Summary Report - pdf - Department of Families, Housing ...

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This report uses a measure called the Level of RelativeIsolation (LORI) 1 to describe the geographicalcharacteristics of families in the study. In remote areassuch as the Kimberley region, the Torres Strait Islandsand the Northern Peninsula Area (NPA), families wereliving wholly in areas of moderate or high to extremeisolation. However, the Northern Territory Top End, AliceSprings, Mount Isa and remote Western Queensland sitescontained a mixture of areas of low, moderate and highto extreme levels of isolation. All the other remaining siteswere made up of areas of no or low levels of isolation.Unless specifically stated, percentages provided in thisreport are based on the numbers of responses and donot include the numbers of participants who refused toanswer a question or responded that they did not know.For most variables, the number of missing responses wasvery low (less than five). The number of respondents isprovided in cases where the number of missing variablesmay make a significant difference.This report’s findings are presented in two parts. Part Acontains short articles which provide an annual updateon the changes that have occurred in the three mainareas measured each wave: the child, the family andthe community. While the survey is about the childrenand their development as they move along thepath to adulthood, to understand their developmentit is important to look at the environment in whichthese changes are happening namely, their familiesand communities.Part B of the report contains longer feature articlesexploring the relationships between factors in thechildren’s development and the world in which they live.Study terminology and definitionsChild (or plural children)—the sampling unit of the Footprints in Time study. Children are Aboriginal or Torres StraitIslander children. The study follows two cohorts of children: the B cohort and the K cohort.B cohort—the younger group of study children. Most children in this cohort were aged from six months to 2 years inwave 1, 1½ to 3 years in wave 2 and 2½ to 4 years in wave 3.K cohort—the older group of study children. Most children in this cohort were aged 3½ to 5 years in wave 1, 4½ to6 years in wave 2, and 5½ to 7 years in wave 3.Parent—refers specifically to the child’s biological, foster or step parent. The term should not be taken to have thesame meaning as primary carer.Primary carer is defined as the primary caregiver of the child who knows the child best. In most cases, the primarycarer is the child’s biological mother but in some cases it is the child’s father or another guardian.LORI (Level of Relative Isolation) is a classification of remoteness indicating the relative distance of localities frompopulation centres of various sizes. LORI has five categories: none (urban), low, moderate, high and extreme. Inthis report the last two categories are combined as numbers in these areas are small. This report uses LORI ratherthan ARIA, as LORI has been designed to take account of Indigenous language and other culturally specificgeographic characteristics.Wave is the period of data collection. The Footprints in Time study has three waves of data available for analysis.The waves are conducted approximately one year apart. Wave 1 was collected primarily in 2008, wave 2 in 2009and wave 3 in 2010.1 For more information about LORI refer to Zubrick et al. (2004).8 Footprints in Time: The Longitudinal Study of Indigenous Children | Key Summary Report from Wave 3
AANNUAL UPDATEIt’s a child’s life 10Family life 27Culture and community 53
Page 2 and 3: The Footprints in Time team acknowl
Page 5 and 6: ContentsForeword 6Introduction 7Imp
Page 7 and 8: Culture and community 53Neighbourho
Page 9: IntroductionFootprints in Time is t
Page 13 and 14: Table 2: Type of school attended by
Page 15 and 16: Figure 4: Average “Who Am I?” s
Page 17: Table 5: Persistence of concerns ab
Page 22: Dental healthAs they are growing up
Page 26 and 27: Table10: Percentage of children doi
Page 28 and 29: Table 12: Percentage of children do
Page 30 and 31: Table 14: Changes in family type of
Page 32 and 33: Parents living elsewhereGeneral que
Page 34 and 35: Primary carers of children who did
Page 36 and 37: Figure 14: Most common reasons for
Page 38 and 39: HomelessnessOn any given day, nearl
Page 40 and 41: For 77.0 per cent of respondents th
Page 42 and 43: Jobless and two-earner familiesIf w
Page 44 and 45: Income and financeThe Footprints in
Page 46 and 47: Income managementIn all three waves
Page 48 and 49: Table 33: Family money situation in
Page 50 and 51: Primary carer health and wellbeingE
Page 52 and 53: Parental warmth and disciplineIn wa
Page 54 and 55: Questions about a list of major lif
Page 56 and 57: Table 40 shows the relative distrib
Page 58 and 59: in areas of low or moderate isolati
Page 60 and 61:
It is also important to consider th
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The degree of trust respondents had
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Parent and child directed activitie
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Table 52: Level of television viewi
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With the exception of storytelling,
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Children in areas of high or extrem
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Nevertheless, cards was the form of
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Social and emotional development:In
Page 76 and 77:
The prosocial scores were significa
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In wave 3, teacher-based SDQ scores
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English language acquisition: relat
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Using the MacArthur Bates vocabular
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Mothers’ educational aspirations
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curriculum, stable schooling (only
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Appendix ABackground to the studyCo
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Other participant interviewsIn addi
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Table 71: Percentage of wave 1 resp
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Access to the dataThe dataset used
Page 97 and 98:
ReferencesAustralian Bureau of Stat
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FAHCSIA11828
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