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10.1057/9780230270305 - The Statesman's Year-Book, Edited by John Scott-Keltie 210 THE BRITISH EMV1RK :—NIGERIA Statistical and other Books of Reference. Annual Statement of the Trade of the United Kingdom with Foreign Countries and British Possessions. Imp. 1. London. Colonial Office List. Annual. London. Illustrated Official Handbook of the dpc and South Africa. Indited by J. Noble. London, 1893. Official Illustrated Handbook and Railway Guide of the Colony of Natal, by J. Forsyth Ingram. London, 1S95. Natal Almanack, Directory and Yearly Register. Annual. Fietermarif zburg. Statistical Year Book. Annual. Pictermaritzburg, 1S9S.—Natal Civil Service List. Biennial. Pietermaritzburg. Precis of Information concerning Zululand, prepared in the Intelligence Division of the War Office. London, 1895. Report on the Mining Industry of Zululand for the your 1S%. By J. J. Garrard. Pietermaritzburg, 1897. Statistical Abstract for the several colonial and other possessions of the United Kingdom. Annual. S. London. Baynes (A. II.), My Diocese during the War. London. 1000. Bird (John), The Annals of Natal, 14!);">-184.>. S. Pietermaritzburg, 18NS. Brooks (Henry), Natal: a History and Description of the Colony. 8. London, 1S.S7 Culling worth's Natal Almanac. Annual. Durban. Ingram (J. F.), Natalia: History of Natal and Zululand. London, 1897. Noble (J.), Illustrated Handbook for the Cane and South Africa, s. London, 189:;. Norris-Newman (C. L.), In Zululand with the British. London, 1S79. Peace (Walter), Our Colony of Natal. Published by permission of the Natal Government. London, 1S8-1. Notes on Natal. London, 189:!. llobiiuon (Sir J.), A Lifetime in South Africa. London, 1900. r.oivell (T.), Natal and the Boers. London, 1900. 2iu88fill(R.), Natal, the Land and its Story. 6th ed. London, 1900. Silver (S. W.), Handbook to South Africa, including the Cape Colony, Natal, the Diamond Fields, &c. 8. London, 1891. Statham (¥. R.), Blacks, Boers, and British. London, 1S82. Trollope (Anthony), South Africa. 2 vols. 9. London, 1878. Tyler (J.), Forty Years in Zululand. (Missionary work.) a. Boston, Ib'Jl. NIGERIA. This important region comprises the whole of the British sphere (with the exception of the Colony and Protectorate of Lagos), within the lines of demarcation arranged by the Anglo-German Agreements of 1885, 1886, and 1893, and the Anglo-French Agreements of 1889, 1890, and 1898. It is bounded on the south by the Gulf of Guinea. The houndaiy between Nigeria and Lagos follows a line commencing on the sea-shore ten miles to the N.W. of the Benin River, and running parallel to that river until it reaches the Lagos Creek. Thence it follows the western boundary of the Benin country to Ovvo, and then northward to the frontier of the Kabba district. From this point it runs westward through Aiedi, Oton, and Ilia, leaving to Lagos on the south all towns belonging to Ibadan and Oyo, but preserving to Nigeria on the north all towns subject to Ilorin. It leaves Odo Otin and Ikinm to Lagos, following the southern and western frontiers of Iloziu up to 9° north latitude. It then runs westward, leaving all Borgu towns to Nigeria and all Yoruba towns to Lagos, to the Anglo-French boundary at the intersection of the ninth parallel by the Okpara River. From this point the boundary of Nigeria follows the Anglo-French line as finally settled by the Convention of June 14th, 1898. This is very intricate, but roughly as follows :—It runs northerly, but so as to leave Nikki and other districts to France, until striking the Niger about ten miles above Gere, the port of Ilo. It then follows the median line of the river up stream to the Uallul Mauri watercourse, which it runs up until it reaches the circumference of a circle drawn round the town of Sokoto with a radius of 100 miles. It follows the northern are of this circle to its second intersection with latitude 14" N. and runs eastward along this Copyright material from www.palgraveconnect.com - Trial Access - PalgraveConnect - 2014-03-13
10.1057/9780230270305 - The Statesman's Year-Book, Edited by John Scott-Keltie NIGERIA 211 parallel (with one deflection southward in favour of France; until it meets the meridian passing 35' east of Kuka, and then due south to the shore of Lake Chad. Here the Anglo-German demarcation line is taken up and the boundary of Nigeria runs from the above point on Lake Chad to the intersection of 13° E. long., with 10° N. lat., and thence to a point on the south bank ofthe Benue River five miles below the confluence of the Faro River. Thence it circles to the east of Yola, at that radius, until it meets a straight line drawn from Yola to the rapids of the Cross Kiver in 9° 8' and thence to the Gulf of Guinea at the Rio del Rey. Nigeria covers between 400,000 and 500,000 square miles, and its population is variously estimated at from 25 millions to 40 millions ; but in the absence of any census, no reliance can bo placed on such estimates. It is certain, however, that a great number of towns iu Nigeria contain considerable populations. Among these, Kano is said to contain about 100,000 souls (thefunerals averaging tender diem), Bida, 90,000, Ilorin, 50,000, and Yakoba 50,000. About nine-tenths ofthe area andpopulation of Nigeria were, until the 1st January, 1900, contained in the territories of the Chartered Royal Niger Company. This Company was created by Sir George Goldie in 1882, under the name of the National African Company, for the purpose of securing Nigeria to Great Britain and governing it under a Royal Charter. With this object, political treaties conferring powers of administration or sovereign rights were made with several hundred nations, states and tribes ; but legal delays postponed, until July 1886, the issue of the Charter which, after 13J years of successful government, was surrendered on January 1, 1900, the whole of Nigeria thus coming under the administration of the Crown. In 1884 and 1887 a British Protectorate was declared over the whole of Nigeria. The seaboard regions between the Lagos Colony and the Forcados river, and between the Brass River and Kameruu were placed under consular jurisdisdictiou, the Royal Niger Company having no influence in these portions. These seaboard regions were then known as the Oil Rivers Protectorate ; but no administration was established there until 1891, when Sir Claude MacDonald was sent out as Imperial Commissioner and Consul-General to organise a government, which proved very successful. Soon afterwards the name of Niger Coast Protectorate was given to these regions, and, in 1896, Sir Ralph Moore became Imperial Commissioner. In February, 1897, the Benin country, formerly governed by the Kings of Benin (or Addo), was included in the Niger Coast Protectorate, and a British resident placed at Benin City. Considerable extensions were also made in the regions bordering on the Cross River. For administrative reasons, the new province of Nigeria is temporarily divided into two governments, called respectively Northern Nigeria and Southern Nigeria. The boundary between these starts from the Lagos boundary a O wo and running east crosses the Niger a little to the north of Idda and continues to a point near Ashiku on the Anglo-German frontier laid down in the convention of 1893. For fiscal purposes, the customs revenues of Nigeria and Lagos, that is to say practically the entire revenue, will bo collected on the seaboard by the governments of Southern Nigeria and Lagos ; and the allocation of this revenue to the three governments will bo made by the Secretary of State for the Colonies. It is difficult to estimate the amount of this revenue as the import and export duties of the Royal Niger Company are abolished. In the year 1899-1900 the total revenue amounted to 164,1082. Imports, 725,7982. (597,9982. from Great Britain) ; exports, 888,9542. (531,0882. to Great Britain) ; in 1898-1899 379 vessels of 559,912 tons entered, and 375 of 551,555 tons cleared. i' 2 Copyright material from www.palgraveconnect.com - Trial Access - PalgraveConnect - 2014-03-13
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