HERBICIDES in Asian rice - IRRI books - International Rice ...

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Pingali PL, Roger PA, 1995. Impact of pesticides on farmer health and the rice environment. Boston (Massachusetts): Kluwer Academic Publishers. 664 p. Racke K. 1990. Pesticides in the soil microbial ecosystem. In: Racke K, Coats J, editors. Enhanced biodegradation of pesticides in the environment. Symposium Series. vol. 426. Washington (D.C.): American Chemical Society. p 1-12. Roger PA, Kurihara Y. 1988. Floodwater biology of tropical wetland ricefields. Paper presented at the First International Symposium on Paddy Soil Fertility, Chiang Mai. Thailand. Roger PA, Simpson I. 1996. Effect of herbicide use on soil microbiology. In: Naylor R, editor. Herbicides in Asian rice: transitions in weed management. Palo Alto (California): Institute for International Studies, Stanford University, and Manila (Philippines): International Rice Research Institute. p 69-93. Rola A, Pingali P. 1993. Pesticides, rice productivity, and farmers’ health: an economic assessment. Manila (Philippines): International Rice Research Institute and Washington (D.C.): World Resources Institute. 100 p. Sethunathan N, Siddaramapa R. 1978. Microbial degradation of pesticides in rice soils. In: Soils and rice. Manila (Philippines): International Rice Research Institute. p 479-497. Shibayama H. 1996. Experience with rice herbicides in Japan. In: Naylor R, editor. Herbicides in Asian rice: transitions in weed management. Palo Alto (California): Institute for International Studies, Stanford University, and Manila (Philippines): International Rice Research Institute. p 243-254. Sittisuang P. 1994. Extent, problems, and policies in wet-seeded rice production in Thailand. Paper presented at an international workshop on constraints, opportunities, and innovations for wet-seeded rice, Bangkok, Thailand. Smith RJ. 1992. Biological controls as components of integrated weed management for rice in the United States. In: Proceedings of an international symposium on biological control and integrated management of paddy and aquatic weeds in Asia. Tsukuba (Japan): National Agricultural Research Center. p 259-272. Sumaryono, Soedarsan A. 1987. Present status of herbicide use in Indonesia. In: Proceedings of the 11th conference of the Asian-Pacific Weed Science Society. Taipei (China). p 593- 599. Supaad MA, Cheong AW. 1994. Direct seeding in Peninsular Malaysia: extent, problems, and policies. Paper presented at an international workshop on constraints, opportunities, and innovations for wet-seeded rice, Bangkok, Thailand. Teng PS. 1994. Integrated pest management in rice. Exp. Agric. 30: 115- 137. Timmer P. 1988. The agricultural transformation. In: Chenery HB, Srinivasan TN, editors. Handbook of development economics. Amsterdam (The Netherlands): North Holland Press. p 276-331. Tin MB, Min H. 1994. Wet-seeded rice in Myanmar. Paper presented at an international workshop on constraints, opportunities, and innovations for wet-seeded rice, Bangkok. Thailand. Toenniessen GH. 1996. Using biotechnology in genetic improvement of rice for weed management. In: Naylor R, editor. Herbicides in Asian rice: transitions in weed management. Palo Alto (California): Institute for International Studies, Stanford University, and Manila (Philippines): International Rice Research Institute. p 209-217. Ueki K. 1983. Weed succession by long-term application of herbicides in Japan. In: IUPAC pesticide chemistry. p 319-324. [UNDP] United Nations Development Programme. 1990. Human development report. New York (New York): Oxford University Press. 189 p. Vega MR. 1988. Cost effective weed management: an overview. In: Proceedings of the Pest Control Council of the Philippines meeting in Cebu City. p 18-26. Herbicide use in Asian rice production 25
Vongsaroj P. 1994. Weed control in wet-seeded rice in Thailand. Paper presented at an international workshop on constraints, opportunities, and innovations for wet-seeded rice, Bangkok, Thailand. Warburton H, Palis FG, Pingali PL. 1995. Farmer perceptions, knowledge and pesticide use practices. In: Pingali PL, Roger PA, editors. Impact of pesticides on farmer health and the rice environment. Boston/London/Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers. p 59-96. Watson AK. 1994. Biological weed control and prospects for bioherbicide development in the Philippines. Philipp. J. Weed Sci. special issue:64-81. Way JM, Chancellor RJ. 1976. Herbicides and higher plant ecology. In: Audus LJ, editor. Herbicides: physiology, biochemistry, ecology, Vol. 2. New York (NewYork): Academic Press. p 345-372. Weaver SE. 1996. Ecological forces influencing weed-crop competition. In: Naylor R, editor. Herbicides in Asian rice: transitions in weed management. Palo Alto (California): Institute for International Studies, Stanford University, and