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Link issue12 Final One - SCLG

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48<br />

Information Technology<br />

production, movement or sale of<br />

physical goods. This includes retailers,<br />

distributors, logistics service<br />

providers, manufacturers and their<br />

entire supplier base, hospitals and<br />

pharmaceuticals companies, and the<br />

entire food chain.<br />

It has the potential to improve<br />

efficiency and visibility, cut costs,<br />

deliver better asset utilisation,<br />

produce higher quality goods, reduce<br />

shrinkage and counterfeiting, and<br />

increase sales by reducing out-ofstocks.<br />

It can even help improve the<br />

safety of the food and<br />

pharmaceuticals we buy.<br />

The key to delivering all these<br />

benefits is cost. The falling price of<br />

RFID tags is a driver for the<br />

technology. <strong>One</strong> Canadian consumer<br />

products manufacturer has<br />

established that RFID becomes<br />

revenue-neutral at 15 cents per tag,<br />

at which point the prospect of RFID as<br />

a replacement for barcode labels<br />

becomes very real indeed.<br />

Tag pricing is critical. Industry is<br />

hoping that tag manufacturers can hit<br />

5 cents per unit, and that is being<br />

regarded as a breakthrough level. Yet<br />

even that is still too expensive for, say,<br />

an individual can of Coke, which is<br />

why packaging companies and other<br />

researchers are looking at innovative<br />

ways to apply this technology. In the<br />

coming years, at least, we are likely<br />

to see RFID tags and barcodes existing<br />

side by side.<br />

The path to RFID nirvana is not<br />

without its obstacles: tag costs are<br />

still high; readers can't always read all<br />

the cases on a pallet; one frequency<br />

and one tag design does not fit all;<br />

standards are in a state of flux; endusers<br />

lack real RFID knowledge; and<br />

radio interference can upset the bestlaid<br />

plans. Wal-Mart laid down its<br />

marker as an RFID pioneer by issuing<br />

mandates to its suppliers throughout<br />

the entire supply chain. Wal-Mart,<br />

Metro Group, Tesco, Target and the US<br />

Department of Defense all told their<br />

top suppliers to incorporate RFID tags<br />

in all pallet shipments by 2005. Wal-<br />

Mart then relented a little, having<br />

found that not only would its suppliers<br />

find the deadline hard to meet, but so<br />

would Wal-Mart itself. Wal-Mart is now<br />

on track to have RFID in 600 stores and<br />

Squeezing cost and<br />

inefficiency out of the<br />

supply chain has been<br />

one of the recurring<br />

mantras of the<br />

industrialised world<br />

for the past 50 years.<br />

12 distribution centres by the end of<br />

this year.<br />

But early adopters of the technology<br />

are by no means confined to the retail<br />

sector. Among the Oracle customers<br />

undertaking trials or actively<br />

implementing RFID today are DHL in<br />

the Americas and Europe, NASA in the<br />

USA, YCH in Singapore, Dolomiti<br />

Superski in Italy, McCarran Airport in<br />

Las Vegas and NHK in Japan.<br />

Whether it enters the mainstream<br />

this year or next or even in 2010, the<br />

business value of RFID is undeniable. It<br />

will create winners all round.<br />

Manufacturers will benefit from<br />

increased inventory visibility, more<br />

efficient use of labour, better line<br />

operations and improved fulfilment.<br />

Retailers can benefit from reduced<br />

inventory, because the improved<br />

supply chain visibility allows better<br />

demand forecasting, lower safety<br />

stocks and lower order cycle times.<br />

Automated data capture will also cut<br />

costs by reducing labour in the store<br />

and warehouse, and fewer sales will<br />

be lost through out-of-stocks.<br />

And it's not just the retail sector<br />

that will benefit. Manufacturing<br />

industry as a whole will be able to<br />

fine-tune the supply chain to optimise<br />

efficiency and minimise inventory and<br />

waste. RFID tags in car sub-assemblies<br />

will make safety checks and recalls<br />

faster and easier. Tags in sub-sea<br />

structures like oil and gas pipelines<br />

will make maintenance and repair<br />

simpler. Hospitals will be able to<br />

maximise their return on assets by<br />

tracking the whereabouts of expensive<br />

and life-saving equipment at all times.<br />

The pharmaceutical industry will be<br />

able to reduce or even eliminate<br />

counterfeiting by giving each unit of<br />

dosage a unique Electronic Product<br />

Code (EPC) number. This will allow<br />

data to be recorded and be accessible<br />

to all supply chain partners on a drug's<br />

current location, all historical<br />

locations, the time spent at each<br />

location and environmental storage<br />

conditions throughout its life.<br />

The technology will benefit lots of<br />

other industries, too. Customer<br />

returns will be facilitated for the<br />

consumer electronics sector;<br />

aerospace will have safer handling of<br />

hazardous materials; port security will<br />

Supply Chain & Logistics Group | www.sclgme.org

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