Volume 1

CUT BANK CREEK—MURDER OF MENARD. 311
kinds, some almost as large as fallow deer, and others much
smaller, red and white spotted ; the latter had young, and
did not appear so shy as those we had seen before. The
young ones, sighting us, would run up to us within a few
the dams would come on behind them with
more caution, until their curiosity was satisfied.
At noon we stopped to refresh our horses; in an hour
we were again on our march, and at four o'clock crossed
Riviere P16," which takes its rise in Moose mountain about
yards, while
15 leagues W. from this, and, after a course of about 20
leagues through an open plain, empties into Riviere la
Souris, a few leagues below Riviere aux Saules. Along this
river no wood grows except a few stunted willows.
At this
place old Menard" was pillaged and murdered by three
Antilocapra americana (which Umfreville calls apistochikoshish, p. 165,
1790). Fallow deer is Henry's name of the common deer, Cariacus vir^
ginianus.
"'
Cut Bank cr., the largest and only considerable tributary of Mouse r. from
the W. within the loop this river makes in N. Dakota. On the parallel of 49?
N., the point where Mouse r. enters N. Dakota is 50 m. W. of the point
where, having made its bold sweep southward and looped back upon itself, it
recrosses the boundary of the U. S. at 49° N. again, 20 m. W. of Turtle mt.
Cut Bank cr. traverses this loop southeastwardly, to fall into Mouse r. near Wood
End; it thus lies directly across Henry's southwesterly trail. We can hardly
say how high up he struck it, but the place was in Renville Co., not far from
the N. W. corner of McHenry Co. The G. L, O. map of 1892 letters the
stream " Cub Bank Cr."
^' In L. and C, p. 178, note '^, I cite a passage from Clark, Codex C 59,
which relates that "a french man has latterly been killed by the Indians on
the Track to the tradeing establishment on the Ossineboine R." I had at the
time no clew to the identity of the murdered Frenchman, but have now no
doubt that Clark referred to the " old Menard " here mentioned by Henry, as it
is not likely that any other murder would fit the requirements of Clark's relations
so closely as this one does. There were various other Menards in the
fur-trade.— Joseph Menard of the N. W. Co. was a foreman in the Athabasca
Dept. in 1804.—Pierre Menard of Quebec, b. 1767, was at Vincennes as agt.
of Col. Vigo, 17S6, and in 1808 associated himself with Manuel de Lisa : see L.
and C. ed. 1893; he died at Kaskaskia, 1814 : biogr. in Tasse, II. pp. 55-72. He
had two brothers, Fran9ois and Hippolyte, both of whom left Quebec for Kaskaskia,
1795: biogr. of Fran9ois in Tasse, II. pp. 73-8i- He had a son,
Pierre Menard, jun.—Michel Branamour Menard, nephew of Col. Pierre
Menard of Kaskaskia, b. La Prairie, Canada, Dec. 5th, 1805; traded at Kas-