ASPIRE Spring 09 - Aspire - The Concrete Bridge Magazine

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Lawson and Wollmann 2007 Concrete Bridge Conference ADVANCED AESTHETIC EMBEDMENT IN PRESTRESSED GIRDER David J. Lawson, P.E., Michael Baker Jr., Inc., Phoenix, Arizona Gregor P. Wollmann, Ph.D., P.E., Michael Baker Jr., Inc., Charleston, West Virginia ABSTRACT For the recently completed Cotton Lane Bridge over the Gila River in Goodyear, Arizona, architectural form liners were embedded into the outboard face of the exterior modified AASHTO Type VI girders. The girders were modified by increasing the web thickness and by curtailing the top flange on one side to create a C-shaped section. The resulting deep outboard girder face received a relief pattern of lizards and cacti. The asymmetric girder cross section required a modified prestressing strand pattern. Due to the nonsymmetry additional torsional shear stresses and weak axis bending were introduced. Increased torsional rigidity of the modified girder compared to the non-modified interior girders influences the live load and composite dead load distribution. Eccentricity between centroid of prestressing strands and centroid of section caused horizontal bowing. The unsymmetrical girder needed to be adequately braced during concrete deck placement to minimize both additional torsional stresses and non-uniform pressure on the bearing pads. The paper discusses these and other design issues as well as the construction of the Cotton Lane Bridge in detail. Keywords Aesthetics, Concrete, Unsymmetrical, Prestressing, Precast
Lawson and Wollmann 2007 Concrete Bridge Conference INTRODUCTION Design of the new Cotton Lane Bridge was driven by Goodyear, Arizona’s rapid growth and suburbanization, and the resulting need to span the Gila River with an attractive, costefficient structure. In order to create a visually interesting structure, architectural relief patterns were cast directly into the prestressed concrete bridge girders. Each panel was embedded with a Southwestern-themed lizard and cacti pattern, eliminating the need to hang patterned panels after girder placement, and thereby decreasing construction time. This approach enhanced aesthetics without sacrificing economy. However, incorporating this pattern into prestressed girder sections increased the complexity of both the design and construction, as will be shown in this paper. Recently constructed, the Cotton Lane Bridge over the Gila River is a 17 span, 2,067-foot long bridge with a bridge deck that is 114-feet wide. Each span measures approximately 122-feet from pier to pier, and consists of 12 girder lines spaced at 9’-5” centers. The cast-inplace deck is eight inches thick. Each pier was made from cast-in-place concrete and consists of a 5-foot wide pier cap, supported on four columns, each 5-foot in diameter which transition directly into drilled caissons that are 6-foot diameter. The outside face of all 34 exterior girders received a relief pattern of lizards and cacti, totaling approximately 4,080 linear feet. The ten interior girder lines consist of typical AASHTO Type VI modified prestressed girders. Figure 1 shows the modified exterior girder at the precast yard. Figures 2 and 3 are in-construction pictures taken at the job site. The bridge owner is Maricopa County Department of Transportation and the general contractor is Peter Kiewit & Sons. The girder precaster is T-PAC. Fig. 1 Exterior Girder at Precast Yard (After Stripping) 1
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