HERBICIDES in Asian rice - IRRI books - International Rice ...

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Kuhrt WJ. 1992. The California grape boycott and its implications for American agriculture. New York State Hortic. Soc. Proc. 114:55-64. Li KM, Li PZ. 1996. Effect of herbicide use on aquaculture. In: Naylor R, editor. Herbicides in Asian rice: transitions in weed management. Palo Alto (California): Institute for Intemational Studies, Stanford University, and Manila (Philippines): International Rice Research Institute. p 109-127. Luna J, House G. 1990. Pest management in sustainable agricultural systems. In: Edwards CA, La1 R, Madden P, Miller R, House G, editors. Sustainable agricultural systems. Delray Beach (Florida): St. Lucie Press. Moore JA, Kimbrough RD, Gough M. 1993. The Dioxin TCDD: a selective study of science and policy interaction. In: Keeping pace with science and engineering. Washington, D. C.: National Academy Press. p 21-242. [NASI National Academy of Sciences. 1975. Contemporary pest control practices and prospects. In: Report on pest control: an assessment of present and alternative technologies, Vol. 1. Washington, D.C.: NAS. 506 p. Naylor R. 1992. Labor-saving technologies in the Javanese rice economy. Bull. Indonesian Econ. Stud. 28(3):71-91. Naylor R. 1996. Herbicide use in Asian rice production: perspectives from economics, ecology, and the agricultural sciences. In: Naylor R, editor. Herbicides in Asian rice: transitions in weed management. Palo Alto (California): Institute for International Studies, Stanford University, and Manila (Philippines): International Rice Research Institute. p 3-26. Pingali PL, Marquez CB. 1996. Herbicides and rice farmer health: a Philippine study. In: Naylor R, editor. Herbicides in Asian rice: transitions in weed management. Palo Alto (California): Institute for International Studies, Stanford University, and Manila (Philippines): International Rice Research Institute. p 55-68. Pingali PL, Roger PA. 1995. Impact of pesticides on farmer health and the rice environment. Boston (Massachusetts): Kluwer Academic Publishers and Manila (Philippines): International Rice Research Institute. 664 p. Roger PA, Kurihara Y. 1988. Floodwater biology of tropical wetland ricefields. In: Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Paddy Soil Fertility. The Hague (The Netherlands): International Soil Science Society. p 275-300. Rola A, Pingali P. 1993. Pesticides, rice productivity, and farmers’ health: an economic assessment. Manila (Philippines): International Rice Research Institute and Washington, D.C.: World Resources Institute., Ruttan V. 1982. Changing role of public and private sectors in agricultural research. Science, Vol. 216, No. 2. Shibayama H. 1996. Experience with rice herbicides in Japan. In: Naylor R, editor. Herbicides in Asian rice: transitions in weed management. Palo Alto (California): Institute for International Studies, Stanford University, and Manila (Philippines): International Rice Research Institute. p 243-254. Teng PS. 1989. Integrated pest management in rice: an analysis of the status quo with recommendations for action. Report prepared for the ACIAR/IDRC/FAO/ONNRI/USAID Task Force on IPM. Manila (Philippines): International Rice Research Institute. Timmer P, Falcon W, Pearson S. 1983. Food policy analysis. Baltimore (Maryland): Johns Hopkins University Press. 301 p. Toenniessen GH. 1996. Using biotechnology in genetic improvement of rice for weed management. In: Naylor R, editor. Herbicides in Asian rice: transitions in weed management. Palo Alto (California): Institute for International Studies, Stanford University, and Manila (Philippines): International Rice Research Institute. p 209-217. Developing weed management strategy for Asian rice production 265
Weitzman M. 1974. Prices vs. quantities. Review of Economic Studies, Oct 1974. The World Bank. 1993. The East Asian miracle. New York (New York): Oxford University Press. 389 p. NOTES Authors’ address: Institute for International Studies, 200 Encina Hall, Stanford University, Stanford CA 94305. Citation information: Naylor R, ed. 1996. Herbicides in Asian rice: transitions in weed management. Palo Alto (California): Institute for International Studies, Stanford University, and Manila (Philippines): International Rice Research Institute. 266 Naylor et al
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DEDICATION To Keith Moody WEED SCIE
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The International Rice Research Ins
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Bioherbicides and weed management i
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ful insects caused adverse response
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The need to raise yields and mainta
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Any volume that dra
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Overview
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as more lucrative, full-time job op
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Table 3. Herbicide use in rice prod
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only 3.3:1. The benefit-cost ratio
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EFFECTS ON SOCIETY AND ECOSYSTEMS S
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mulate in soils and in water tables
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unds from the field into canals and
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tion. Even if herbicide mixtures ar
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plant pathogens for controlling gra
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spectrum herbicides glufosinate-amm
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De Datta SK. 1981. Principles and p
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Li KM, Li PZ. 1996. Effect of herbi
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Vongsaroj P. 1994. Weed control in
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i ce env ironments and how they res
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Soil fertility. Monochoria vaginali
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Such problems could be avoided by a
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Ho NK, Md Zuki I. 1988. Weed popula
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HERBICIDES IN UNITED STATES RICE PR
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LOSSES TO WEEDS IN U.S. RICE US. ri
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propanil, which remains the backbon
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4. U.S. rice yields and adoption of
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6. Use of herbicides to control bro
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8. Thiobencarb and molinate transpo
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oping programs that curtail negativ
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Dunshee CF, Jones JW. 1924. Results
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Impacts of herbicides
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Pesticide users The pesticide user
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Table 3. Frequency of pesticide app
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Poly- Multiple Eye Pulmonary neurop
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(weight/height) had the expected ne
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Table 5. Anticipated health costs o
