COI-Report-Somalia

82 — EASO Country of Origin Information report — South and Central Somalia — Country overview
with Galmudug - ruled out by Ximan & Xeeb back in January 2013 ( 782 ) - is getting more likely as an agreement
between the two entities was signed in January 2014 ( 783 ). At the same time, the President of Ximan & Xeeb, Abdullahi
Ali Mohammed Barleh, said that the entity severed its relationship with the Somali government ( 784 ). Talks about
a Central State continue ( 785 ).
3.4.13 Galmudug
The Hawiye/Habr Gedir/Sa’ad dominated Galmudug administration of former warlord Abdi Hasan Awale ‘Qeybdiid’
has some 1 000 to 1 200 security forces at command ( 786 ). These were partly trained with the assistance of UNDP ( 787 ).
There are several police stations in Galmudug ( 788 ). Galmudug is the only administration in Somalia that claims to
be secular ( 789 ).
On 31 March 2014, Galmudug and Puntland announced the formation of a joint security organisation for Mudug ( 790 ).
This special police force will include 120 officers from both administrations; 40 are already on duty along the border
line in Galkacyo ( 791 ). This move could improve the security level throughout the region ( 792 ) where clan conflicts and
consequent blood feuds - especially between Hawiye/Habr Gedir and Majerteen/Omar Mohamoud ( 793 ) - remain
a problem ( 794 ).
Politically, Galmudug is further exploring the idea of a Hawiye‐led Federal Central State for the regions Galgaduud und
Mudug. This Central State would include the areas of ASWJ and Ximan & Xeeb. An agreement is not foreseeable ( 795 )
and for Galmudug to succeed it needs more territory so as to qualify as a Federal State, but even the actual
territory and boundaries are unclear and disputed ( 796 ). In this context it should be mentioned that there are ‘many
rifts and conflicts between clans and sub‐clans in the larger Galgaduud region (e.g. Saad‐Saleban, Ayr‐Saleban,
Marrehan‐Saleban, Saleban‐Duduble and Marrehan‐Ayr)’ ( 797 ). Related kidnappings and killings happen frequently
in Mudug: incidents were reported on 24, 25, 27, and 28 May 2014 ( 798 ). In addition, periodically reported extortion
and violence at illegal checkpoints are mostly caused by clan militias. On 19 April 2014, two civilians were shot at an
illegal checkpoint of Sa’ad militiamen, just south of Galkacyo ( 799 ).
( 782 ) Garowe Online, Galmudug and Ahlu Sunna to form ‘joint administration’ in central Somalia, 7 January 2014 (http://www.garoweonline.com/artman2/publish/
Somalia_27/Galmudug_and_Ahlu_Sunna_to_form_joint_administration_in_central_Somalia_printer.shtml) accessed 4 June 2013.
( 783 ) AMISOM, Amisom Daily Media Monitoring, 31 January 2014 (http://somaliamediamonitoring.org/january-31-2014-daily‐monitoring‐report/) accessed
15 May 2014.
( 784 ) AMISOM, Amisom Daily Media Monitoring, 24 January 2014 (http://somaliamediamonitoring.org/january-24-2014-daily‐monitoring‐report/) accessed
15 May 2014.
( 785 ) OODA Loop, Security and Political Awareness Report Somalia for April 10 2014, 10 April 2014 (http://www.oodaloop.com/wp‐content/uploads/2014/03/
Somalia‐Report‐through-4.4.14.pdf) accessed 16 May 2014.
( 786 ) Tiwald, A., ‘The Security Situation in Somalia’, Somalia: Security, Minorities and Migration, Austria: Federal Ministry of the Interior, 2013 (http://www.refworld.
org/docid/53564b8a4.html) accessed 15 May 2014, p. 33.
( 787 ) UN Security Council, Report of the Secretary‐General on Somalia, (S/2013/69), 31 January 2013 (http://www.refworld.org/country,,UNSC,,SOM,,511b88532,0.
html) accessed 29 May 2014, p. 6.
( 788 ) Tiwald, A., ‘The Security Situation in Somalia’, Somalia: Security, Minorities and Migration, Austria: Federal Ministry of the Interior, 2013 (http://www.refworld.
org/docid/53564b8a4.html) accessed 15 May 2014, p. 33.
( 789 ) LPI, Alternatives for Conflict Transformation in Somalia. A snapshot and analysis of key political actors’ views and strategies, 2014 (http://www.life‐peace.
org/wp‐content/uploads/The‐ACTS‐Report.pdf) accessed 27 May 2014, p. 9.
( 790 ) OODA Loop, Security and Political Awareness Report Somalia for April 10 2014, 10 April 2014 (http://www.oodaloop.com/wp‐content/uploads/2014/03/
Somalia‐Report‐through-4.4.14.pdf) accessed 16 May 2014.
( 791 ) Security Analysis Expert, Austria: interview by the author, 13 May 2014.
( 792 ) OODA Loop, Security and Political Awareness Report Somalia for April 10 2014, 10 April 2014 (http://www.oodaloop.com/wp‐content/uploads/2014/03/
Somalia‐Report‐through-4.4.14.pdf) accessed 16 May 2014.
( 793 ) An international agency in: Landinfo/Udlændingsstyrelsen, Update on security and protection issues in Mogadishu and South‐Central Somalia, March 2014
(http://landinfo.no/asset/2837/1/2837_1.pdf) accessed 26 May 2014, p. 16.
( 794 ) Security Analysis Expert, Austria: interview by the author, 13 May 2014; e.g. fighting between militias of Sa’ad and Marehan on 19 May 2014 at Qoryacaqdo
(ca. 90 km west of Galkacyo). Security Analysis Department, Weekly Security Report, 23 May 2014.
( 795 ) Security Analysis Expert, Austria: interview by the author, 13 May 2014.
( 796 ) LPI, Alternatives for Conflict Transformation in Somalia. A snapshot and analysis of key political actors’ views and strategies, 2014 (http://www.life‐peace.
org/wp‐content/uploads/The‐ACTS‐Report.pdf) accessed 27 May 2014, p. 34-35.
( 797 ) LPI, Alternatives for Conflict Transformation in Somalia. A snapshot and analysis of key political actors’ views and strategies, 2014 (http://www.life‐peace.
org/wp‐content/uploads/The‐ACTS‐Report.pdf) accessed 27 May 2014, p. 35.
( 798 ) Security Analysis Department, Weekly Security Report, 30 May 2014.
( 799 ) Security Analysis Department, Weekly Security Report, 25 April 2014.