7144. [60J R. Tubino, L. Piseri and G. Zerbi. J. Chenr. Phys., 1972 56, 1022. 1611 P. W. Higgs, Proc. Roy. Soc., London, 1953 11220, 472. [62] T. Miyazawa, J. Clieni. Phys., 1961 35, 693. [63] G. Masetti. S, Abbate, M. Gussoni and G. Zerbi. J. C/zenz. P/z,vs., 1980 73, 4671. [64j B. Orel, R. Tubino and G. Zerbi, Mo1ec~rlrrr Plz~x, 1975 30. 37. [65] G. Zerbi, F. Ciampelli and V. Zaniboni, J. PO/.VJJ. Sci., Ptrrt C, 1964 141. [66] G. Zerbi, Probiiig the Real Struetiire of Chciin Molecules by Vibrational Spectroscopy? American Chemical Society, Specialist Reports. 1983 203, 487. I671 T. Miyazawa and T. Kitagawa, J. Polwn. Sci., 1965 B2, 395; S. Enomoto and M. Asahina, Pol.vm. Sci., 1964 A2, 3523. [68] R. G. Snyder, J. Mol. Spectry., 1961 7, 116; R. G. Snyder, in Methods of E.xperinieiitd Physics (Ed. R. A. Fava). Academic, New York, Vol. 16, part A, p. 73. [69] S. Krimm, Achmce.r 117 Poljvrier Scieme, 1960 2, 51. [70] D. Dows, in Plivsics mid Chrrnisfry of Orgarlic Solid State, (Eds. 1. Fox, M. M. Labes and A. Weissberger) Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1963, Vol. 1; W. Vedder and D. F. Hornig, Aehmzces in Spec~troscoly, 1962 2, 189; M. I. Bank and S. Krimm, J. Appl. Pliy,~., 1969 10, 248; S. Kriinin and T. C. Cheam. Fmwluy Disc. Chem. Soc. 1979 68, 243. [71J V. Zamboni and G. Zerbi, J. Po!,?n. Sci., 1964 C7, 153: G. Zerbi and G. Masetti, .J. Mol. Spectry, 1967 22, 284; G. Zerbi and J. P. Hendra. J. Mol. Spectry., 1968 27, 17. [72] For Polytetrafluoroethylene: F. J. Boerio and J. L. Koenig, J. them. Phj.s., 1971 54, 3667 and C. J. Peacock, P. J. Hendra, H. A. Willis and M. E. A. Cudby, J. C/ic/i/. Soc. A. 1970 2943. [73] For Isotactic Polypropylene, ref. 66, p. 501, and G. Masetti, unpublished work. 1741 M. Peraldo, Giizz. Chi~tr. Ztal, 1959 89, 798; M. Peraldo and M. Farina, Chi///, Did iMilaii), 1960 4-3, 1349.
204 3 Vibrational Spectra [is (i Prohe of Structiirul Ordeer, [75] G. Zerbi, M. Gussoni and F. Ciampelli, Spectr~ochini. Actci, 1967 23, 301. [76] G. Masetti, F. Cabassi and G. Zerbi, Polymer, 1980 21, 143. [77] G. Natta and P. Corradini, Atti Accad. Nazle. Lincei, Mein. Ckrisse Sci. Fis. Mu/. Nor., 1955 4, 73: G. Natta, P. Corradini and M. Cesari, ibici.. 1960 21, 365. [78] G. Zerbi, Sperialist Reports 1983, 203, 501. 1791 H. JeKreys and B. S. Jeffreys, Method3 of Mertliemuti~d Physics, Cambridge, New York, 1950, p. 40; P. Dean and J. L. Martin, PIX Roy. Soc. (London), 1960 A259, 309; P. Dean, Rev. Mod. Pliys., 1972 44, 127. [80] A. Rubcic and G. Zerbi, il/lnrrorrio/ecirles. 1974 7, 754. [81] W. Myers, J. L. Donovan and J. S. King, J. Cheni. Phys., 1965 42, 4299; G. C. Summerfield, J. Chem. Pliys., 1965 43, 1079. [82] A. Sjolander, Arkio. Fysi/c, 1958 14, 315. [83] L. V. Tarasov, Soviet P1iys.-Solid State, English Transl., 1961 3, 1039. [84] S. Trevino and H. Boutin, J. Macrornol. Sci., 1967 Al, 723. [Sj] W. Myers, G. C. Summerfield and J. S. King, J. Chem. Phys., 1986 44, 184. [86] S. F. Parker J. Chem. Soc., Faradq Tram> 1996 92, 1941. [87] Faraday Discussions of the Chemical Society Orpnixifion of Miicronio/ec,/iles in the Condensed Phase, No. 68, Roy. Soc. Chem. 1979. [88] G. Zerbi in Phonons, (M. A. Nusimovici Ed.), Proceedings of the international conference, Rennes, France 1971, p. 248. [89] G. Zerbi and G. Cortili, Chern. Comnt, 1965 13, 295; G. Cortili and G. Zerbi, Spectrochini. Actrr, 1967 33A, 285. 