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When no consideration is given to h
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MAFF. 1991. Pesticides approved und
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and analyzed. We used this data bas
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soluble herbicide is distributed in
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of the rice herbicides thiobencarb
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germination because they compete fo
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in N 2 fixation and nitrate reducti
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Table 3. Effects of pesticides on n
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transformations in soils are studie
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Floodwater invertebrates Applicatio
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tally prevented photosynthetic acti
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CITED REFERENCES Almazan LL, Robles
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Mandal BB, Bandyopadhyay P, Bandyop
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Smith RJ, Flinchum WT, Seaman DE. 1
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IMPACT OF HERBICIDE USE ON THE ENVI
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Factors that reduce toxic risk Phys
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Table 3. Persistence in soil of ric
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One infamous herbicide spill occurr
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investigated because of the large,
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Given the current state of knowledg
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Way JM, Newman JF, Moore NW, Knaggs
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powder)—one-third the total amoun
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tants, however—such as cyanide an
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In both 1987 and 1988, 42 t of copp
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compounds such as the germicide Aso
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otation of one wet season, one dry
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ECOLOGICAL FORCES INFLUENCING CROP-
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may also vary with the resource use
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crease competitive ability into cro
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Tilman D. 1988. Plant strategies an
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Table 1. Important rice weeds in te
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2. Costs of production of rice and
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covered only about 7,500 ha in 1993
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Table 5. Herbicide-treated area in
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Table 6. Dominant weed species in K
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cides in the mix. Most mixtures, wh
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Kim KU, Shin DH. 1993. Development
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INTEGRATED WEED MANAGEMENT IN RICE
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after crop establishment) mostly co
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Table 2. Most common rice herbicide
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Table 4. Examples of rice herbicide
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portant where direct method options
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too wet. Optimum moisture is needed
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For direct-seeded rice, the availab
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visible effects. These methods are
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CITED REFERENCES Ampong-Nyarko K, D
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Jikihara K, Kimura I. 1977. Benthio
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Watson AK. 1992. Current status of
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1. Framework for planning and imple
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Baseline data The problems associat
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3. Filling vacant areas in the fiel
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emained the dominant weed, their in
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6. Cultural practices in the Muda a
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LESSONS LEARNED FROM THE PROGRAM St
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Ho NK, Md Zuki I, Asna BO. 1990. Th
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Using mycoherbicides involves apply
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Community education also is importa
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the crop of interest. This should i
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asically biological, technological,
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cause they are likely to be applied
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Similarly, the risks of bioherbicid
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Baki MM, Azmi M. 1992. Integrated m
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Matthews GA, Bateman RP. 1990. Appl
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Watson AK. 1985. Host specificity o
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vars as it was with very short-dura
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While it may not be possible to ide
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CITED REFERENCES Ahmad S, Majid A,
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USING BIOTECHNOLOGY IN GENETIC IMPR
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Molecular markers are being used ro
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use of herbicides as part of a rice
Page 230 and 231: A final strategy would be to use bi
Page 232: Rathore KS, Chowdhury VK, Hodges TK
Page 235 and 236: Putnam and Duke (1974) postulated t
Page 237 and 238: Visual ratings were made 7 wk after
Page 239 and 240: nels; and most of the genotypes tha
Page 241 and 242: Leaf Root Leaf Root Leaf Root Leaf
Page 243 and 244: One hypothesis is that rice plants
Page 246: Use of herbicides in Asian rice
Page 249 and 250: icides such as 2,4-D and butachlor
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Page 253 and 254: Reasons for herbicide selection Far
Page 255 and 256: Carey VP III, Talbert RE, Baltazar
Page 258 and 259: EXPERIENCE WITH RICE HERBICIDES IN
Page 260 and 261: 2. Time spent weeding Japanese rice
Page 262 and 263: 3. Area of Japanese ricefields rece
Page 264 and 265: 4. Sequence of herbicide applicatio
Page 266 and 267: Table 6. Important weed species in
Page 268 and 269: CURRENT PROBLEMS IN WEED MANAGEMENT
Page 270 and 271: DEVELOPING A WEED MANAGEMENT STRATE
Page 272 and 273: (Timmer et al 1983, World Bank 1993
Page 274 and 275: gets of plant growth regulators and
Page 276 and 277: in their role of implementing agric
Page 278 and 279: clearly needed if farmers are to av
Page 282 and 283: Participants Dr. Heidi Albers Food
Page 284 and 285: Dr. Gurdev S. Khush International R
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