Vol 44 # 4 December 2012 - Kma.org.kw

December 2012
KUWAIT MEDICAL JOURNAL 300
Table 4: Relationship between giving advice about diabetes to offspring and recognition of etiological factors
Recognition of etiological factors
Yes
n (%)
No
n (%)
OR (95% CI)
p- value
Lack of exercise
Yes
No
Overeating
Yes
No
Unbalanced diet
Yes
No
Heredity
Yes
No
Risk perception and advising
Risk perception
Yes
No
Necessary to give advice
Yes
No
61 (48.4)
20 (27.0)
60 (42.9)
21 (35.0)
36 (37.5)
21 (20.2)
60 (53.1)
28 (32.2)
5 (85.7)
75 (38.9)
79 (59.4)
2 (3.0)
65 (51.6)
54 (73.0)
80 (57.1)
39 (65.0)
60 (62.5)
83 (79.8)
53 (46.9)
59 (67.8)
1 (14.3)
118 (61.1)
54 (40.6)
65 (97.0)
2.53 (1.36 - 4.71)
-
1.39 (0.74 - 2.61)
-
2.37 (1.26 - 4.46)
-
2.39 (1.33 - 4.27)
-
7.87 (0.90 - 68.66)
-
47.55 (11.16 - 202.49)
-
0.0030*
0.3008
0.0069*
0.0032*
0.0291*
< 0.001*
* Significant : p ≤ 0.05, OR = Odds ratio; CI = Confidence interval
Table 2 reveals attitude of diabetics and their actual
provision of advice to their offspring about prevention
of diabetes. Just a total of 81 (40.5%) out of the studied
diabetic subjects actually advised them about how to
adopt preventive measures, while two thirds (66.5%)
recognized that it is necessary to give advice to their
offsprings.
Table 3 portrays the relationship between giving
advice about diabetes to offspring and parental
factors. Those holding a university or higher certificate
were more significantly likely to give advice to their
offspring (OR = 1.96, 95% CI = 1.09 – 3.51, p = 0.0236).
Those experiencing diabetic complications significantly
tended not to advice their offspring as only 24.4% of
them passed on this advice compared with 68.5% of
those without complications (OR = 0.15, 95% CI =
0.08 – 0.28, p < 0.001). The same trend was noticed for
those with positive family history of diabetes as only
35.8% of those with positive family history advised
their offspring about diabetes prevention compared
with 58.5% of those with negative family history of
diabetes (OR = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.19 – 0.79, p = 0.0085).
Diabetic patients giving advice to their offspring were
significantly younger than those not giving advice
(52.2 ± 8.7 compared with 59.2 ± 11.1 years, p < 0.001).
Sex, obesity, regimen of treatment, hospital admission
related to diabetes, living with offspring and duration
of diabetes were not significantly associated with
advising offspring about prevention of development
of diabetes.
Table 4 reveals the relationship between actually
advising children about prevention of and recognition
of etiological factors of diabetes. Univariate analysis
showed that recognizing lack of exercise (OR = 2.53,
95% CI = 1.36 – 4.71, p = 0.003), unbalanced diet (OR =
2.37, 95% CI = 1.26 – 4.46, p = 0.0069), risk perception
of diabetes (OR = 7.87, 95% CI = 0.90 – 68.66, p =
0.0291), and necessity of giving advice about diabetes
prevention to offspring (OR = 47.55, 95% CI = 11.16
– 202.49, p < 0.001) are significantly associated with
actually advising offsprings about diabetes. The only
etiological factor that was not significantly associated
with offspring advising was overeating (OR = 1.39, 955
CI = 0.74 – 2.61, p = 0.3008).
Table 5: Significant predictors of giving advice to offspring using stepwise forward likelihood multiple logistic regression
Factor
β Coefficient
OR
95% CI
p-value
Necessary to give advice to offspring
Diabetes related complications
Etiological recognition (Unbalanced diet)
Age
Constant
23.60
-1.48
1.24
-0.05
-0.15
23.60
0.23
3.46
0.96
-
5.25 – 106.09
0.10 – 0.50
1.59 – 7.55
0.91 – 0.99
-
< 0.001
< 0.001
0.002
0.036
0.915
OR = Odds ratio; CI = Confidence interval
The model could correctly classify 81.5%, with correction prediction ratio of those giving advice of 67% and 96% of those not giving advice.