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10.1057/9780230270305 - The Statesman's Year-Book, Edited by John Scott-Keltie 202 THE BRITISH EMPIRE:—MAURITIUS Governor of Mam-Hues.—Sir Charles liruce, K.C.M.G. The Governor has a salary of 5,000., and the Colonial Secretary 13,500 rupees per annum. Area and Population. The island of Mauritius, lying in the Indian Ocean, 500 miles east of Madagascar, comprises an area of 705 English square miles. The following were the numbers of the population, according to the census taken in 1891 :— — Total of resident population Military in Port Louis and elsewhere . Crews of mercantile shipping Total of population Male ■206, OSS 721 344 207,103 Female 164,550 2 164,552 Total 370,588 721 346 371,655 The estimated population at the end of 1899 was :—General population, 117,920; Indian, 261,739; total, 379,659. Two-thirds of the population consists of natives of African race, Chinese, mixed races, and whites. The number of Chinese was estimated at 3,079 on January 1, 1899. The birthrate of 1899 was 34'1 per 1,000, and death-rate 34 S. Immigrants in 1899, nil; departures, 746. The capital of the colony, Port Louis, had, with its suburbs, an estimated population of 52,517 in 1899. According to the census of 1891 there were 209,079 Hindoos, 115,438 Roman Catholics, 34,763 Mahometans, and 7,307 Protestants. State aid is granted to both Churches, the ecclesiastical expenditure by the State in 1899 having been 143,460 rupees ; the Indians are mostly Hindoos. A change is taking place in the population of Mauritius ; the greater part of Port Louis has in recent years passed from European to Indian or Chinese hands, and the sugar estates of the island are being similarly transferred. In 1899 land to the value of 1,268,320 rupees was purchased by Indians from French planters. Primary education is gratuitous but not compulsory. The government schools in 1899 had 9,777 pupils; the State-aided had 9,404 of whom 5,975 were in Catholic schools. For secondary education provision is made by the Koyal College and its 2 schools with (1899) 420 pupils, and 24 associated schools (affiliated to the Royal College) with 450 pupils. At the Royal College many scholarships and exhibitions are awarded annually. The total government expenditure iu 1899 on education was 478,496 rupees, of which 296,085 rupees was for primary education. The total number of convictions at the inferior courts in 1899 was 17,816, and at the Supreme Court, 24. Finance, Defence, Commerce. The revenue and expenditure of the colony for five years were : — - 1895 1890 1S97 1S98 1S99 Copyright material from www.palgraveconnect.com - Trial Access - PalgraveConnect - 2014-03-13 Revenue. Expenditure . Rupees 8,273,622 8,488,736 Rupees 8,849,181 8,544,736 Rupees 7,996,705 8,626,798 Rupees 7,620,320 8,131,470 Rupees 9,066,313 8,407,082 The principal sources of revenue in 1899 were : customs dues, 3,465,082
10.1057/9780230270305 - The Statesman's Year-Book, Edited by John Scott-Keltie FINANCE, DEFENCE, COMMEKCE 20S rupees; licences and permits, 2,505,974 rupees; railway traffic, 1,876,302 rupees. The whole debenture debt of the colony on December 31, 1899, was:— Government Debenture Inscribed Stock Debt, 1,192,1842. 6s. Od. In 1899 a loan of 32,8202. for public works was authorised. The municipal debt of Port Louis was 130,1002. sterling and 261,052 rupees. The harbour of Port Louis is defended by Fort Adelaide and Fort George. The troops in the colony at the end of 1899 numbered 2,547. The Colonial contribution to the military expenditure for 1899 was 400,100 rupees. The declared value x of the total imports and exports of the colony (exclusive of specie and bullion) was as follows in each of the last five years :— Year 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 ; Total Imports i ^Rupees 1 20,125,402 1 22,980,586 18,948,233 24,006,970 19,096,212 Total Exports Rupees 27,247,635 33,544,174 28,192,675 27,537,930 24,745,029 1 The values of imports and exports arc declared by importers and exporters, both being exclusive of charges and of exchange. They are given in rupees at the value of 2s. per rupee. The countries where the goods are shipped are taken as the countries of origin, unless the goods themselves or the bills of lading and invoices show a different origin, in which case the country so disclosed is declared in the bill of entry. Imports from United Kingdom, 7,403,991 rupees ; exports to United Kingdom, 1,743,225 rupees. The exports from the colony comprise, as staple article, unrefined sugar, 23,044,657 rupees in 1899 ; ram, 154,812 rupees ; vanilla, 133,946 rupees ; aloe fibre, 566,030 rupees ; oil, coco-nut, 28,360 rupees. A large portion of the trade is with the British colonies of South Africa, Australia, and India. The commercial intercourse of Mauritius with the United Kingdom is shown in the subjoined table, according to the Board of Trade Returns, for each of the last five years :— - [mi>oi'ts from Mauritius iato U. K. Exports of British Produce to Mauritius 1695 £ 97,705 235,835 1890 £ 67,502 306,031 1897 £ 94,548 284,802 1S9S £ 100,Sti3 239,242 1899 £ 215,149 350,550 Copyright material from www.palgraveconnect.com - Trial Access - PalgraveConnect - 2014-03-13 The chief articles of import from Mauritius into the United Kingdom are unrefined sugar, the value being 31,6952. in 1898; 67,4822.in 1899; drugs, 29,1512. in 1898 ; 60,3822. in 1899 ; hemp and other fibres, 26,8012. in 1898 ; 55,7952. in 1899. The British exports to Mauritius in 1899 consisted principally of cotton goods, value 106,0672. ; coal, 19,5432. ; machinery, 29,3392. ; iron, 31,0632. ; manure, 35,0442. ; apparel and haberdashery. 11,6062. ; soap, 11,1022.
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