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10.1057/9780230270305 - The Statesman's Year-Book, Edited by John Scott-Keltie 230 THE BRITISH EMPIBE ;-— WEST AFRICAN COLONICS WEST AFEICAN COLONIES. These are four in number, all Crown colonies: GOLD COAST, LAGOS, GAMBIA, and SIERRA LEONE. GOLD COAST. The Gold Coast stretches for 350 miles along the Gulf of Guinea, between 5° W. long., and 2° E. long. Governor, Major Matthew Nathan, R.E., C.M.G. (3,500.). There are an Executive and Legislative Council, both nominated, with three unofficial members in latter. The area of the Colony, exclusive of Adansi and Ashantiland, is about 40,000 square miles ; estimated population, 1,473,882 ; of whom about 500 are Europeans. Chief towns : Accra, 16,267 ; Elinina, 10,530; Cape Coast Castle, 11,614; Kwitta, Saltpond, Winneba, Axim, andAkuse. Government elementary schools at Accra, Cape Coast, and Insuaim, but education mainly in the hands of the various religious bodies, Wesleyan; Roman Catholic, and German Missions; attendance, 1899, 11,000 scholars; Government contributed in 1898, 3,511Z. Staple products and exports, palm oil, palm kernels, and india-rubber ; the export of valuable native woods is increasing. Gold found in many parts and now being worked. Telegraphs 688 miles, including three miles of cable. In 1895-6 a military expedition proceeded from the Gold Coast to Kumasi, the capital of Ashanti, the king of which made his submission to her Majesty's representative, and is now, with his principal chiefs, a prisoner at Sierra Leone. The country was definitely placed under British protection on August 27, 1896, and there is a British Resident at Kumasi. The country is being opened up for traffic and for the development of the gold mines. A government railway is under construction from Sekondi on the coast to Tarkvva, and surveys have been made for lines to Kumasi from Tarkwa and from Appam. The whole length will be 180 miles. A line from Accra to the Volta is contemplated. By the Anglo-German Convention of November 14, 1899, it was decided that the boundary between German and English territory in the neutral zone should be the river Daka to the 9th degree of North latitude, whence it should continue northwards. The frontier will be fixed by a joint commission, so that Gambaga and the territories of Mamprnsi shall fall to Great Britain, and Yendi and the territories of Chakosi to Germany. Commissioner and Commandant of the, Northern Territories of the Gold Coast —Major A. H. Morris, D.S.O. LAGOS. Lagos Colony consists of Lagos Island and the coast lying between the French possession of Dahomey and British Southern Nigeria. Governor, Sir William MacGregor, M.D., K.C.M.G., C.B. (3,500Z.). Executive and Legislative Councils, nominated. Area, 985 square miles ; population in 1891, 85,607. Thirty-one schools; 3,371 pupils; exclusive of Mohammedan schools. Principal products and exports : palm oil and kernels, ivory, gum copal, cotton, rubber, cocoa, and coffee. Cattle in 1898, 1,019 • sheep, 1,686; pigs, 2,537, Chief imports: spirits, tobacco, cotton goods, hardware. The railway from Lagos to Aheokuta, 60 miles inland, is open, and a further section of 66 miles from Abeokuta to Ibadan is on the point of completion. The Lagos Protectorate is bounded on the west and north-west by the French possessions, on the north-east by Northern, and on the east by Copyright material from www.palgraveconnect.com - Trial Access - PalgraveConnect - 2014-03-13
10.1057/9780230270305 - The Statesman's Year-Book, Edited by John Scott-Keltie WEST AFRICAN COLONIES 23 L Southern Nigeria (see NIGKRIA). Its limits have recently been modilicd by agreement with France and re-arrangement of the British possessions on the Niger. Its boundaries are defined by the Lagos Protectorate Order in Council of December 27, 1899. The area is over 21,000 square miles, with a popur lation of about 3,000,000, mostly pagan, but containing 12,000 Mohamme, dans and about 6,000 Christians. GAMBIA. Gambia, at the mouth of the river Gambia, formerly formed part of the West African Settlements, but in December 1888 was erected into a separate colony. Administrator, Sir G. C. Denton, K.C.M.G, (1,500., and allow, ances 6001.). Executive and Legislative Council nominated. Area of colony proper, 69 square miles; population (1899), 15,000, including 62 whites, 5,300 Mohammedans, 2,385 Christians (Protestants and Roman Catholics) ; 6 schools, with 883 pupils enrolled; Government grant, proportionate to results (1898), 362Z. There is an armed police force of 100 men. In 1899, 149 prisoners were tried, and 103 convicted. Chief town, Bathurst, on the island of St. Mary, 6,000 inhabitants. Chief products and exports : ground nuts, hides, bees-wax, rice, cotton, corn, india-rubber. Adjacent to the Colony are protected territories with an area of about 2,700 square miles, and a population estimated at 200,000. SIERRA LEONE. Sierra Leone lies between French Guinea on the north and the Republic of Liberia on the south. Governor, Sir Charles Anthony King-Harman, K.C.M.G. (2,5002.); assisted by Executive and Legislative Councils, nominated. Sierra Leone proper consists of the peninsula about 26 miles long, and 12 miles broad, with an area of about 300 square miles, terminating in Cape Sierra Leone. The colony of Sierra Loone extends from the Scarcies River on the north, to the border of Liberia in the south, 180 miles. It extends inland to a distance varying from 8 to 20 miles and includes the Isles de Los, Yellaboi and other islands towards the north, as well as Sherbro and several smaller islands to the south. Area about 4,000 square miles ; population (census, 1891), 74,835, of whom 224 are whites. Protestants, 40,790; Catholics, 571 ; Mohammedans, 7,396 ; the rest pagans. In 1899, 65 schools were visited and inspected ; their average attendance was 5,583 (3,148 boy.s and 2,435 girls), and the number on the roll was 7,789 ; Government grant in aid, 1.372Z. 2s. Qd. Fourah Bay College is affiliated to the University of Durham. Chief town, Freetown, 30,033 inhabitants—head quarters of H.M.'s forces in "West Africa, 800 men of the West India Reginient, and a West African Regiment raised in 1898, besid.es engineers and artillery. Armed constabulary force of 600 men chiefly for frontier defencp. Freetown, the greatest seaport in West Africa, is a second-class Imperial coaling station, with an excellent harbour fortified with several batteries of heavy guns. There is a supreme court, and police and petty debt courts in each district; in 1899, 1,329 persons were summarily convicted, and 112 referred to the Supreme Court for trial. Chief products and exports : palm oil and kernels, benni seed, ground nuts, kola nuts, india-rubber, copal, hides. Many skilled workers in gold and silver. Government savings banks with 47,830Z. to the credit of 3,581 depositors, deposited in 1899. There are good roads, and much traffic on the many lagoons and canals. A government light railway is open from Freetown to Songotown, 30 miles, and across the Ribbi river to Rotofunk, 30 miles; the extension to Bo, 80 miles, has been begun. Copyright material from www.palgraveconnect.com - Trial Access - PalgraveConnect - 2014-03-13
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