Understanding Infrared Thermography Reading 7 Part 2 of 2.pdf

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λ m = b/T = (2897/T μm) Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/topstory/2004/0107filament.html
Two physical laws define the radiant behavior illustrated in Figure A-6: The Stephan-Boltzmann Law (1): W = εδT 4 and Wien’s Displacement Law (2): λ m = b/T = (2897/T μm) Where: W = Radiant flux emitted per unit are a (watts/cm²) ε = Emissivity (unity for a blackbody target) δ = Stephan-Boltzmann constant = 5.673 x10 -12 watts cm -2 T = Absolute temperature <strong>of</strong> target (K) λ m = Wavelength <strong>of</strong> maximum radiation (µm) b = Wien’s displacement constant = 2897 (µm∙K) Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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Infrared Thermal Testing Reading VI
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6.1 Basic Elements An in-house prog
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6.1.4 Responsibilities This section
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IR Viewing Window - Opaque Polymer
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6.1.8 Acceptance Criteria All surve
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6.1.9 Reporting Criteria A rigid pr
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6.1.10 Qualification of Personnel P
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EPRI Licensed Material Basic Elemen
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7. TRAINING AND CERTIFICATION This
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Recommended training and certificat
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■ Level II A Level II infrared th
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The experience and education recomm
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B. Spatial Resolution • the conce
Page 35 and 36: D. Equipment Operation • Be able
Page 37 and 38: The PdM basic examination is more s
Page 39 and 40: Appendix-A The Science Of Thermogra
Page 41 and 42: Erroneous conclusions can have an e
Page 43 and 44: A.2.1 Heat and Temperature What is
Page 45 and 46: To convert changes in temperature o
Page 47 and 48: A.2.3 The Three Modes of Heat Trans
Page 49 and 50: The Fourier Conduction Law: Q/A Q =
Page 51 and 52: A.2.5 Convection Convective heat tr
Page 53 and 54: Figure A-2 Convective Heat Flow Cha
Page 55 and 56: A.2.6 Radiation Radiative heat tran
Page 57 and 58: A.2.7 Radiation Exchange at the Tar
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Page 61 and 62: Figure A-4 Radiative Heat Flow W ε
Page 63 and 64: A.2.8 Specular and Diffuse Surfaces
Page 65 and 66: Specular or Diffuse Surfaces Diffus
Page 67 and 68: Specular and Diffuse Surfaces Confu
Page 69 and 70: Specular reflection is the mirror-l
Page 71 and 72: Reflections off Specular and Diffus
Page 73 and 74: The thermogram of the outside surfa
Page 75 and 76: Steady-state conduction Steady stat
Page 77 and 78: A.3 The Basic Physics of Infrared R
Page 79 and 80: A.3.1 Some Historical Background Th
Page 81 and 82: A.3.3 The Target Surface The chart
Page 83 and 84: Figure A-6 shows the distribution o
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Page 89 and 90: According to (2), the wavelength at
Page 91 and 92: Figure A-7 Spectral Distribution of
Page 93 and 94: Figure A-8 shows that the instrumen
Page 95 and 96: If the emissivity of a gray body is
Page 97 and 98: Under certain conditions, an error
Page 99 and 100: EXAM score! Non-graybody (colored b
Page 101 and 102: Figure A-10 illustrates the spectra
Page 103 and 104: Figure A-10 Infrared Transmission o
Page 105 and 106: Figure A-11 Infrared Spectral Trans
Page 107 and 108: Figure A-11 shows transmission curv
Page 109 and 110: EXAM score! Glass is opaque λ > 5
Page 111 and 112: Figure A-12 Characteristics of IR T
Page 113 and 114: The characteristics of the window m
Page 115 and 116: IR Lenses - LWIR Len Charlie Chong/
Page 117 and 118: IR Lenses - Fresnel Len Charlie Cho
Page 119 and 120: Figure A-13 Components of an Infrar
Page 121 and 122: Infrared optics are available in tw
Page 123 and 124: All infrared detector-transducers e
Page 125 and 126: Figure A-14 Typical Infrared Radiat
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Page 129 and 130: Thermopile Detector Charlie Chong/
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Thermopile Detector Charlie Chong/
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The IR Detectors Infrared detectors
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Figure A-15 Spectral Sensitivity of
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The Mercury- Cadmium-telluride (Hgc
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The Mercury- Cadmium-Telluride (HgC
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Point-sensing instruments for measu
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A.3.6.1 Line Scanning The purpose o
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A.3.6.2 Two-Dimensional Scanning Th
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Opto-mechanical Scanner A typical c
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Electronic scanning Electronic scan
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Figure A-18 Schematic of a Typical
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Applications for infrared FPAs incl
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Staring Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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A.4.1 Point-Sensing Instruments For
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Temperature sensitivity is also cal
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EXAM score! thermal resolution (≠
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NETD - Noise Equivalent Temperature
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Figure A-19 Instrument Speed of Res
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Figure A-20 Fields of View of Infra
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Figure A-20 Fields of View of Infra
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The output requirements are totally
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Spectrally selective instruments em
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Figure A-21 Spectral Filtering for
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Figure A-22 shows a similar solutio
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A.4.2 Scanners and Imagers.Qualitat
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• Total field of view (TFOV): the
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Despite some manufacturers’ claim
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A.4.3.1 Temperature Sensitivity, Mi
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Figure A-23 Test Setup for MRTD Mea
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A.4.3.2 Spot Size (FOV) , Instantan
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■ A standard 4 bar (slit) resolut
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Both MRTD and MTF are functions of
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Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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IFOVmeas: The slit width at which t
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FPA Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang http:
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FPA Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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A.4.3.3 Speed of Response and Frame
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A.4.4 Thermal Imaging Software In o
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The newest field-portable instrumen
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Appendix B Measuring Emissivity, Re
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Figure B-1 Target Radiosity Charlie
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The reference emitter technique wor
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1. Apply the reference emitter (E)
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B.2.2 Reflective Emissivity Techniq
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Figure B-3 Using the Reflective Emi
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Figure B-4 Using the Transmittance
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Appendix C Quick Reference Charts A
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MTF Determination Using An Ir Image
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Measuring And Setting Effective Emi
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Classification Of Faults (Guideline
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Reading: Four Emissivity: Understan
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Figure 1 shows a typical three-phas
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Figure IR1: Corresponding infrared
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Thermal radiation and properties of
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The thermal nature of materials. Ma
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So in plain English, when the therm
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Figure 2: Stainless steel block. (a
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Observed with our thermal imager (w
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Can you see my eye glasses in the i
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How can the thermal imager’s read
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When we remove the block from the o
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In this experiment we see that the
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Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang http://ww
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Using a narrow band filter to measu
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Emissivity, the variable’s variab
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Emissivity and electrical equipment
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In manufacturing processes, steel o
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In this case, we have another power
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Figure IR1: Corresponding infrared
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Figure 7: Measuring the loads on a
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Summary Predictive maintenance PDM
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It is much like most endeavors in l
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Good Luck Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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Charlie https://www.yumpu.com/en/br
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