STATE OF THE FIELD IN YOUTH ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES

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Table of Contents Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Annexes 2012 State of the Field in Youth Economic Opportunities This paper examines the employment impact of multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Liberia. Its principal purpose is to explore the potential role that MNEs could play in creating more and better jobs. It is part of a broader study that also includes Côte d’Ivoire and Sierra Leone. This research is intended to provide a timely and meaningful contribution towards tackling national youth employment challenges exacerbated by fourteen years of armed conflict. Aring, M. (2011, April). Technical and Vocational Education and Training: A Study of Promising Models in International Development. Accessible at: http://www.equip123.net/docs/e3-TVET. pdf This paper examines four approaches to technical and vocational education and training used by USAID in South Africa, Indonesia, Georgia, and Morocco between 2007 and 2012 and is based on a 2010 desk review. This review examines how the four programs perform according to nine elements of highly effective workforce development and technical and vocational education and training systems. Annexes Assaad, R., Barsoum, G., Cupito, E., & Egel, D. (2010, January). Youth Exclusion in Yemen: Tackling the Twin Deficits of Human Development and Natural Resources. Middle East Youth Initiative. Accessible at: http://www.shababinclusion.org/content/document/detail/1510/ Yemen is the poorest country in the Middle East region and one of the poorest in the world. Its population, already overwhelmingly young, is expanding rapidly, creating an explosion in the number of youth aged 15 to 29. In this paper, the authors identify processes through which many Yemeni youth are excluded from the opportunity to become productive adults and positive contributors to society. They present evidence that many youth face social exclusion, whereby they are cut off from the resources and institutions that could assist them in their transition to adulthood. Assaad, R., Binzel, C., & Gadallah, M. (2010). Transitions to Employment and Marriage among Young Men in Egypt. Middle East Youth Initiative. Accessible at: http://www.shababinclusion. org/content/document/detail/1628/ In this paper, the authors examine the transition from school to work and the transition to marriage among young men with at least a secondary education in Egypt. The authors pay particular attention to how the first transition affects the second. Austian, K. (2008 – 2012). Safe and Smart Savings Products for Vulnerable Adolescent Girls in Kenya and Uganda. Population Council. Accessible at: http://www.popcouncil.org/projects/48_ SafeSmartSavingsVulnerableGirls.asp This project instituted by the Population Council, works with financial institutions and girls’ programs in Kenya and Uganda to develop appropriate ways for adolescent girls to gain financial literacy and save money. It explores two different approaches to girl’s savings: one involving a group setting with training and other non-financial services, and the other a savings-only model. Awogbenle, A. C., Iwuamadi, K.C. (2010, June). Youth Unemployment: Entrepreneurship Development Program as an Intervention Mechanism. African Journal of Business Management, 4(6). Accessible at: http://www.academicjournals.org/ajbm/PDF/pdf2010/June/Awogbenle%20 and%20Iwuamadi.pdf This paper examines the constraints on young Nigerians looking for employment and explores entrepreneurship 168
Table of Contents Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Annexes 2012 State of the Field in Youth Economic Opportunities programs as a potential short-term intervention to reducing these constraints. Axter, S. (2010). Youth Entrepreneurs and Support Mechanisms: Needs, Access and Impact. Youth Seen. For a copy of this paper, please contact: communication@uptoyoutoo.org This paper presents research on the financial needs of youth and how they would design a financial product. The author completed interviews with youth in 18 youth-serving organizations working with Youth Initiatives Kenya (YIKE). Balakrishnan, B., Siew Woei, L., Buong Yew, S.L., Chien Sing, L., Sook Yee, H.S., & Chee Pun, O. (2010). Financial Education for Urban Youth: The First Step to Poverty Eradication. In Z. Abas et al (Eds.), Proceedings of Global Year Asia Pacific 2010 (pp. 645-651). Accessible at: http://www. editlib.org/p/34244 This paper discusses the impact of a workshop titled Finance for Youth: Financial Liberty through Financial Literacy, given under the UNESCO Participation Program for Biennium 2008-2009.The workshop was designed to empower a group of 33 youth from targeted low-income families in Malaysia. Bandiera, O., Burgess, R., Goldstein, M.P., Gulesci, S., Rasul, I., & Sulaiman, M. (2010). Intentions to Participate in Adolescent Training Programs: Evidence from Uganda. Journal of the European Economic Association 8(2-3). 584 - 560. Accessible at: http://econpapers.repec.org/article/ tprjeurec/v_3a8_3ay_3a2010_3ai_3a2-3_3ap_3a548-560.htm In this paper, the authors analyze factors that contribute or detract from adolescent girls’ intention to participate in training programs in Uganda. The authors focus on BRAC’s Adolescent Development Program, which emphasizes the provision of life skills, entrepreneurship training, and microfinance. Baptista, F.C.P. (2010). What Do Youth Group Members in Nairobi’s Slum Areas Say about Collective Entrepreneurship Youth Seen. For a copy of this paper, contact: communication@ uptoyoutoo.org This paper focuses on collective entrepreneurship and the perceptions of young, urban entrepreneurs in Nairobi, Kenya of this model as an alternative to the classical model of individual entrepreneurship. Annexes Baxter, A. (2010, January). Development: Organizations Wake Up to the Potential of Young People. Financial Times. Accessible at: http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/0b1a45a0-0b63-11df-8232- 00144feabdc0,dwp_uuid=ea045956-0af3-11df-8a26-00144feabdc0.html This article in the Financial Times discusses the importance of youth voices in international development. Besnard, S. (2010). Biashara za Vijana. Youth Seen. For a copy of this paper, contact: communication@uptoyoutoo.org This paper explores the entrepreneurial potential of poor, urban youth in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Brosvik, S. (2010). Youth Entrepreneurship in Swaziland. Youth Seen. For a copy of this paper, contact: communication@uptoyoutoo.org This paper presents youth perspectives on the impact of the Youth Enterprise Services (YES) program in Manzini, Swaziland. 169
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STATE OF THE FIELD IN YOUTH ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES

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