1901 A. Rubcic and G. Zerbi, hfncrornolecules, 1974 7, 759. [91] M. Tasumi and G. Zerbi, J. Cheni. Phys. 1968 48, 3813. [92] B. Fanconi, Ann. Rev. Pliys. Clien?. 1980 31, 265. [93] C. Schmid and K. Holzl, J. Polyni. Sci., Pliys. Ed.., 1972 10, 1881; C. Schmid and K. Holzl, J. Phys. C, 1973 6, 2401; V. N. Kozyrenko, L. Kumpanenko and V. Mikhailov, J. Polyrn. Sci.. Polpi. Pliys. Ed., 1977 IS, 1721. [94] G. Zannoni and G. Zerbi, J. Mol. Struct., 1983 1000, 385. See also J. J. Ladik, Qucrntuni Theory qfSolids, Plenum, New York, 1987, p. 140. [95] G. Zerbi, L. Piseri and F. Cabassi, Mo/. Plzys., 1971 2-3, 241. [96] J. H. Wilkinson, Computer J. 1958 I , 90. [97] M. Gussoni and G. Zerbi, J. Cheni. Phys., 1974 60, 4862. [98] I. F. Chang and S. S. Mitra, Atlo. Phys., 1971 20, 359. [99] G. Zerbi and M. Gussoni, Polymer, 1980 21, 1129. [ 1001 A. Rubcic and G. Zerbi, Macromolecules, 1974 7, 759. [I011 M. Tasumi and G. Zerbi, J. Cheni. Phys., 1968 48, 3813. [I021 R. G. Snyder and M. Poore, Macromolecules, 1973 6, 709. [103] G. Zerbi, R. Magni, M. Gussoni, K. Holland-Moritz, A, Bigotto and S. Dirlikov, J. Chem Phys., 1981 75, 3175. [I041 For the works by the school of R. G. Snyder in this field see, for instance, M. Maroncelli, S. P. Qi. H. L. Strauss and R. G. Snyder, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1982 104, 6237. [I051 A. Keller, Furaday Disc. Cllem. Soc. 1979 68, 244. [lo61 G. Bucci and T. Simonazzi, J. Polynz. Sci., port C. Polymer Symposia, 1964 7, 203. [107] G. Zerbi, G. Minoni and A. P. Tulloch, J. Chn. Phys.. 1983 78, 5853. [I081 G. Vergottin, G. Fleury and I. Moschetto, Advvrrnces i7 hqiared and Ramari Spectroscopy, (Ed. R. J. H. Clark and R. E. Hester) Heyden, London, 1978, vol. 4, p. 195. [I091 G. Zerbi, G. Conti, G. Minoni, S. Pison and A. Bigotto, J. Phys. Chem., 1987 91, 2386. [I101 G. Minoni and G. Zerbi, J. Phys. Cliem., 1982 96, 4791. [ 11 I] M. Del Zoppo and G. Zerbi, Poljmer, 1990 31, 658. [I 121 E. Galbiati and G. Zerbi, J. Chem. Phys. 1986 84, 3500. [I131 E. Galbiati and G. Zerbi, J. C/iem. Plzys., 1987 87, 3653. [114] E. Galbiati, G. Zerbi, E. Benedetti and E. Chiellini, Polymer, 1991 3-3, 1555. [ 1151 S. J. Spells, S. J. Organ, A. Keller and G. Zerbi, Polymer. 1987 28, 697. [116] H. Kay and B. A. Newman, .4cta Crystollogr. 1968 B24, 615.
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Modern Polymer Spectroscopy Edited
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Modern Polymer Spectroscopy Edited
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Preface For unfortunate reasons the
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However, theory and calculations yi
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Contents 1 Two-Dimensional Infrared
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Con ten t~ xi Index 5.2 Force Field
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Contributors M. Del Zoppo Dipartime
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1 Two-Dimensional Infrared (2D IR)
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1.2 Brick~qrorrnrl 3 . Figure 1-3.
