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20 Ibid 21 Ibid 22 DCCAM From 1996 up to the present, Cambodia uses a system of 12 years of general education consisting of six years of primary, three years of lower secondary and three years of upper secondary education (6+3+3). Basic education covers the first nine years of schooling and it is intended to meet basic learning needs and also to instill lifelong learning skills that will lay the foundation on which continuous learning can be based. http://www.dccam.org/Projects/Genocide/pdf/Education_Development_2009_DC- Cam-Va%20Vuthy.pdf 23 UNICEF http://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/cambodia_statistics.html#67 24 Ibid 25 World Bank http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTCAMBODIA/Resources/ExecutiveSummar.pdf 26 Gender Index http://genderindex.org/country/cambodia 27 Clinton Foundation http://www.jbcfoundation.com/Cambodia.html 28 The average is taking experience, age and education into account. 29 The headship of the household is usually identified with the person who has the greater authority in the family or household. Power and authority, in turn may be vested in the member who has control over the general affairs of the family unit, including decision-making concerning its economic, social and political affairs 30 World Bank http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTCAMBODIA/Resources/ExecutiveSummar.pdf 31 PANGAEA http://pangaea.org/street_children/world/who3.htm CSCN 138 CSCN Street Children Profile 2009
32 PEPFAR http://2006-2009.pepfar.gov/press/81877.htm 33 National Institute of Statistics of Cambodia http://statsnis.org/SURVEYS/CSES2003-04/table12.htm 34 IOM http://www.iom.ch/jahia/webdav/shared/shared/mainsite/activities/countries/docs/ country_profile_cambodia.pdf 35 Ibid 36 Cambodian Street Children Network CSCN Cambodian Street Children Profile 2008 37 Although the term substance can refer to any physical matter, substance abuse has come to refer to the overindul-gence in and dependence of a drug or other chemical leading to effects that are detrimental to the individual’s physi-cal and mental health, or the welfare of others. 38 Human Rights Watch While drugs such as heroin and cannabis were widely used in Cambodia in the 1990s, the country witnessed a marked increase in yama (methamphetamine) use in the last decade. Currently, the main illicit substances used in Cambodia appear to be yama and ice (methamphetamine in crystal form). People who inject drugs are most likely to inject heroin. Solvents such as glue are commonly inhaled, especially by street children. Cannabis and, to a much lesser extent, ketamine, are also prevalent. The majority of people who use drugs are between 18 and 25 years old, and few are female. The use of two or more drugs is very common. Human Rights Watch, Skin on the Cable - The Illegal Arrest, Arbitrary Detention and Torture of People Who Use Drugs in Cambodia, January 25, 2010. 39 Mith Samlanh Survey of Substance Use Among Young People on the Streets of Phnom Penh, October 2008. 40 CSCN One of the significant reasons children and young people use ATS is often related to the CSCN CSCN Street Children Profile 2009 139
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ABBREVIATIONS ADB ATS CCASVA CRC CS
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TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ....
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INTRODUCTION Since 1991, when more
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ii. To conduct collective research
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Cambodian children working and/or l
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presentation will be conducted in t
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• Short interviews; • Do not fo
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youth, as opposed to open-ended one
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to survive on less than 1 dollar a
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challenge for Cambodia is to expand
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the largest section of migrants at
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in detention centers to provide sup
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Total Number of Street Children/You
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eflecting the vulnerability of both
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7.5 percent, Kampong Cham 4.4 perce
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PHNOM PENH Questionnaire Survey 200
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This graph illustrates the number o
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Origin of Families - Phnom Penh 200
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Level of Education upon Arrival at
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People the Child/Youth Lived With -
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Services Accessed by the Children/Y
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Work Undertaken The most common wor
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Children/Youth Registered by NGO -
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The Siem Reap data analysis, based
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Reasons for Living and/or Working o
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Time Spent on the Streets before Re
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Work Undertaken by the Children/You
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Work Undertaken The most common wor
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Gender/Age Distribution of Children
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Origin of Families - Neak Loeung 20
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Level of Education upon Arrival at
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People the Child/Youth Lived With -
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Main Problems Faced on the Streets
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Summary: Main Findings of the NEAK
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SIHANOUKVILLE Questionnaire Survey
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Breakdown of Street Children/Youth
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Reasons for Living and/or Working o
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Time Spent on the Streets before Re
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Work Undertaken by the Children/You
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Main Problems Most problems faced b
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Gender/Age Distribution of Children
Page 88 and 89: Origin of Families - Kampong Cham 2
Page 90 and 91: Level of Education upon Arrival at
Page 92 and 93: People the Child/Youth Lived With -
Page 94 and 95: Main Problems Faced on the Streets
Page 96 and 97: Summary: Main Findings of the KAMPO
Page 98 and 99: POIPET Questionnaire Survey 2009 Th
Page 100 and 101: Breakdown of Street Children/Youth
Page 102 and 103: Reasons for Living and/or Working o
Page 104 and 105: Time Spent on the Streets before Re
Page 106 and 107: Work Undertaken by the Children/You
Page 108 and 109: Services Accessed by the Children/Y
Page 110 and 111: Work Undertaken The most common wor
Page 112 and 113: migration source and destination as
Page 114 and 115: From the CSCN survey results it app
Page 116 and 117: ate experienced is 16.4 percent, wi
Page 118 and 119: years. Despite multiple factors lea
Page 120 and 121: DAMNOK TOEK (GOUTTE d’EAU) Questi
Page 122 and 123: KALIYAN MITH Questionnaire Location
Page 124 and 125: MITH SAMLANH Questionnaire Location
Page 126 and 127: KROUSAR THMEY Questionnaire Locatio
Page 128 and 129: M’LOP TAPANG Questionnaire Locati
Page 130 and 131: WORLD VISION CAMBODIA Questionnaire
Page 132 and 133: CCASVA - Cambodian Children Against
Page 134 and 135: Friends-International Questionnaire
Page 136 and 137: LIST OF REFERENCES 1 Asian Developm
Page 140 and 141: effect the drug has on their abilit
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