STATE OF THE FIELD IN YOUTH ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES

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Table of Contents Chapter 9 Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Annexes 2012 State of the Field in Youth Economic Opportunities 5.6.1 Noteworthy Results: Integrating Boys and Men into Livelihoods Programs for AGYW Chapter 5: Working with and Supporting Marginalized, Vulnerable and At-Risk Young People Village Savings and Loan (VSL) programs have proven to be an effective tool for AGYW livelihoods in development contexts. The London School of Economics studied an International Rescue Committee (IRC) VSL program for returned refugees and internally displaced women in postconflict Burundi to examine how to increase their participation in financial decisions within the household and reduce domestic violence towards women. As part of a pilot project in Burundi in 2007 to reduce vulnerability to domestic violence through increased access to savings, 25 self-selected groups (of 10-25 women each) saved an agreed-upon amount in a loan fund, from which members could borrow. Half of the participants also participated in a discussion group with their spouses to talk about progressive attitudes towards gender and household decision making. The aim was to highlight 5.7 Conclusion: Where Do We Go From Here the importance of young women in the household and to identify harmful attitudes and practices by focusing conversations on financial planning and household decision making. The evaluation tested the added value of the discussion groups in increasing awareness of gender equity, versus providing additional economic resources alone. Evaluation findings included: • Increase in young, married women’s economic resources; • Increase in young, married women’s agency in household decision-making; and • Reduced tolerance for, and incidence of domestic violence. For more information, see www.rescue.org. The 2011 GYEOC showcased how the field has responded to the economic challenges facing various groups of marginalized youth throughout the world. Next steps include the following: • Intervene early in adolescence to empower young people to avoid risky or illegal economic activities. Evidence from AGYW-focused YEO programs indicates that early interventions can empower young people to avoid risky behaviors such as engaging in illicit economic activities, gang participation, substance abuse, the sex trade, or early marriage. As a result, many programs are starting to focus economic empowerment initiatives on younger adolescents. Early interventions should be coordinated with rehabilitation efforts targeted at youth who do engage or have engaged in high-risk behaviors but seek a new way of life through alternate economic opportunities. Rehabilitation without an economic component may be incomplete; failing to address the true complexity and multiple motivations behind high-risk behavior. • Take “do no harm” as a minimum standard for all YEO programs, especially in conflictaffected situations. New economic opportunities can expose vulnerable youth to new risks. However, many YEO programs fail to notice and address those risks in a timely fashion. By building effective situational analyses and youth-centered listening techniques into program design and M&E, practitioners can identify and mitigate risk earlier. • Include boys and men as allies. 74
Table of Contents Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Annexes 2012 State of the Field in Youth Economic Opportunities The sexual and reproductive health fields have pioneered gender-based approaches that seek to involve boys and men in efforts to improve health outcomes for adolescent girls and young women. New programs presented at the 2011 GYEOC show promising results working with boys and young men around domestic issues that are typically associated with AGYW. More experiences are needed to contribute to the knowledge base and test these theories of change. 5.8 Additional Resources • To view presentation material, please visit: www.youtheconomicopportunities.org/agenda.asp Chapter 5: Working with and Supporting Marginalized, Vulnerable and At-Risk Young People 75
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STATE OF THE FIELD IN YOUTH ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES

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