uganda protectorate - Palgrave Connect

10.1057/9780230270305 - The Statesman's Year-Book, Edited by John Scott-Keltie
DEFENCE—PRODUCTION AND INDUSTRY 245
Military College at Kingston, founded in 1875. The Dominion is divided
into twelve military districts, each district being commanded by a Deputy
Adjutant-General, whose appointment is permanent. A small-arms ammunition
factory is in operation in Quebec. There is at present no active marine
militia, the naval defences of the country being the care of the Imperial
authorities. According to the Navy List thirteen ships are on the North
America and West India Stations, besides seven others on the Pacific Station.
A good deal has lately been hoard as to the advisability of recruiting
Canadians for the Imperial Navy, and it seems probable that this valuable
source of supply will be tapped in the near future.
Production and Industry.
Agriculture.—Of the total area of Canada in 1891, there were 28,537,242
acres of improved land out of 60,287,730 acres of occupied land. Of the
improved lands, 19,904,826 acres were under crop, being 4,792,542 acres
more than were under crop in 1881. The acreage under pasture in 1891 was
15,284,788 acres, an increase of 8,899,226 acres since 1881. The acreage under
wheat in 1891 was 2,723,861 acres, an increase of 381,506 acres in ten years.
The average yield of 1891 per acre was 15'4 bushels, an increase of 1'6
bushels per acre over the yield of 1881. There is a central experimental
farm near Ottawa, and others in several of the provinces. In 1895 there were
195 ranches in the N.-W. Territories covering an area of 904,187 acres.
Forestry.—The timber wealth of Canada is very large, and timbering one
of its most important industries. The forest area is estimated at 1,248,798
square miles. The forest products of 1891 were valued at 80,071,415 dollars,
of which 27,207,547 dollars were exported. The census returns show an
aggregate of 2,045,073,072 cubic feet as the total cut of the year. The forest
products exported to the United Kingdom in 1899 amounted in value to
17,802,226 dollars out of a total of 30,841,237 dollars. The recently introduced
wood pulp industry is increasing rapidly, the exportable surplus being
1,274,276 dollars in 1899, "chiefly going to Great Britain and the United
States. The Crown forests belong to the Provincial Governments, except
in Manitoba, the N.W. Territories, and the Railway Belt (forty miles wide),
in British Columbia, where they belong to the Dominion.
Fisheries. —The total value of the produce of the fisheries of Canada in
1898 was 19,667,127 dollars; in 1899, 22,783,546 dollars. The values of
the principal catches in 1898 were: cod, 2,986,513 dollars; salmon,
3,159,306 dollars; herring, 2,987,454 dollars; lobsters, (3,887,939 dollars,
and mackerel, 694,591 dollars. In 1898, according to provinces, the values
were: Nova Scotia, 7,226,035 dollars; British Columbia, 3,713,101 ; New
Brunswick, 3,849,357 ; Quebec, 1,761,440 ; Ontario, 1,433,632; Prince
Edward Island, 1,070,206 ; Manitoba and N.W. Territories, 613,355.
Mining.—Nova Scotia, British Columbia, Quebec, N. and W. Ontario,
and part of the N. -W. Territories, are the chief mining districts of Canada.
The total value of the mineral produce of Canada was in 1899, *48,438,247
dollars ; in 1898, 38,661,010 dollars. The principal product is coal, of which
in 1898, 4,172,582 tons were raised, valued at 8,222,878 dollars ; in 1899,
5,046,508 tons valued at 9,992,086 dollars. Among the other minerals
produced in 1899 were gold, 21,260,437 dollars; nickel, 2,067,840 dollars:
asbestos, 483,299 dollars; petroleum, 1,202,020 dollars; copper, 2,655,319
dollars; silver, 1,834,371 dollars; lead, 977,250 dollars; iron ore, 248,372
dollars. It is estimated that the coal-bearing area of the N.-W. Territories
extends over 65,000 square miles.
* Subject to revision.
Copyright material from www.palgraveconnect.com - Trial Access - PalgraveConnect - 2014-03-13