Untitled - Oxfam Blogs

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Impacts of Price Hikes on the Lives and Livelihoods of Poor People in Viet Nam Figure 3.6: Production accounting for Maize and Coffee in Dong Tam village, Cu Hue commune (Eakar, Dak Lak) 30000 Maize in Dak Lak 30000 Maize in Dak Lak '000 VND per hectare 25000 20000 15000 10000 5000 Gross income Separating Transportation Insecticide Fertilizer Earth work Seed '000 VND per hectare 25000 20000 15000 10000 5000 Gross income Separating Transportation Insecticide Fertilizer Earth work Seed 0 Crop I 2007 Crop I 2008 0 Crop II 2007 Crop II 2008 120000 Coffee in Dak Lak '000 VND per hectare 100000 80000 60000 40000 20000 Gross income Separating Insectcide Fertilizer Watering 0 Crop 2006/2007 Crop 2007/2008 Source: Data provided by local people and agents in Cu Hue (July 2008) A comparison of the productivity of maize crops grown by the poor farmers – mainly in the Êđê village of M’Hng - and by non-poor farmers – mainly in the Kinh village of Dong Tam - shows that the poor Êđê farmers use only 60 percent as much fertilizer as the Kinh farmers do, and so produce 75 percent the total output of Kinh farmers. The gross income per ha of Êđê farmers is only 70 percent that of Kinh farmers. However, due to the low investments in fertilizer incomes from the first crop of 2008 are only 20 percent lower than in 2007. In summary, the poor invest less in fertilizer, thus gain less output and income. However, their incomes are less affected by prices increases. Quang Tri - Cassava Production. As the cassava farmers in Quang Tri do not purchase agricultural inputs (they do not use fertilizers and can produce their own seeds), they feel they have profited by the 45 percent increase in the price of cassava over the last year (Figure 3.7). However, their net income has not risen as much since the Vân Kiu farmers, both poor and non-poor, never use fertilizers and do not apply measures to improve the soil conditions for cassava crops. The quality of soil is therefore deteriorating fast. The productivity of cassava in Xy commune this year (2007/2008 crop) has declined by nearly 30 percent compared with the last year (2006/2007 crop), while the cost of food for labourers at harvest time and transport services have increased 40
Impacts of Price Hikes on the Lives and Livelihoods of the Rural Poor Figure 3.7: Production accounting for Cassava in Xy commune (Huong Hoa, Quang Tri) 12000 Cassava in Quang Tri '000 VND per hectare 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 Crop 2006/2007 Crop 2007/2008 Gross income Transaction Transportation Buying food for mutual harvesting Source: Data provided by local people in Xy and processing enterprise (August 2008) Cassava farmers are worse off when income is converted into rice. In 2007 they could sell the output of one ha of cassava and buy 1.6 tons of regular rice or 1.4 tons of sticky rice. In 2008 they can only buy 0.9 tons of regular rice (down 43 percent) or 1.1 tons of sticky rice (down 19 percent) (Table 3.6). As output begins to decline farmers react by expanding the total acreage in order to maintain the same level of income. However, available land in new residential areas is limited while they can not return to their former residential area for cultivation because there is no road access for vehicles. In response to soil degradation they use the traditional methods of crop rotation. However, given the growing population and lack of land, such a solution becomes increasingly difficult to implement. It is projected that the output of the next crop 2008/09 will be further reduced. This represents a real challenge to poverty reduction efforts in Xy commune. Table 3.6: Correlation between cassava sales and rice purchase in Xy commune (Huong Hoa, Quang Tri) Crop 2006-2007 Crop 2007-2008 Rise (+) /Fall (-) ( percent) Total cassava acreage of the commune (ha) 199 244 + 22.6 Fresh cassava output (ton) * 2,800 2,500 - 10.7 Average cassava productivity (ton/ha) 14.07 10.25 - 27.1 Average selling price (VND/kg) 700 1000 + 42.9 Average value of output (VND) 9,849,000 10,245,900 + 4.0 Buying price of regular rice (VND/kg) 6,000 11,000 + 83.3 Buying price of sticky rice (VND/kg) 7,000 9,000 + 28.6 Cassava output converted to regular rice output (kg) 1,642 931 - 43.3 Cassava output converted to sticky rice output (kg) 1,407 1,138 - 19.1 (*) Fresh cassava output is calculated according to data obtained from the processing plant, exclusive of a small amount of dried cassava Source: Reports of Xy commune and data of the tapioca processing plant (July-August 2008) Poor people with small scale production are worse-off. As cash income or income converted into PPP decreases, the effect of economies of scale becomes more apparent at all the study sites. The maize farmers in Dak Lak say “if we can cultivate 2-3 ha then we will be able to save some money. If we do less than one ha then we will not”. The poor often have limited access to land and can not expand or hire more land as the non-poor do. 41
Page 3 and 4: Preface 1 Viet Nam has made strikin
Page 5 and 6: Table of Contents Executive Summary
Page 7 and 8: Executive Summary 1. Between May an
Page 9 and 10: Tóm tt budget. Women also tend to
Page 11 and 12: Tóm tt 34. A frequently asked ques
Page 13 and 14: 1. Introduction 1.1 Context Rising
Page 15 and 16: Introduction • Go Vap district (H
Page 17 and 18: 2. Overview 2.1 Inflation Rising in
Page 19 and 20: Overview Table 2.2: Percentage of N
Page 21 and 22: Overview Maize. The average output
Page 23: Overview and policies for new targe
Page 26 and 27: Impacts of Price Hikes on the Lives
Page 52 and 53: away…. we go into the forests up
Page 80 and 81: Annex: Brief description of study s
Page 82 and 83: Province/ City (Urban/rural) Distri

Untitled - Oxfam Blogs

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?