Recycling of Low Grade Clothing Waste - Oakdene Hollins

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© Oakdene Hollins Ltd, Salvation Army Trading Company Ltd Nonwovens Innovation & Research Institute Ltd September 2006 RRE‐USE RTM SATCoL SEPA TRA TRAID UPS WCA WDA WTO WEEE WRAP Re‐use and Recycling European Union Social Enterprises Resin Transfer Moulding Salvation Army Trading Company Limited Scottish Environment Protection Agency Textile Recycling Association Textile Recycling for Aid and International Development Unit Pricing Systems Waste Collection Authority Waste Disposal Authority World Trade Organisation Waste Electronic and Electrical Equipment Waste and Resources Action Programme Definitions It is important to clarify the precise meaning of key words that are the subject of this report. A textile is defined as any type of material made from fibres or other extended linear materials such as thread or yarn. Classes of textiles include woven, knitted, knotted or tufted cloth, and nonwoven fabrics such as felt. A textile can also be a single fibre, thread or yarn. Clothing is any item of apparel made primarily from textile materials, but excluding footwear as defined below. Footwear relates to items such as shoes and boots. Textiles represent only a small percentage by weight of footwear materials. Non‐apparel material relates to all textiles that are not made into clothing, such as household linens, carpets and curtains. The secondary textile industry collects, sorts and sells or recycles all types of used textiles and related items. Clothing makes up the majority of material by weight, but footwear, household linens, carpets and curtains are also collected. The term “textiles” is widely used in the industry to include all such items. Unless more specifically defined, “textiles” in this report is therefore used generically to refer to all materials handled by the industry. The economic and market data presented in this report are for domestic textiles only. They do not include the collection, sorting, re‐sale or recycling of textile waste from commercial or industrial activities. For Defra Page 2
© Oakdene Hollins Ltd, Salvation Army Trading Company Ltd Nonwovens Innovation & Research Institute Ltd September 2006 Contents 1 Executive Summary 5 1.1 Background 5 1.2 Report Layout 6 1.3 Findings 7 2 Project Organisation 15 Volume I Economic and Market Analysis 16 3 Background to Economic and Market Analysis 17 3.1 Scope of Textile Materials 17 3.2 Material Flows 17 3.3 Market Trends 18 3.4 Textile Recycling 19 4 Overview of Market 20 4.1 The New Clothing Market 20 4.2 Arisings of Used Textiles 22 4.3 Consumer Discard Patterns 23 4.5 Public Perception 27 5 Economic and Market Data 29 5.1 Arisings, Recovery and Disposal 29 5.2 Quality and Price Trends 39 5.3 Collection and Sorting Costs 41 6 Implications for Waste Stream 45 6.1 Market Forecast 45 6.2 Implications for Local Authority Activity 46 7 Market Imperfections 51 7.1 Summary of Market Failures 51 7.2 Transaction Costs 51 7.3 Information Failures 52 7.4 Consumption Externalities 53 7.5 Technological Externalities 53 7.6 Market Power 54 7.7 Potential Solutions to Market Failures 54 Volume I References 55 Volume I Appendices 56 Volume II Policy Interventions 59 8 Economic Instruments & Policy Interventions 61 8.1 Economic Instruments 61 8.2 Social and Economic Issues 62 8.3 Market Failures and Textile Recycling 63 For Defra Page 3
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Recycling of Low Grade Clothing Waste - Oakdene Hollins

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