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1.0 , Figure 1-6. The in-phtrse and
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1.2 Bcrckgroinizd 7 where AA (i~) i
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1.2 Background 9 1.2.5 Two-Dimensio
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1.3 Bnsic Properties of 20 IR Corre
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2D IR spectrometer coupled with a d
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1.5 Applirtrtions 15 Unlike a dispe
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\ '\ Melliyleiie 1'7- -3000 Posiliv
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11 Amorphous Crystalline ,...." I F
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1.5 Applications 21 / I 1430 Figure
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1.5 Appliccitioiis 23 Methylene Fig
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1.5 Ajqdicrrtions 25 3024 Figure 1-
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1.5 Applicutions 27 Furthermore. th
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1.7 Coizclirsions 29 derived in a s
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1.9 References 31 [9] Colthup, N. B
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2 Segmental Mobility of Liquid Crys
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SRMPLE/DETECTOR e3 ‘retardation
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2.4 Srvuc me-Dependenr Alignment 37
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2.5 Electric Field-Innductid Orirnt
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2.5 Electric Field-nclticetl Orient
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a -@ COWER SRHPLE ._ 2.5 Elec tric
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2.5 Electric Field-Itzduced Orienta
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2.5 Electric Field-IwrElrced Orient
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2.5 Electric Field-Im/irced Orientu
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2.5 Electric Field-Induced Orientli
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2.5 Electric Field-Induced Orientat
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2.5 Electric Field-Induced Orienfat
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2.5 Elrc tric Field-Iiidircwl Orim
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2500 2008 I s00 WRVtNdMRtR CM-I Fig
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-3.6 Aligmient OJ' Side- Clinin Liy
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~ polyester 2.6 Alignnient qf Side-
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I." 0.9 0.8 Figure 2-34. FTlR 0.7 p
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induced alignment of the investigat
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2.7 Orientation oj Liquid Ci:i,stal
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2.7 Orieritation of Liquid Ciysttrl
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0 8 18 16 1 a W u z a m a 0 Ln m Q
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2.7 Orientation oj Liquid Crystals
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2.7 Orientation of Liquid Crjvtals
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2.7 Orientatioiz of Liquid Crystals
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2.8 Conclusions 81 strain. As A0 is
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3. I0 Refcreiice.r 83 [I 71 Hoffina
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2.10 References 85 [92] Wiesner, U.
Page 102 and 103:
t Order/Disorder in Chain Molecules
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onds which hold atoms together thro
Page 106 and 107:
3.2 The Dyriamical Case qf Simll ar
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3.2 The Dyrinniical Case of Sinnll
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3.4 S11or.f- and Loizg-Rcrizye Vibr
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3.4 Slzort- and Loiig-Range Vibrati
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eyularity), e.g., 2. During the pol
Page 116 and 117:
3.5 Towards Lnrger Molecules: From
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3.5 TOIIYW~ Laiyer Molertiles: Fvoi
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3.5 Towmu" Larger Molecules: F~om O
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1700 - CIO --- ca c 22 _- c 12 l l
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3.6 From Dynamics to Vibrational Sp
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3.6 Froin Dynaiiiics to T’ihratio
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3.7 The Case of Isotactic Polypropy
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3.7 The Cuse of Isotactic Polypvop.
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3.8 Density of Vibrational States a
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3.8 Dtvz.sit,v of L’ihrntioizal S
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3.8 Driisity of Vibratioiid StLitrs
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3 9 Mouiiiq ToIvmds Rerrlitv: From
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3.9 Moving Towards Reality: From Or
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3.9 Moving Towards Reality: Froin O
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3.10 Wlmt Do We Learn from Cnlcailc
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+ 3.11 A Very Siriiple Ccrse: Latti
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3 I1 A Yey) Siiiiple Case: LLittice
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3.11 A Vq> Siiiiplc Crrw: Luttice D
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Figure 3-22. Sample eigenvectors in
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3.12 CIS-trans Opening @the Double
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3.13 Defect Modes cis Structtrr.al
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3.13 Defect Mo&s cis Structurcil Pr
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0 3.14 Case Studies N 0 d - Y N o m
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3.14 Case Studies 147 OC 60 58 57.
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3.14 Case Studies 149 GI A V E N U
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3.14 Case Studies 15 1 correspond t
Page 168 and 169: 3.14 Case Studies 153 (I10 + 200) +
Page 170 and 171: 3.14 Case Studies 155 1500 1480 146
Page 172 and 173: 3.14 Case Studies 157 the molecular
Page 174 and 175: 17E (ir 1, R): (iii) z = 4, t = 1,
Page 176 and 177: 3.16 Stnictural Znlioi~zogeneity an
Page 178 and 179: 3.1 7 Fermi Resonancrs 163 stants.