Manila (Philippines): International Rice Research Institute. p 121-127. Whittaker RH, Feeny PP. 1971. Allelochemics: chemical interactions between species. Science 171:757-770. World Bank. 1996. Commodity markets and the developing countries. Washington (D.C.): The World Bank. 36 p. Yamauchi M, Aragones DV, Casayuran PR, Win, T, Borlagdan PC, Aguilar AM, Asis CA, Cruz RT, Sta. Cruz PC, Quick GR. 1994. Rice anaerobic direct seeding in the tropics. Paper presented at an international workshop on constraints, opportunities, and innovations for wet-seeded rice, Bangkok, Thailand. NOTES Author’s address: Institute for International Studies, 200 Encina Hall, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-6055, USA. Citation information: Naylor R, ed. 1996. Herbicides in Asian rice: transitions in weed management. Palo Alto (California): Institute for International Studies, Stanford University, and Manila (Philippines): International Rice Research Institute. 26 Naylor
Page 2: DEDICATION To Keith Moody WEED SCIE
Page 5 and 6: The International Rice Research Ins
Page 7 and 8: Bioherbicides and weed management i
Page 9 and 10: ful insects caused adverse response
Page 11 and 12: The need to raise yields and mainta
Page 13 and 14: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Any volume that dra
Page 16: Overview
Page 19 and 20: as more lucrative, full-time job op
Page 21 and 22: Table 3. Herbicide use in rice prod
Page 23 and 24: only 3.3:1. The benefit-cost ratio
Page 25 and 26: EFFECTS ON SOCIETY AND ECOSYSTEMS S
Page 27 and 28: mulate in soils and in water tables
Page 29 and 30: unds from the field into canals and
Page 31 and 32: tion. Even if herbicide mixtures ar
Page 33 and 34: plant pathogens for controlling gra
Page 35 and 36: spectrum herbicides glufosinate-amm
Page 37 and 38: De Datta SK. 1981. Principles and p
Page 39: Li KM, Li PZ. 1996. Effect of herbi
Page 43 and 44: i ce env ironments and how they res
Page 45 and 46: Soil fertility. Monochoria vaginali
Page 47 and 48: Such problems could be avoided by a
Page 49 and 50: Ho NK, Md Zuki I. 1988. Weed popula
Page 52 and 53: HERBICIDES IN UNITED STATES RICE PR
Page 54 and 55: LOSSES TO WEEDS IN U.S. RICE US. ri
Page 56 and 57: propanil, which remains the backbon
Page 58 and 59: 4. U.S. rice yields and adoption of
Page 60 and 61: 6. Use of herbicides to control bro
Page 62 and 63: 8. Thiobencarb and molinate transpo
Page 64 and 65: oping programs that curtail negativ
Page 66 and 67: Dunshee CF, Jones JW. 1924. Results
Page 68: Impacts of herbicides
Page 71 and 72: Pesticide users The pesticide user
Page 73 and 74: Table 3. Frequency of pesticide app
Page 75 and 76: Poly- Multiple Eye Pulmonary neurop
Page 77 and 78: (weight/height) had the expected ne
Page 79 and 80: Table 5. Anticipated health costs o
Page 81 and 82: When no consideration is given to h
Page 83 and 84: MAFF. 1991. Pesticides approved und
Page 85 and 86: and analyzed. We used this data bas
Page 87 and 88: soluble herbicide is distributed in
Page 89 and 90: of the rice herbicides thiobencarb
Page 91 and 92:
germination because they compete fo
Page 93 and 94:
in N 2 fixation and nitrate reducti
Page 95 and 96:
Table 3. Effects of pesticides on n
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transformations in soils are studie
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Floodwater invertebrates Applicatio
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tally prevented photosynthetic acti
Page 103 and 104:
CITED REFERENCES Almazan LL, Robles
Page 105 and 106:
Mandal BB, Bandyopadhyay P, Bandyop
Page 107 and 108:
Smith RJ, Flinchum WT, Seaman DE. 1
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IMPACT OF HERBICIDE USE ON THE ENVI
Page 112 and 113:
Factors that reduce toxic risk Phys
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Table 3. Persistence in soil of ric
Page 116 and 117:
One infamous herbicide spill occurr
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investigated because of the large,
Page 120 and 121:
Given the current state of knowledg
Page 122:
Way JM, Newman JF, Moore NW, Knaggs
Page 125 and 126:
powder)—one-third the total amoun
Page 127 and 128:
tants, however—such as cyanide an
Page 129 and 130:
In both 1987 and 1988, 42 t of copp
Page 131 and 132:
compounds such as the germicide Aso
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otation of one wet season, one dry
Page 136 and 137:
ECOLOGICAL FORCES INFLUENCING CROP-
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may also vary with the resource use
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crease competitive ability into cro
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Tilman D. 1988. Plant strategies an
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Table 1. Important rice weeds in te
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2. Costs of production of rice and
