ACTA BIOLOGICA CRACOVIENSIA

16 TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CAROTENOIDS
addition to the above carotenoids, we monitored the uptake of the
epoxycarotenoid conversion products neochrome (from neoxanthin)
and luteoxanthin/auroxanthin (from violaxanthin), showing
complete epoxide-furanoid conversion under the conditions
applied, but also comparable micellarization and cellular uptake
with respect to lutein. The present results indicate that divalent
ions may inhibit carotenoid micellarization and uptake, warranting
further examination in vivo.
This study was supported by the Fonds National de la Recherche
Luxembourg (PhD Grant TR-PHD-BFR07/142).
1.4.
Cardiovascular related biomarkers as affected
by consumption of tomato products – results
from human intervention studies within
LYCOCARD
Volker Böhm
Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University Jena,
Dornburger Str. 25-29, 07743 Jena, Germany,
Volker.Boehm@uni-jena.de
Various epidemiological studies showed prevention of cardiovascular
diseases (CVD) by consumption of tomato products, being
the main lycopene source in Western diets. Beside this red
coloured carotenoid also other ingredients of tomatoes (e.g.
ascorbic acid, folic acid, phenolic compounds) may be responsible
for beneficial effects. One possible mechanism of prevention
is the antioxidant potential of tomatoes and tomato products. Invitro
studies as well as animal experiments showed different
mechanisms of action of lycopene. However, in-vivo studies are
needed to show effects of relevance for human beings. Thus, within
the European project LYCOCARD several human intervention
trials were done, using different tomato products (tomato purée,
tomato passata, tomato juice, tomato ketchup). Looking for primary
prevention effects, volunteers were healthy people without
or with CVD risk factors (smokers, postmenopausal women,
obese people), ingesting between 12 and 46 mg lycopene per day
out of tomato products for one week up to 18 months. Although
the lycopene contents in plasma significantly increased in all
studies, only small changes were observed in CVD relevant
parameters. Some volunteers showed significantly increased
antioxidant capacity in plasma. In addition, inflammatory markers
were decreased after consumption of tomato products. In contrast,
endothelial function remained unchanged (Stangl et al.,
2011) as did lipid status parameters. Thus, further studies need
to investigate more in detail CVD relevant anti-inflammatory
effects of tomato ingredients.
Concluding all investigations within LYCOCARD, looking for
primary prevention proved to be difficult as all volunteers were
healthy and the intervention studies with different products were
not able to improve the health status. However, these study
results do not exclude preventive effects of tomato products, with
CVD development often taking decades . To eat tomato products
within a mixed diet is always a good and tasty choice, as lycopene
is better absorbed from processed products than from raw tomatoes.
REFERENCES:
STANGL V, KUHN C, HENTSCHEL S, JOCHMANN N, JACOB C, BÖHM V,
FRÖHLICH K, MÜLLER L, GERICKE C, LORENZ M. 2011. Lack of
effects of tomato products on endothelial function in humans:
Results of a randomised, placebo controlled cross-over study.
British Journal of Nutrition 105: 263-267.
1.5.
Carotenoid exposure of inflammational stimulated
Caco-2 intestinal epithelium cells –
impact on biomarkers of inflammation and the
proteome
Anouk Kaulmann, Tommaso Serchi, Jenny Renaut,
Sebastien Planchon, Lucien Hoffmann, Torsten Bohn
Environmental-and Agro-Biotechnologies Department, Centre de
Recherche Public Gabriel Lippmann, 41, rue du Brill, 4422
Belvaux, Luxemburg. kaulmann@lippmann.lu,
serchi@lippmann.lu, renaut@lippmann.lu, planchon@lippmann.lu,
hoffmann@lippmann.lu, bohn@lippmann.lu
Carotenoid dietary intake has been related to a number of health
beneficial effects, including the reduction of several chronic diseases
such as cancer and cardiovascular complications. This is in part
due to their antioxidant potential, albeit they could act via many different
pathways that may result in anticancerous or anti-inflammatory
properties. However, no data is available on their action on the
intestinal epithelium, being exposed to the highest concentrations of
carotenoids in the human body, and where they could act in a preventive
way on intestinal inflammatory diseases such as Crohn's disease
and ulcerative colitis. The objective of the present study was to
investigate whether lycopene and β-carotene in micelles, at concentrations
that could be reached via the diet (10-25 μg/ml) could aid in
the reduction of TNF-α plus IL-1 induced inflammation of human
derived Caco-2 epithelium cells. The impact on biomarkers of
inflammation, including IL-8, nitric oxide, prostaglandin-2α, and
NF-kB and MAPK pathways of intracellular signalling cascades were
evaluated vs. a control (empty micelles). Furthermore, proteomic
analyses were conducted from total cellular protein extracts following
2 D-DiGE and MALID-TOF/TOF analyses. Results revealed that
isolated carotenoids had no statistical significant anti-inflammatory
effect on the biomarkers observed, or on the regulation of NF-kB
and MAPK. Nevertheless, analyses of the proteome suggested that
15 proteins were significantly (P1.3) differentially
regulated following β-carotene exposure, participating
mostly in cellular metabolism including antioxidant mechanisms,
such as glutathione synthase. Only 1 protein was differentially regulated
by lycopene (profilin-1). To our knowledge, this is the first
attempt to investigate pathways involved in the action of carotenoids
on the intestinal epithelium, including proteomic analyses.
1.6.
BCMO1 deficiency induces nonalcoholic
steatohepatitis independent of fatty acid
oxidation and synthesis
SESSION 1
Georg Lietz1 , Christine Bösch-Saadatmandi1 , Lars Eijssen2 ,
Franck Tourniaire1,3 , Susanne Hessel4 ,
Jean Francoise Landrier3 , Anthony Oxley1 , John Hesketh1 ,
Jaume Amengual6 , M. Luisa Bonet5 , Chris Evelo2 ,
Yvonne G. J. van Helden7 , Jaap Keijer7 , Adrian Wyss8 ,
Alaistair Burt1 , Matthew Wright1 , Heather Cordell1 , Ann Daly1 ,
Julian Leathart1 , Chris Day1 , Johannes von Lintig6 1Newcastle University, UK
2University Maastricht, The Netherlands
3Université Aix-Marseille I et II, France
4University of Freiburg, Germany
5Universitat de les Illes Balears, Spain
6Case Western Reserve University, USA
7Wageningen University, The Netherlands
8DSM Nutritional Products, Switzerland
22 ACTA BIOLOGICA CRACOVIENSIA Series Botanica