Page 180 and 181: 3.1 7 Femi Resorinnces 165 2 L 1 29
Page 182 and 183: lowing. The CHl-bending mode 6 [cer
Page 184 and 185: 3.17 Ferini Re.sonrriire.s 169 a Fi
Page 186 and 187: 3. I7 Fernii Resoiiances 17 1 terin
Page 188 and 189: 3.18 Band Broadening and Confonnati
Page 190 and 191: 3.18 Bmd Brourleiziriy md Cmforrnat
Page 192 and 193: 3.18 Band Bvoaderiing arid Conjonna
Page 194 and 195: 3.18 Band Broadening and Confornmti
Page 196 and 197: 3.19 A Worked E.utinple 181 pre-mel
Page 198 and 199: 3.19 A Wovh-ecl E.uanzple 183
Page 200 and 201: 3.19 A Worked Example 185 19 5°C 2
Page 202 and 203: 3.19 A Workrd Example 187 Figure 3-
Page 204 and 205: 3.19 A Worked E.rcnniplr 189 LAM I
Page 206 and 207: 3.19 A Worked E.xuniple 191 Figure
Page 208 and 209: 3.19 A Worked E.vnn~yle 193 Figure
Page 210 and 211: 3.19 A Worked E.vnrqde 195 009.1 00
Page 212 and 213: 3.19 A Worked Example 197 existence
Page 214 and 215: 3.1 9 A Worked Example 199 The soli
Page 216 and 217: 3.20 References 201 very important,
Page 220 and 221: 3.20 Refeeveiicrs 205 [I 171 P. Jon
Page 222 and 223: 4 Vibrational Spectroscopy of Intac
Page 224 and 225: 4.3 Georrietvy oj Intuct Po1vniev.r
Page 226 and 227: 1'45 4.4 Geometric Chunges I?zditce
Page 228 and 229: 4.4 Geometric Chmges Iiid~lrcecl bj
Page 230 and 231: 4 5 Mer1iodolog.v of Raiii~11 Studi
Page 232 and 233: 4.7 Poly(p-pheiq.lene) 217 with an
Page 234 and 235: 4.7 Pol)~(p-pheiz~~lene) 219 ENERGY
Page 236 and 237: is worthwhile pointing out that the
Page 238 and 239: ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 801 Table 4-3
Page 240 and 241: 4.7 Poly(y-phenylene) 225 Figure 4-
Page 242 and 243: Table 4-4. Observed Raman frequenci
Page 244 and 245: 4.8 Other Polwieys 229 Table 4-5. T
Page 246 and 247: under various models. According to
Page 248 and 249: 4. I0 Mechnriism oj Charge. Transpo
Page 250 and 251: 4.12 Reftrences 235 [ 131 Kuzmany,
Page 252 and 253: 4.12 References 237 [98j Matsunuma,
Page 254 and 255: 5 Vibrational Spectroscopy of Polyp
Page 256 and 257: 5.2 FOYCC Fields 241 such calculati
Page 258 and 259: 5.2 Force Fields 243 accounts for o
Page 260 and 261: 5.2 Force Fields 245 centers of the
Page 262 and 263: 5.2 Force Fields 247 ture with conf
Page 264 and 265: 5.3 Amide Modes 249 to the nh initi
Page 266 and 267: 5.3 Ainide Modes 251 Table 5-1. Ami
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Table 5-2. Some amide modes of four
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5.3 Amidc Modes 255 Figure 5-1. Opt
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5.4 Polypeptides 257 nonhydrogen-bo
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5.4 Polvpeptida 259 Figure 5-2. Ant
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I 5.4 Polypeptides 261 )I .- + $ 80
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1226M 1222s (1 1165W 1167s (1 1120V
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135s 9 1 Ms1i 122Wbr 147 NH ob(37)
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5.4 Polypeptides 267 glycine residu
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5.4 Polypeptides 269 Raman bands in
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5.4 Polypeptides 271 Figure 5-7. St
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Frequency (cm-'1 100% b 700 500 300
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5.4 Polypptidt~s 215 Table 5-9. Obs
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~~ ~~ ~~~ ~ ~ ~~ 5.4 Polypeptides 2
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5.4 Poliyeptides 219 Table 5-11. Co
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Table 5-12. Aniide mode frequencies
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1351 Lifson, S., Stern, P. S., J. C
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5.6 Refeverices 285 [130] Tiffany,
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Index Amide modes 249 Amorphous pol
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Step-scan FTIR spectroscopy 14,34 -
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