R&M Data Center Handbook

www.datacenter.rdm.com
Table of Contents
1. Introduction to Data Centers……………………………………………………………………….. 5
1.1. Technical Terms…………………………………………………………………………………………………... 5
1.2. General Information………………………………………………………………………………………………. 5
1.3. Standards…………………………………………………………………………………………………………... 8
1.4. Availability…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 8
1.5. Market Segmentation……………………………………………………………………………………………. 9
1.6. Cabling Systems………………………………………………………………………………………………… 10
1.7. Intelligent Cable Management Solutions…………………………………………………………………… 12
1.8. Network Hardware and Virtualization……………………………………………………………………….. 12
1.9. Data Center Energy Consumption…………………………………………………………………………… 13
1.10. Energy Efficiency – Initiatives and Organizations………………………………………………………… 14
1.11. Green IT…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 15
1.12. Security Aspects………………………………………………………………………………………………… 16
2. Planning and Designing Data Centers………………………………………………………….. 20
2.1. Data Center Types………………………………………………………………………………………………. 20
2.1.1. Business Models and Services………………………………………………………………………………….. 20
2.1.2. Typology Overview……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 21
2.1.3. Number and Size of Data Centers……………………………………………………………………………… 22
2.2. Classes (Downtime and Redundancy)………………………………………………………………………. 23
2.2.1. Tiers I – IV…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 23
2.2.2. Classification Impact on Communications Cabling……………………………………………………………. 24
2.3. Governance, Risk Management and Compliance…………………………………………………………. 26
2.3.1. IT Governance…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 27
2.3.2. IT Risk Management……………………………………………………………………………………………… 28
2.3.3. IT Compliance…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 28
2.3.4. Standards and Regulations……………………………………………………………………………………… 28
2.3.5. Certifications and Audits…………………………………………………………………………………………. 33
2.3.6. Potential Risks…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 34
2.4. Customer Perspective………………………………………………………………………………………….. 36
2.4.1. Data Center Operators / Decision-Makers…………………………………………………………………….. 36
2.4.2. Motivation of the Customer……………………………………………………………………………………… 39
2.4.3. Expectations of Customers……………………………………………………………………………………… 40
2.4.4. In-House or Outsourced Data Center………………………………………………………………………….. 43
2.5. Aspects of the Planning of a Data Center…………………………………………………………………... 44
2.5.1. External Planning Support……………………………………………………………………………………….. 44
2.5.2. Further Considerations for Planning……………………………………………………………………………. 45
3. Data Center Overview………………………………………………………………………………. 46
3.1. Standards for Data Centers……………………………………………………………………………………. 46
3.1.1. Overview of Relevant Standards……………………………………………………………………………….. 46
3.1.2. ISO/IEC 24764……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 47
3.1.3. EN 50173-5……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 49
3.1.4. TIA-942……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 50
3.2. Data Center Layout……………………………………………………………………………………………… 51
3.2.1. Standard Requirements…………………………………………………………………………………………. 51
3.2.2. Room Concepts…………………………………………………………………………………………………... 52
3.2.3. Security Zones……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 53
Page 2 of 156 © 08/2011 Reichle & De-Massari AG R&M Data Center Handbook V2.0