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covered only about 7,500 ha in 1993
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Table 5. Herbicide-treated area in
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Table 6. Dominant weed species in K
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cides in the mix. Most mixtures, wh
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Kim KU, Shin DH. 1993. Development
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INTEGRATED WEED MANAGEMENT IN RICE
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after crop establishment) mostly co
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Table 2. Most common rice herbicide
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Table 4. Examples of rice herbicide
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portant where direct method options
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too wet. Optimum moisture is needed
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For direct-seeded rice, the availab
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visible effects. These methods are
Page 176 and 177:
CITED REFERENCES Ampong-Nyarko K, D
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Jikihara K, Kimura I. 1977. Benthio
Page 180:
Watson AK. 1992. Current status of
Page 183 and 184:
1. Framework for planning and imple
Page 185 and 186:
Baseline data The problems associat
Page 187:
3. Filling vacant areas in the fiel
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emained the dominant weed, their in
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6. Cultural practices in the Muda a
Page 194 and 195:
LESSONS LEARNED FROM THE PROGRAM St
Page 196:
Ho NK, Md Zuki I, Asna BO. 1990. Th
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Using mycoherbicides involves apply
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Community education also is importa
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the crop of interest. This should i
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asically biological, technological,
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cause they are likely to be applied
Page 209 and 210:
Similarly, the risks of bioherbicid
Page 211 and 212:
Baki MM, Azmi M. 1992. Integrated m
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Matthews GA, Bateman RP. 1990. Appl
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Watson AK. 1985. Host specificity o
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vars as it was with very short-dura
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While it may not be possible to ide
Page 221 and 222:
CITED REFERENCES Ahmad S, Majid A,
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USING BIOTECHNOLOGY IN GENETIC IMPR
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Molecular markers are being used ro
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use of herbicides as part of a rice
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A final strategy would be to use bi
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Rathore KS, Chowdhury VK, Hodges TK
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Putnam and Duke (1974) postulated t
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Visual ratings were made 7 wk after
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nels; and most of the genotypes tha
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Leaf Root Leaf Root Leaf Root Leaf
Page 243 and 244:
One hypothesis is that rice plants
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Use of herbicides in Asian rice
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icides such as 2,4-D and butachlor
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lems, it has resulted in quantitati
Page 253 and 254:
Reasons for herbicide selection Far
Page 255 and 256:
Carey VP III, Talbert RE, Baltazar
Page 258 and 259:
EXPERIENCE WITH RICE HERBICIDES IN
Page 260 and 261:
2. Time spent weeding Japanese rice
Page 262 and 263:
3. Area of Japanese ricefields rece
Page 264 and 265:
4. Sequence of herbicide applicatio
Page 266 and 267:
Table 6. Important weed species in
Page 268 and 269:
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN WEED MANAGEMENT
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DEVELOPING A WEED MANAGEMENT STRATE
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(Timmer et al 1983, World Bank 1993
Page 274 and 275:
gets of plant growth regulators and
Page 276 and 277:
in their role of implementing agric
Page 278 and 279:
clearly needed if farmers are to av
Page 280 and 281:
Kuhrt WJ. 1992. The California grap
Page 282 and 283:
Participants Dr. Heidi Albers Food
Page 284 and 285:
Dr. Gurdev S. Khush International R
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